What is claimed is:
1. A rotary displacement piling equipment for boring a hole within the soil comprising:
a rotary displacement bit;
driving rod means having an upper end and a lower end connected to said bit;
casing means surrounding said driving rod means to be forced down into the soil;
a casing adapter having a lower end provided with a cylindrical collar for co-operating with the upper part of said casing means for keeping in line said casing means with respect to said driving rod means and with an horizontal thrust face for applying a thrust at the upper end of said casing means, and an upper end, said driving means passing through said casing adapter;
a rotary drive box co-operating with said driving rod means for rotating said driving rod means, said rotary drive box being provided with connecting means to be connected to the upper end of said casing adapter, whereby said casing adapter is rotated by said rotary drive box; and
vertical supporting and guiding means for supporting and vertically guiding said rotary drive box.
2. The equipment of claim 1, wherein said rotary displacement bit comprises:
a spiral lower portion for laterally displacing the soil when said bit is rotated;
an upper cylindrical portion having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of said casing means; and
connecting means for fixing said bit at the lower end of said driving rod means.
3. The equipment of claim 1 or 2, wherein said casing adapter includes a side wall consisting of an upper section and a lower section, said upper and lower sections being connected by mechanical joint means and in that said equipment further comprises an extension piece to be inserted between said upper and lower section of said side wall whereby the distance the lower end of the rotary displacement bit projects ahead the toe of the casing means can be adjusted.
4. The equipment of claim 1, wherein said casing adapter further comprises means for producing fluid jets directed to flow within said casing adapter and said casing means.
5. The equipment of claim 1, further comprising casing oscillator means to be placed on the ground around the zone where the hole is to be bored, said casing oscillator means being adapted to oscillate said casing means.
6. The equipment of claim 1, further comprising a washing chamber comprising a lateral wall and means for producing a plurality of high pressure jets directed towards the interior of said lateral wall to wash said rotary displacement bit when it is disposed within said washing chamber.
7. The equipment of claim 6, wherein said washing chamber further comprises first connecting means disposed at the upper end of said lateral wall for connection to the lower end of said casing adapter and second connection means disposed at the lower end of said lateral wall for connection with the upper end of said casing means.
8. The equipment of claim 1, wherein said casing adapter and the top of said casing are provided with means to secure in rotation said casing adapter to said casing whereby said casing is rotated by said adapter.
9. The equipment of claim 2, wherein said casing adapter includes a side wall consisting of an upper section and a lower section, said upper and lower sections being connected by mechanical joint means and in that said equipment further comprises an extension piece to be inserted between said upper and lower section of said side wall whereby the distance the lower end of the rotary displacement bit projects ahead the toe of the casing means can be adjusted.
10. The equipment of claim 9, wherein said casing adapter further comprises means for producing fluid jets directed to flow within said casing adapter and said casing means.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An imaging apparatus comprising:
an imaging plate having a front face into which light enters and a back face having a middle region including a center and a peripheral region surrounding the middle region;
a retaining plate having a retaining face configured to retain said imaging plate from said back face side; and
an intermediate member disposed between said peripheral region and said retaining face by being fixed to said imaging plate and said retaining plate;
wherein said intermediate member does not extend between
at least a part of said middle region, and
at least a part of a facing region on a plane extended from said retaining face, the facing region facing said middle region, and a void is formed therebetween;
and wherein an arithmetic difference between a linear expansion coefficient of said imaging plate and a linear expansion coefficient of said intermediate member is less than an arithmetic difference between a linear expansion coefficient of said retaining plate and the linear expansion coefficient of said intermediate member.
2. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic difference between the linear expansion coefficient of said imaging plate and the linear expansion coefficient of said intermediate member is less than the arithmetic difference between the linear expansion coefficient of said imaging plate and the linear expansion coefficient of said retaining plate.
3. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of said intermediate member is half or greater of the distance between said retaining face and said peripheral region.
4. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said intermediate member is provided between said peripheral region and said retaining face in a state of having been separated into a plurality.
5. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a buffer member provided between said intermediate member and said retaining face;
wherein a Young’s modulus of said buffer member is 100 MPa or less and the thickness of said buffer member being 0.1 mm or greater.
6. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a circuit member electrically connected to said imaging plate;
wherein said circuit member is fixed to said intermediate member.
7. The imaging apparatus according to claim 6, said intermediate member having an extending portion extending to the outer side of said peripheral region, wherein said circuit member is fixed to said extending portion.
8. The imaging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said circuit member is disposed between said intermediate member and said peripheral region.
9. The imaging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said imaging plate and said circuit member are electrically connected by bonding wire.
10. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the primary material of said imaging plate and said intermediate member is silicon.
11. The imaging apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the thickness of said intermediate member is 0.5 mm or greater and 2.0 mm or smaller.
12. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the primary material of said retaining plate is a nonmagnetic metal.
13. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said front face forms a concave face.
14. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the area of said front face is 300 mm2 or greater.
15. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the area of said front face is 10,000 mm2 or greater.
16. An imaging system comprising:
an imaging apparatus according to claim 1; and
a signal processing apparatus to which output signals from said imaging apparatus are input, and which processes said output signals and outputs image signals.
17. An imaging apparatus comprising:
an imaging plate, having a front face into which light enters, and a back face having a middle region including a center and a peripheral region surrounding the middle region;
a retaining plate having a retaining face configured to retain said imaging plate from said back face side; and
an intermediate member disposed between said peripheral region and said retaining face by being fixed to said imaging plate and said retaining plate;
wherein the area of said front face is 300 mm2 or greater;
and wherein said intermediate member does not extend to between
at least a part of said middle region, and
at least a part of a facing region on a plane extended from said retaining face, said middle region, and a void is formed therebetween;
and wherein the primary material of said imaging plate and said intermediate member is silicon, and the primary material of said retaining plate is a nonmagnetic metal.
18. The imaging apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the thickness of said intermediate member is 0.5 mm or greater and 2.0 mm or less, and the area of said front face is 10,000 mm2 or greater.
19. The imaging apparatus according to claim 17, further comprising:
a buffer member provided between said intermediate member and said retaining face;
wherein a Young’s modulus of said buffer member is 100 MPa or smaller and the thickness of said buffer member being 0.1 mm or greater.
20. An imaging system comprising:
an imaging apparatus according to claim 17; and
a signal processing apparatus to which output signals form said imaging apparatus are input, and which processes said output signals and outputs image signals.