1. An electric camera comprising:
an image sensing device with a light receiving sensor having an array of pixels arranged vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern, in an N number of vertically arranged pixel lines, wherein N is equal to or greater than three times a number of effective scanning lines M of a display screen;
a signal processing unit, that generates image signals by using the output signals of the image sensing device; and
a display unit with a display screen, to display an image corresponding to the image signals;
wherein during monitoring in a static image mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by mixing or culling signal charges accumulated in the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines to provide pixel lines only at pixel intervals of K1 pixels;
wherein during recording in a moving video mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by mixing or culling signal charges accumulated in the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines to provide pixel lines only at pixel intervals of K2 pixels, a value of K1 being different from a value of K2; and
wherein during recording in the static image mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by using all signal charges accumulated in the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines, to provide N pixel lines.
2. An electric camera according to the claim 1, wherein the value K1 is larger than the value K2.
3. An electric camera according to the claim 1, wherein during the moving video mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by using the signal charges mixed or culled at pixel intervals of K2 pixels.
4. An electric camera according to the claim 3, comprising:
an image-instability detector which detects an image-instability of the electric camera;
wherein the signal processing unit generates image signals by using the part of signal charges mixed or culled at pixel intervals of K2 pixels, the part being changed according to an amount of image-instability detected by the instability detector to correct the image-instability, during a moving video mode.
5. An electric camera comprising:
an image sensing device with a light receiving sensor having an array of pixels arranged vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern, in an N number of vertically arranged pixel lines;
a signal processing unit that generates image signals by processing the output signals of the image sensing device; and
a display unit with a display screen, that displays an image corresponding to the image signals;
wherein when recording an image in a static image mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by using all signal charges accumulated in all N number of vertically arranged pixel lines of the image sensing device, to provide N pixel lines;
wherein when monitoring an image in a static image mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by using pixel lines that have been mixed or culled from the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines to only include pixel lines separated from one another by intervals of a first distance; and
wherein when recording an image in a moving video mode, the signal processing unit generates image signals by using a portion of, or the entirety of, pixel lines which have been mixed or culled from the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines to only include pixel lines separated from one another by intervals of a second distance, where the second distance is different from the first distance.
6. An electric camera according to the claim 5,
wherein when recording an image in the moving video mode, the pixel lines do not include one or more pixel lines at a top andor bottom of the sensor, and the portion of the pixel lines used does not include one or more pixels at a left extreme andor right extreme of the pixel lines.
7. An electric camera according to the claim 5, further comprising:
an image-instability detector which detects an image-instability of the electric camera; and
wherein when recording in the moving video mode, in order to correct the image-instability, the signal processing unit generates image signals by changing the pixel lines used, and the portion of the pixel lines used, according to an amount of image-instability detected by the instability detector.
8. An electric camera according to the claim 5, wherein a value of the first distance is larger than a value of the second distance.
9. An electric camera according to the claim 5, wherein N is equal to or greater than a product of a fixed parameter multiplied by a number of effective scanning lines M of a display screen
10. An electric camera according to the claim 9, wherein the fixed parameter is equal to three.
11. A method for operating an electric camera, wherein the electric camera includes the features of
an image sensing device with a light receiving surface having an array of pixels arranged vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern with an N number of vertically arranged pixel lines,
a signal processing unit that generates image signals by processing the output signals of the image sensing device, and
a display unit with a display screen that displays an image corresponding to the image signals, the method comprising:
selecting between the static image mode and a moving video mode, and when in a static image mode, selecting an operation from a list including (1) recording an image in a static image mode, and (2) monitoring an image in the static image mode;
upon selecting the operation of recording an image in the static image mode, using the signal processing unit to generate image signals by using all signal charges accumulated in all N number of vertically arranged pixel lines of the image sensing device, to provide N pixel lines;
upon selecting the operation of monitoring an image in the static image mode, using the signal processing unit to generate image signals by using pixel lines which have been mixed or culled from the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines of the image sensing device to provide only pixel lines separated from one another by intervals of a given distance; and
upon selecting the operation of recording an image in the moving video mode, using the signal processing unit to generate image signals by using a portion of, or the entirety of, the N number of vertically arranged pixel lines which have been mixed or culled to provide only pixel lines separated from one another by intervals of a second distance, wherein a value of the second distance is different from a value of the first distance.
12. A method for operating an electric camera of claim 11,
wherein when recording an image in the moving video mode, the pixel lines do not include one or more pixel lines at a top andor bottom of the sensor, and the portion of the pixel lines used does not include one or more pixels at a left extreme andor right extreme of the pixel lines.
13. A method for operating an electric camera of claim 11,
wherein when recording in the moving video mode, in order to correct image-instability, the signal processing unit generates image signals by changing the pixel lines used, and the portion of the pixel lines used, according to an amount of image-instability detected by a instability detector which detects an image-instability of the electric camera.
14. A method for operating an electric camera of claim 11, wherein the value of the first distance is larger than the value of the second distance.
15. A method for operating an electric camera of claim 11, wherein N is equal to or greater than a product of a fixed parameter multiplied by a number of effective scanning lines M of a display screen.
16. A method for operating an electric camera of claim 15, wherein the fixed parameter is equal to three.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A stable aqueous solution for the production of fire resistant glazings comprising:
at least one alkali metal silicate;
water; and
at least one additive comprising a quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula 1:
R1R2R3R4N+OH\u2212\u2003\u20031
wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or groups having the general formula \u2014CH2n-N+R5R6R7 wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 12, the group \u2014CH2n- may be hydroxy-substituted, and R5, R6 and R7 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups or hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that at least one of the groups R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 represents a hydroxy-substituted alkyl group or a hydroxy-substituted alkaryl group comprising at least 2 carbon atoms wherein the hydroxy substituent is not located on a carbon atom which is bonded to a nitrogen atom; and wherein
the additive comprises at least two hydroxy substituents; and
at least one of the groups R1-7 comprises at least two hydroxy substituents.
2. The aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups, or hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
3. The aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups, or hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
4. The aqueous solution according to claim 1, wherein the additive is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the solution.
5. A transparent intumescent interlayer for the production of fire resistant glazings comprising:
at least one alkali metal silicate,
water; and
at least one additive comprising a quaternary ammonium compound having the general formula 1:
R1R2R3R4N+OH\u2212\u2003\u20031
wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or groups having the general formula \u2014CH2n-N+R5R6R7 wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 12, the group \u2014CH2n- may be hydroxy-substituted, and R5, R6 and R7 which may be the same or different represent alkyl groups, hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups, alkaryl groups or hydroxy-substituted alkaryl groups comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that at least one of the groups R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 represents a hydroxy-substituted alkyl group or a hydroxy-substituted alkaryl group comprising at least 2 carbon atoms wherein the hydroxy substituent is not located on a carbon atom which is bonded to a nitrogen atom; and wherein
the additive comprises at least two hydroxy substituents; and
at least one of the groups R1-7 comprises at least two hydroxy substituents.
6. The interlayer according to claim 5, wherein the interlayer comprises from 10 to 50% by weight of water.
7. A fire resistant glazing comprising at least one interlayer according to claim 5 attached to at least one glass sheet.
8. A fire resistant glazing assembly comprising at least one fire resistant glazing according to claim 7 attached to a frame.