1. Geodetic target, comprising:
an orienting device with a bearing direction;
a first inclinometer with a first axis of inclination, the first inclinometer configured to determine an inclination of the geodetic target about the first axis of inclination;
a reflector configured to reflect a first portion of a measurement beam that is generated by a source external to the geodetic target and that is incident on the reflector, the reflector configured to reflect the first portion of the measurement beam in a direction substantially towards the source;
an imaging optics configured to focus a second portion of the measurement beam that is incident on the imaging optics;
a matrix sensor, whose receiving surface is situated in an image plane of the imaging optics, the imaging optics configured to focus the second portion of the measurement beam in an image point on the matrix sensor; and
an interface, which is connected to the first inclinometer and the matrix sensor;
wherein a spatial arrangement and orientation of an axis of symmetry of the reflector relative to the bearing direction of the orienting device is predetermined;
wherein the first axis of inclination makes an angle a different from zero with an optical axis of the imaging optics;
wherein the optical axis of the imaging optics coincides with the axis of symmetry of the reflector or is parallel to it;
wherein a location of the image point on the matrix sensor is dependent on an orientation of the reflector relative to the second portion of the measurement beam; and
wherein the interface is designed to put out signals received from the first inclinometer and the matrix sensor to determine a spatial orientation of the reflector relative to a target point lying in the bearing direction.
2. Geodetic target according to claim 1,
wherein the orienting device is a range finder that includes a laser range finder or a laser projector or a camera or a display or a video projector; and
wherein the interface is connected to the orienting device and designed to put out the signals received from the first inclinometer, the matrix sensor and the orienting device to determine a spatial position and the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point.
3. Geodetic target according to claim 2,
wherein the geodetic target further comprises a second inclinometer with a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the second inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero; or
wherein the first inclinometer has a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the first inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero.
4. Geodetic target according to claim 2, further comprising a control system configured to receive the signals put out by the interface, which control system uses the signals to determine the spatial position and the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point.
5. Geodetic target according to claim 2, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
6. Geodetic target according to claim 1,
wherein the orienting device is a survey rod or a ranging rod or a rover rod or a tool or a drill or a spacer; and
wherein the interface is designed to put out the signals received by the first inclinometer and the matrix sensor, as well as an arrangement and dimensioning of the orienting device, to determine a spatial position and the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point.
7. Geodetic target according to claim 6, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
8. Geodetic target according to claim 1, comprising at least two reflectors with corresponding imaging optics as well as a mirror arrangement, wherein the mirror arrangement is situated along the optical axes of the imaging optics between the imaging optics and the matrix sensor.
9. Geodetic target according to claim 8, further comprising a filter arranged between the receiving surface of the matrix sensor and the imaging optics or between the receiving surface of the matrix sensor and the reflector.
10. Geodetic target according to claim 8,
wherein the geodetic target further comprises a second inclinometer with a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the second inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero; or
wherein the first inclinometer has a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the first inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero.
11. Geodetic target according to claim 8, further comprising a control system configured to receive the signals put out by the interface, which control system uses the signals to determine the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point.
12. Geodetic target according to claim 8, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
13. Geodetic target according to claim 1, further comprising a filter arranged between the receiving surface of the matrix sensor and the imaging optics or between the receiving surface of the matrix sensor and the reflector.
14. Geodetic target according to claim 1,
wherein the geodetic target further comprises a second inclinometer with a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the second inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero; or
wherein the first inclinometer has a second axis of inclination, wherein the first axis of inclination of the first inclinometer and the second axis of inclination of the first inclinometer make an angle \u03b2 different from zero.
15. Geodetic target according to claim 14, further comprising a control system configured to receive the signals put out by the interface, which control system uses the signals to determine the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point.
16. Geodetic target according to claim 14, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
17. Geodetic target according to claim 1, further comprising a control system configured to receive the signals put out by the interface, which control system uses the signals to determine the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point based on the inclination of the geodetic target about the first axis of inclination and a position of the image point on the matrix sensor.
18. Geodetic target according to claim 17, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
19. Geodetic target according to claim 1, wherein the geodetic target is integrated in a helmet, a projector, or a machine tool.
20. Position determining system for geodesy, comprising:
a geodetic target according to claim 1, and
a geodetic instrument;
wherein the geodetic instrument comprises a measurement device configured to determine a spatial position of the reflector relative to the geodetic instrument; and
wherein the geodetic instrument comprises a control system, which is designed to receive the signals put out by the interface of the geodetic target and to use the signals, as well as the spatial position determined by the measurement device of the reflector relative to the geodetic instrument to determine a relative position of the target point to the geodetic instrument.
21. Position determining system according to claim 20,
wherein the geodetic instrument comprises a location determining device that determines an absolute position of the geodetic instrument; and
wherein the control system of the geodetic instrument is designed to receive the signals put out by the interface of the geodetic target and to use the signals as well as the spatial position of the reflector as determined by the measurement device and the absolute position of the geodetic instrument as determined by the location determining device, to determine an absolute position of the target point.
22. Position determining system according to claim 20, wherein the control system of the geodetic instrument and the interface of the geodetic target are designed to synchronize the determination of the spatial position of the reflector by the measurement device with the putting out of the signals by the interface to determine the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point lying in the bearing direction.
23. Method for establishing target points by using the position determining system according to claim 20, having the following steps:
orienting the bearing direction of the geodetic target to the target point;
determining the spatial position of the reflector of the geodetic target relative to the geodetic instrument;
determining the spatial position of the target point relative to the reflector; and
determining the spatial position of the target point relative to the geodetic instrument.
24. Method according to claim 23, further comprising marking of the target point by means of a laser beam or a video projection or indication of a display by the geodetic target.
25. Geodetic target according to claim 1, wherein the interface is configured to use the signals to determine the spatial orientation of the reflector relative to the target point based on the inclination of the geodetic target about the first axis of inclination and a position of the image point on the matrix sensor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A radioisotope production gas target comprising:
a target chamber that is shaped of a hollow cylinder and has a plurality of inner fins protruding from an inner surface thereof along a length thereof; and
a body that is shaped of a hollow cylinder enclosing the target chamber, having a target gas inlet for feeding target gas to a hollow region of the target chamber, a target gas outlet for collecting the target gas after a nuclear reaction occurs, and a first coolant inlet and a first coolant outlet for respectively feeding and discharging a coolant flowing along an outer surface of the target chamber, and including a thin metal sheet in a front thereof through which a beam of protons passes.
2. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1, wherein the body includes:
a front adaptor that is shaped of a ring, a central part of which is bored, and which has a circular groove on a radial outer side of the central part, that has the target gas inlet communicating with the bored central part in a front surface of the front adaptor and the first coolant inlet communicating with the groove in a rear surface of the front adaptor, and that is coupled to a front end of the target chamber such that the bored central part communicates with hollow region of the target chamber with the groove facing the target chamber;
a rear adaptor that is coupled to a rear end of the target chamber, which includes the target gas outlet in an outer circumference thereof communicating with the hollow region of the target chamber, and which includes at least one slot in an inner circumference thereof at a portion where the rear adaptor is coupled with the target chamber;
casings coupled between the front adaptor and the rear adaptor so as to enclose an outside of the groove of the front adaptor and an outside of the slot of the rear adaptor;
a front flange having a grid structure supporting a thin metal sheet and coupled to a front surface of the front adaptor; and
a rear flange having the first coolant outlet and coupled to a rear surface of the rear adaptor, and
wherein the thin metal sheet is disposed between the front adaptor and the front flange.
3. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner fins protrude from the inner surface of the target chamber along the length of the target chamber.
4. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the target chamber is formed by coupling a plurality of target chamber units having at least one of the inner fins.
5. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 4, wherein the target chamber units are coupled with each other by welding.
6. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the target chamber includes a plurality of outer fins protruding from the outer surface thereof along the length thereof.
7. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the target chamber includes a plurality of outer fins protruding from the outer surface thereof along the length thereof and is formed by coupling a plurality of target chamber units having at least one of the inner fins and at least one of the outer fins.
8. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the target chamber includes a plurality of outer fins protruding from the outer surface thereof along the length thereof and is formed by coupling a plurality of target chamber units having at least one of the inner fins and at least one of the outer fins, and the target chamber units are coupled with each other by welding.
9. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 2, wherein the front flange includes a groove formed around the grid structure, and a cover member covering a front of the groove, and has second coolant inlet and outlet in an outer circumference thereof.
10. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 9, wherein the second coolant inlet and outlet are formed so as to be opposite to each other.
11. The radioisotope production gas target as set forth in claim 2, wherein the rear adaptor includes a concave space recessed from a portion where the rear adaptor is coupled to the rear end of the target chamber.