1. A secondary battery system comprising:
a battery module having at least one lithium ion battery;
a measuring device for measuring a voltage and a temperature of the battery module;
a state of charge detection device for detecting a state of charge based on the voltage; and
a charge-discharge control device;
wherein an estimated battery resistance of the battery module is calculated based on a standard battery resistance, a standard initial battery resistance, and a measured initial battery resistance.
2. The secondary battery system of claim 1, wherein
the standard battery resistance is calculated based on a standard operating condition of the battery module.
3. The secondary battery system of claim 2, wherein
the standard initial battery resistance is calculated based on a standard initial condition of the battery module.
4. The secondary battery system of claim 3, wherein
the measured initial battery resistance is calculated based on a measured initial condition of the battery module.
5. The secondary battery system of claim 4, wherein
the charge-discharge control device calculates the estimated battery resistance using the formula (R\u2032\xd7R0)R0\u2032,
wherein R\u2032 is the standard battery resistance, R0\u2032 is the standard initial battery resistance, and R0 is the measured initial battery resistance.
6. The secondary battery system of claim 5, wherein
the standard battery resistance is calculated based on the voltage and a current through the battery module during the standard operating condition.
7. The secondary battery system of claim 6, wherein
the standard initial battery resistance and the measured initial battery resistance are determined based on data stored in a storage device,
wherein the data include the voltage and the temperature.
8. The secondary battery system of claim 7, wherein
the charge-discharge control device sets a current to supply to the battery module based on the estimated battery resistance.
9. The secondary battery system of claim 8, wherein
the charge-discharge control device stops if the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
10. The secondary battery system of claim 9, wherein
the charge-discharge control device reinitiates the current supplied to the battery module, when the state of charge is less than or equal to a threshold value.
11. The secondary battery system of claim 10, wherein
the estimated battery resistance is updated when the charge-discharge control device reinitiates the current supplied to the battery module.
12. The secondary battery system of claim 2, wherein
the standard operating condition is a condition in which the battery module does not degrade excessively.
13. An control method for a secondary battery system with a battery module having at least one lithium ion battery, comprising;
measuring a voltage and a temperature of the battery module;
detecting a state of charge based on the voltage; and
calculating an estimated battery resistance of the battery module based on a standard battery resistance, a standard initial battery resistance, and a measured initial battery resistance.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A damage-free card connector for inserting an electronic card, said card having corresponding terminals, said card connector comprising:
a shell having an opening formed at its front end for inserting said card, a plurality of terminals disposed thereto and extending therein for electrical connection with said corresponding terminals of said card, and a slidable frame mounted inside for reciprocating movement by a force, said slidable frame having a predetermined shape for either pushing by a corresponding card to said shape or passing by another card, said slidable frame having a plurality of recesses formed at its bottom side, and a jacking portion and a pressing portion respectively formed behind said recesses, a set of said terminals extending through said recesses and into said slidable frame; and
an injectingejecting means mounted in said shell and working on said slidable frame for keeping said slidable frame in an injecting position or an ejecting position.
2. The card connector as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell comprises a base and a cover plate.
3. The card connector as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell comprises a plurality of recesses formed thereon; parts of said terminals are partially jammed in said recesses.
4. The card connector as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell comprises two slidable frames arranged one after the other respectively for accommodating relatively narrower and wider cards.
5. The card connector as defined in claim 4 further comprising another slidable frame located between said opening of said shell and said two slidable frames for accommodating relatively wider card.
6. The card connector as defined in claim 1, wherein said shell comprises two slidable frames arranged one after the other respectively for accommodating relatively thinner and thicker cards.
7. The card connector as defined in claim 6 further comprising another slidable frame located between said opening of said shell and said two slidable frames for accommodating relatively thicker card
8. The card connector as defined in claim 1, wherein said slidable frame comprises an action spot, said slidable frame being pushed by an inserted card working on said action spot.