1. A method for the continuous cooking of cellulose pulp, comprising:
providing an impregnation vessel in fluid communication with a digester,
feeding a mixture of chips and process fluid to the impregnation vessel,
impregnating the chips at a predetermined impregnation temperature Timp,
feeding the impregnated chips together with a circulation fluid through a transfer line to a top separator on the digester,
cooking the chips at a predetermined cooking temperature, Tdig,
where Timp is at least 20\xb0 C. lower than Tdig,
withdrawing a fraction of the circulation fluid at the top separator,
returning the circulation fluid to a bottom of the impregnation vessel via a return line,
withdrawing black liquor from the digester at a withdrawal location to a black liquor line that essentially maintains the cooking temperature, Tdig, and essentially a full digester pressure with a first level of residual alkali,
providing a heat exchanger in direct operative engagement with both the return line and the black liquor line for exchanging heat between the return line and the black liquor line, the heat exchanger cooling the black liquor in the black liquor line by 10-15 \xb0 C. after passing through the heat exchanger,
withdrawing more than 1 m3ton wood andor at least 25% of a total withdrawal for recovery (RECtot) from the circulation fluid for recovery (REC1),
the heat exchanger heating the circulation fluid in the return line,
leading the black liquor in the black liquor line to an upper section of the impregnation vessel after passing through the heat exchanger, the black liquor contributing to an establishment of a fluid-to-wood (fw) ratio that exceeds 4 in the impregnation vessel,
obtaining more than 40% of the fw ratio in the impregnation vessel from the black liquor in the black liquor line, providing the circulation fluid in the return line with a second level of residual alkali,
ensuring that the first level of residual alkali is at least 10 gl higher that the second level of residual alkali, and consuming at least 60 kg NaOH per ton of wood of alkali in the impregnation vessel.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the first level of residual alkali is greater than 20gl.
3. The method according to claim 2 wherein the first level of residual alkali is withdrawn from the digester after a retention time in the digester of at least 30 minutes.
4. The method according to claim 2 wherein the second level of residual alkali lies within an interval of 5-10 gl.
5. The method according to claim 4 wherein the chips are given a retention time during the impregnation of at least 40 minutes in the impregnation vessel.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein white liquor is added at a top of the digester, the addition of white liquor increases a quantity of OH31 by at least 10 gl andor is equivalent to at least 50% of a total addition of white liquor for impregnation and cooking.
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein a withdrawal of fluid for recovery (REC2) is carried out from a location in the digester at which the pulp has had a retention time in the digester that exceeds a retention time for the withdrawal of black liquor at the withdrawal location by at least 60 minutes.
8. A method for the continuous cooking of cellulose pulp, comprising:
providing an impregnation vessel in fluid communication with a digester,
feeding a mixture of chips and process fluid to the impregnation vessel,
feeding the impregnated chips together with a circulation fluid through a transfer line to a top separator on the digester,
cooking the chips in the digester,
withdrawing a fraction of the circulation fluid at the top separator,
returning the fraction of the circulation fluid to a bottom of the impregnation vessel via a return line,
withdrawing black liquor from the digester at a withdrawal location to a black liquor line,
providing a heat exchanger in direct operative engagement with both the return line and the black liquor line for exchanging heat between the return line and the black liquor line, the heat exchanger cooling the black liquor in the black liquor line after passing through the heat exchanger,
the heat exchanger heating the circulation fluid in the return line, and
leading the black liquor in the black liquor line to an upper section of the impregnation vessel after passing through the heat exchanger.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound having the structure:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from amino acid side chain moieties and derivatives thereof; A is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-3\u2014, \u2014(CH2)1-2O\u2014 and \u2014(CH2)1-2S\u2014; B is N; C is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014(CH2)1-3\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)1-2- and \u2014S(CH2)1-2\u2014; Y and Z represent the remainder of the molecule; and any two adjacent CH groups of the bicyclic ring may form a double bond.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein the bicyclic ring is saturated.
3. The compound of claim 2 having the structure
wherein p is an integer from 1 to 3.
4. The compound of claim 3 having the structure
5. The compound of claim 3 having the structure
6. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is selected from a lower chain alkyl moiety, a lower chain aryl moiety and a lower chain aralkyl moiety.
7. The compound of claim 6 wherein R1 is a lower chain aralkyl moiety.
8. The compound of claim 7 wherein the lower chain aralkyl moiety is selected from \u2014CH2phenyl and \u2014CH(phenyl)2.
9. The compound of claim 1 wherein Y and Z are independently chosen from amino acids, \u03b2-sheet mimetics, suitable terminating moieties, amino acid side chain moieties, and amino acid side chain derivatives.
10. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1, Y, and Z are independently chosen from straight chain or branched, cyclic or noncyclic, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated lower chain alkyl, aryl or aralkyl moieties.
11. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1, Y, and Z are independently chosen from:
(i) the side chain moieties of 3,5-dibromotyrosine, 3,5-diiodotyrosine, hydroxylysine, naphthylalanine, thienylalanine, \u03b3-carboxyglutamate, phosphotyrosine, phosphoserine; and
(ii) \u2014H, \u2014CH3, \u2014CH(CH3)2, \u2014CH2CH(CH3)2, \u2014CH(CH3)CH2CH3, \u2014(CH2)3NHC(NH2)NH2+
\u2003\u2014CH2COO\u2212, \u2014CH2CH2COO\u2212, \u2014CH2CONH2, \u2014CH2CH2CONH2,
\u2003\u2014CH2SH, \u2014CH2CH2SCH3, \u2014CH2OH, \u2014CH(OH)CH3.
12. The compound of claim 1 wherein Y is chosen from \u2014H, \u2014OH, \u2014R, \u2014NHOH, \u2014NHNHR, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHR, \u2014CH2Cl, \u2014CF3, \u2014C2F5, \u2014CHN2,
wherein R is a C1-C8 alkyl moiety, aryl moiety, or a heterocyclic moiety.
13. The compound of claim 1 wherein Y groups have the structure:
wherein
R4 groups are organoamine moieties having from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms and at least one nitrogen atom; and
R5 is selected from (a) alkyl of 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with 1-4 of halide, C1-5alkoxy and nitro, (b) \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014C1-5alkyl, wherein the alkyl group is optionally substituted with halide or C1-5alkoxy, (c) \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014C1-10aralkyl where the aryl group may be optionally substituted with up to five groups independently selected from nitro, halide, \u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)C1-5alkyl, \u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)C6-10aryl, C1-5alkyl and C1-5alkoxy, and (d) monocyclic and bicyclic heteroaryl of 4 to about 11 ring atoms, where the ring atoms are selected from carbon and the heteroatoms oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and where the heteroaryl ring may be optionally substituted with up to about 4 of halide, C1-5alkyl, C1-5alkoxy, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHC1-5alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHC6-10aryl, amino, \u2014C(\u2550O)OC1-5alkyl and \u2014C(\u2550O)OC6-10aryl.
14. The compound of claim 13 wherein R4 is:
15. The compound of claim 13 wherein R4 is selected from:
wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl, halogen and hydroxymethyl.
16. The compound of claim 13 wherein R4 is:
17. The compound of claim 13, wherein R5 is chosen from:
wherein
R6 is chosen from hydrogen, nitro, halide, NH\u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014C1-5alkyl, NH\u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014C6-10aryl, C1-C5alkyl and C1-C5 alkoxy;
X is halide; and
E is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014 or \u2014S\u2014 and R7 and R8 are independently selected from hydrogen, C1-5alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)OC1-5alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)OC6-10aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHC1-5alkyl and \u2014C(\u2550O)NHC6-10aryl.
18. The compound of claim 13 wherein R5 is a heterocyclic moiety selected from pyridine, pyran, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, benzthiazole, oxazole, benzoxazole, imidazole and benzimidazole.
19. The compound of claim 18 wherein the heterocyclic moiety is benzthiazole.
20. The compound of claim 13 wherein Z is chosen from \u2014H, \u2014OH, \u2014R, \u2014C(\u2550O)R and \u2014SO2R, wherein R is a C1-C8 alkyl moiety or an aryl moiety.
21. The compound of claim 20 wherein Z is selected from \u2014H and \u2014SO2phenyl.
22. A composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
23. A method for inhibiting a protease, kinase, CAAX, SH2, or MHC in a warm-blooded animal, comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of the compound of claim 1.