1. A water-soluble polymer having the structure:
wherein:
POLY is a water-soluble polymer segment,
b is 0 or 1,
s is an integer ranging from 0 to 20,
R3 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, and substituted cycloalkyl, and
T is a hydrolytically stable linker comprising at least 3 contiguous saturated carbon atoms.
2. The polymer of claim 1, where s is from 2 to 8.
3. The polymer of claim 1, wherein R3 is H.
4. The polymer of claim 1, wherein T is a saturated acyclic, cyclic or alicyclic hydrocarbon chain having a total of about 3 to about 20 carbon atoms.
5. A polymer of claim 1, having the structure:
where R1 and R2, in each occurrence, are each independently H or an organic radical that is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylenecycloalkyl, and substituted alkylenecycloalkyl, and y is an integer from 1 to about 20.
6. The polymer of claim 5, having the structure:
7. A polymer having the structure:
wherein:
POLY is a water-soluble polymer segment,
b is 0 or 1,
s is an integer ranging from 0 to 20,
R3 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, and substituted cycloalkyl, and
T is a hydrolytically stable linker comprising at least 3 contiguous saturated carbon atoms.
8. A polymer of claim 7, having the structure:
wherein R1 and R2, in each occurrence, are each independently H or an organic radical that is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, alkylenecycloalkyl, and substituted alkylenecycloalkyl, and y is an integer from 1 to about 20.
9. A conjugate fromed by reaction of a biologically active agent with the polymer of claim 1.
10. A conjugate formed by reaction of a biologically active agent with the polymer of claim 7.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Haemodialysis device comprising an extracorporeal circulatory system in which blood from a patient is passed via a blood supply line (5) to the blood chamber (3) of a haemodialyser (1), which is divided into two chambers by a semi-permeable membrane. (2, and from the blood chamber (3) to the patient via a blood return line (7) and comprising a blood pump (6) to supply the blood through the extracorporeal blood circulatory system,
comprising an addition unit (12, 24) for adding a substance to the blood of the patient,
comprising an ultra-filtration unit (22, 23) for withdrawing fluid from the second chamber (4) of the dialyser,
comprising a blood pressure measuring unit (13) for measuring the blood pressure of the patient,
comprising a control and evaluation unit (30) which is connected to the blood pump (6), the addition unit (12, 24), the ultrafiltration unit (22, 23) and the blood pressure measuring unit (13),
an output unit (32, 33) for outputting information which is connected to the control and evaluation unit (30),
comprising an input unit (32) for inputting data and instructions which is connected to the control and evaluation unit (30),
characterised in that
the input unit (32) comprises an emergency activating means (58) which, when actuated, delivers a signal to the control and evaluation unit (30), whereupon this requests a blood pressure measured value from the blood pressure measuring unit (13), instructs the addition unit (12, 24) to deliver the substance into the blood in a pre-determined fashion and instructs the output unit (32, 33) to display status information on the addition of the substance to the blood and the blood pressure measurement in an outward appearance (61, 63) different from the outward appearance shown during the treatment.
2. The haemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterised in that a dialysis fluid supply line (20) leading from a dialysis fluid preparation unit (24) is connected to the second chamber (4) of the haemodialyser (1) for the supply of dialysis fluid.
3. The haemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterised in that the dialysis fluid preparation unit (24) is connected to the control and evaluation unit (30).
4. The haemodialysis device according to claim 3, characterised in that the dialysis fluid preparation unit (24) is a part of the addition unit.
5. The haemodialysis device according to claim 4, characterised in that the substance is supplied to the blood via the semi-permeable membrane (2) of the haemodialyser (1).
6. The haemodialysis device according to claim 4, characterised in that the substance is supplied via a substituate line (26) which is connected to the dialysis fluid preparation unit (24) and the blood supply line (5) or the blood return line (7).
7. The haemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterised in that the information-outputting part of the output unit is implemented as a screen (33).
8. The haemodialysis device according to claim 7, characterised in that the screen (33) is constructed as a touch-sensitive screen.
9. The haemodialysis device according- to claim 8, characterised in that the emergency activating means (58) is an area on the screen designated by a characteristic symbol whose contact results in the emission of a signal.
10. The haemodialysis device according to claim 7, characterised in that after receipt of the signal, the control and evaluation unit (30) leaves the output unit (32) to make visible a previously non-visible output window (61, 63) for the simultaneous or subsequent display of the status information on the blood pressure measurement and substance addition on the screen (33).
11. The haemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterised in that after receipt of the signal the control and evaluation unit (30) instructs the ultra-filtration unit (22, 23) to reduce the ultra-filtration to a pre-determined reduced ultra-filtration rate value.
12. The haemodialysis device according to claim 11, characterised in that the reduced ultra-filtration rate value is zero.
13. The haemodialysis device according to claim 11, characterised in that the possibility of the control and evaluation unit (30) reducing the ultra-filtration on receipt of the signal can be activated or deactivated by the user via the input unit (32).
14. The haemodialysis device according to claim 13, characterised in that the reduced ultra-filtration rate value can be pre-determined by the user via the input unit (32).
15. The haemodialysis device according to claim 11, characterised in that on receipt of the signal, the control and evaluation unit (30) instructs the output unit (32) to display status information on the reduction of the ultra-filtration.
16. The haemodialysis device according to claim 15, characterised in that after receipt of the signal, the control and evaluation unit (30) leaves the output unit (32) to make visible the status information on the reduction of the ultra-filtration on the screen (33) in a previously non-visible output window.
17. The haemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterised in that after receipt of the signal, the control and evaluation unit (30) instructs the blood pump (6) to reduce the blood supply rate to a reduced blood supply rate value.
18. The haemodialysis device according to claim 17, characterised in that the possibility of the control and evaluation unit (30) reducing the blood supply rate on receipt of the signal can be activated and deactivated by the user via the input device (32).
19. The haemodialysis device according to claim 18, characterised in that the reduced blood supply rate can be pre-determined by the user via the input unit (32).
20. The haemodialysis device according to claim 17, characterised in that on receipt of the signal the control and evaluation unit (30) instructs-the output unit (32) to display status information on the reduction of the blood supply rate.
21. The haemodialysis device according to claim 20, characterised in that after receipt of the signal, the control and evaluation unit (30) leaves the output unit (32) to make visible status information on the reduction of the blood supply rate on the screen (33) in a previously non-visible output window.