1. An electrode material, wherein raw materials for preparing the electrode material comprise polyvinylidene fluoride and an additive, the additive can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate a conductive active substance; and the amount of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 50 to 99 mass percentage, and the amount of the additive is 1 to 50 mass percentage.
2. The electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the additive is one selected from potassium salt, potassium hydroxide and a strong oxidizing substance.
3. A preparation method for an electrode material, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride and an additive to obtain a mixed solution by virtue of an organic solvent, the additive can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate a conductive active substance, wherein the amount of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 50 to 99 mass percentage, and the amount of the additive is 1 to 50 mass percentage;
(2) coating a substrate with the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and drying the mixed solution to prepare a PVDF-based composite film; and
(3) performing an activating treatment on the PVDF-based composite film obtained in the step (2) to obtain the electrode material.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the step (1) comprises: uniformly mixing the polyvinylidene fluoride and the additive to obtain a mixed powder, and dissolving the mixed powder to obtain the mixed solution by virtue of the organic solvent.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the additive is one or more selected from potassium salt, potassium hydroxide and strong oxidizing substance.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the organic solvent is one selected from N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and N-methyl pyrrolidone.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the activating treatment comprises the following steps: performing a heat treatment on the PVDF-based composite film for 1 to 120 minutes at 80\xb0 C. to 250\xb0 C., then impregnating the PVDF-based composite film in an aqueous solution or alcoholic solution for 1 to 600 minutes, the aqueous solution or alcoholic solution is a solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or potassium permanganate, and finally performing a heat treatment on the PVDF-based composite film for 1 to 120 minutes at 80\xb0 C. to 250\xb0 C.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the aqueous solution or alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or potassium permanganate is at a concentration of 0.5 to 17.5 molL.
9. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the activating treatment comprises the following step of: depositing one or more metal selected from Au, Ag, Al, Fe and Ni on the PVDF-based composite film.
10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein a film sputtering deposition method is used for depositing one or more metal selected from Au, Ag, Al and Fe on the PVDF-based composite film; or an electroplating method is used for depositing one or more metal selected from Ag, Ni, Fe and Cu on the PVDF-based composite film.
11. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein a material of the substrate is one selected from graphite paper, carbon paper, conductive fibre cloth, aluminium foil, nickel foam, copper foil and glass.
12. A supercapacitor, comprising an electrode, wherein the electrode is prepared from the electrode material according to claim 1.
13. The supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the supercapacitor is a flexible supercapacitor, and the flexible supercapacitor further comprises: current collector and electrolyte, wherein the current collector is a substrate for preparing the electrode material, or a layer of conductive metal material arranged on the electrode material; and the electrolyte is a solid electrolyte functioning in conduction and bonding among the electrode.
14. The supercapacitor according to claim 13, wherein the conductive metal material is Au, Al or Ag.
15. The supercapacitor according to claim 13, wherein the solid electrolyte is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and an ionic compound, or is a polyvinyl-alcohol-based solid electrolyte.
16. The supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the supercapacitor is a button supercapacitor, and the button supercapacitor further comprises separator, electrolyte solution, negative battery shell cover and positive battery shell cover, the separator and the electrode are arranged in the negative battery shell cover in a sequence of electrodeseparatorelectrode; the electrolyte solution is filled in the negative battery shell cover; and the positive battery shell cover is buckled to the negative battery shell cover.
17. The supercapacitor according to claim 12, wherein the supercapacitor is a wound supercapacitor, and the wound supercapacitor further comprises separator, columnar conductive rod, packaging shell and electrolyte solution, the separator and the electrode are arranged and wound on the two columnar conductive rods to form a blank product in a sequence of electrodeseparatorelectrode; and the blank product is arranged in the packaging shell filled with the electrolyte solution.
18. A preparation method for a button polyvinylidene fluoride based supercapacitor, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a polyvinylidene fluoride mixed solution,
namely uniformly mixing and drying the polyvinylidene fluoride and an additive, to obtain mixed powder, the additive can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate a conductive active substance, and dissolving the mixed powder to obtain the mixed solution by virtue of an organic solvent;
(2) preparing PVDF-based composite film,
namely coating substrate with the mixed solution, obtained in the step (1), of the polyvinylidene fluoride and the additive which can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate the conductive active substance, or pouring the mixed solution onto substrate, and drying the mixed solution to obtain the PVDF-based composite films;
(3) performing an activating treatment on the PVDF-based composite film to obtain electrode material,
namely performing the activating treatment on the PVDF-based composite film obtained in the step (2) by virtue of a physico-chemical process, thereby obtaining the electrode material for the button supercapacitor; and
(4) preparing the button supercapacitor,
namely adopting the PVDF-based composite film as the electrode material, arranging the electrode material and separator in a negative button battery shell cover in a sequence of electrode materialseparatorelectrode material, filling electrolyte solution into the negative battery shell cover, then buckling positive battery shell cover to the negative battery shell cover, and finally packaging the button device on a battery packaging machine to obtain the button supercapacitor.
19. The preparation method according to claim 18, wherein conductive flexible substrate which is graphite paper, carbon paper, nickel foam, aluminium foil or conductive fibre cloth is adopted as current collector, and the electrolyte solution filled in the negative button battery shell cover is inorganic electrolyte solution, organic electrolyte solution or ionic electrolyte solution.
20. A preparation method for a wound polyvinylidene fluoride based supercapacitor, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a polyvinylidene fluoride mixed solution,
namely uniformly mixing and drying the polyvinylidene fluoride and an additive, to obtain mixed powder, the additive can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate a conductive active substance according to a mass proportion, and dissolving the mixed powder to obtain the mixed solution by virtue of an organic solvent;
(2) preparing PVDF-based composite film,
namely coating substrate with the mixed solution, obtained in step (1), of the polyvinylidene fluoride and the additive which can be reacted with the polyvinylidene fluoride to generate the conductive active substance, or pouring the mixed solution onto substrate, and drying the mixed solution to obtain the PVDF-based composite film;
(3) performing an activating treatment on the PVDF-based composite film to obtain electrode material,
namely performing the activating treatment on the PVDF-based composite films obtained in the step (2) by virtue of a physico-chemical process, thereby obtaining the electrode material for the wound supercapacitor;
(4) obtaining a wound supercapacitor blank product,
namely adopting the PVDF-based composite film as the electrode material, arranging the electrode material and separator between two columnar conductive rods in a sequence of electrode materialseparatorelectrode material, and performing winding to obtain the blank product in a way that the electrode material are closely attached to the columnar conductive rods; and
(5) preparing the wound supercapacitor,
namely placing the wound blank product in a packaging shell with an upper inner cover and a lower inner cover, and performing packaging to obtain the wound supercapacitor after inorganic electrolyte solution, organic electrolyte solution or ionic electrolyte solution is filled.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A signaling system for mounting to an exterior surface of an emergency vehicle opposite an interior surface of the vehicle to which objects are mounted, the signaling system comprising:
a light bar comprising a plurality of signaling devices supported on and distributed along a base member and enclosed by a cover;
a plate secured to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle by one or more fasteners of a first type, which pass through the vehicle into its interior, the plate including a surface engaging the base member of the light bar such that the light bar is suspended from the plate with substantially the entire plate sandwiched between the light bar and the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle; and
one or more fasteners of a second type that do not pass through the surface of the vehicle into its interior for securing the light bar to the plate and thereby the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle such that the light bar can be removed from the exterior surface of the vehicle without removing the fasteners of the first type, which hold the plate to the vehicle.
2. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the plate includes an opening for communicating electrical wiring to the light bar.
3. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the one or more first type of fasteners comprise one or more bolts and mating nuts.
4. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the one or more second type of fasteners comprise one or more set screws supported on the light bar and engageable with the plate.
5. The signaling system of claim 4 wherein the one or more set screws engage a surface on the plate which is configured such that the light bar is drawn towards the plate as the set screws are moved into engagement with the plate.
6. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the one or more second type of fasteners comprise bolts that extend through the light bar and are received in corresponding recesses in the plate.
7. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the base member is further configured to receive fasteners of a third type that can be used to secure the light bar directly to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle.
8. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the one or more first type of fasteners comprise one or more bolts and mating nuts.
9. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the one or more second type of fasteners comprise one or more set screws supported on the light bar and engageable with the plate.
10. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the base member is further configured to receive fasteners of a third type that can be used to secure the light bar directly to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle.
11. The signaling system of claim 1 wherein the base member is further configured to receive fasteners of a third type that can be used to secure the light bar directly to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle.
12. A method for mounting a signaling system to a substantially vertical exterior surface of an emergency vehicle comprising, in any appropriate order, the steps of:
securing a plate to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle using one or more fasteners of a first type that pass through the vehicle into its interior;
suspending a light bar on the substantially vertical exterior surface of the emergency vehicle by engaging the light bar with a support surface on the plate such that the light bar is held in position on the substantially vertical exterior surface without any fasteners, the light bar comprising a plurality of signaling devices supported on and distributed along a base member and enclosed by a cover; and
securing the light bar to the plate using one or more fasteners of a second type which do not pass through the surface of the vehicle into its interior such that the light bar can be removed from the exterior surface of the vehicle without removing the fasteners of the first type.
13. The method of claim 12 further including the step of feeding electrical wiring associated with the light bar through an opening in the plate.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the one or more first type of fasteners comprise one or more bolts and mating nuts.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the one or more second type of fasteners comprise one or more set screws supported on the light bar and engageable with the plate.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the one or more set screws engage a surface on the plate which is configured such that the light bar is drawn towards the plate as the set screws are moved into engagement with the plate.
17. A signaling system for mounting to an exterior surface of an emergency vehicle opposite an interior surface of the vehicle to which objects are mounted, the signaling system comprising:
a light bar comprising a plurality of signaling devices supported on and distributed along a base member and enclosed by a cover;
a plate secured to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle by one or more fasteners of a first type, which pass through the vehicle into its interior, the plate including a surface engaging the base member of the light bar such that the light bar is suspended from the plate with the base member of the light bar engaging the exterior surface of the motor vehicle; and
one or more fasteners of a second type that do not pass through the surface of the vehicle into its interior for securing the light bar to the plate and thereby the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle such that the light bar can be removed from the exterior surface of the vehicle without removing the fasteners of the first type, which hold the plate to the vehicle.
18. The signaling system of claim 17 wherein the plate includes an opening for communicating electrical wiring to the light bar.
19. The signaling system of claim 17 wherein the plate includes an opening for communicating electrical wiring to the light bar.
20. A signaling system for mounting to an exterior surface of an emergency vehicle opposite an interior surface of the vehicle to which objects are mounted, the signaling system comprising:
a light bar comprising a plurality of signaling devices supported on and distributed along a base member and enclosed by a cover;
a plate secured to the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle by one or more fasteners of a first type, which pass through the vehicle into its interior, the plate including a surface engaging the base member of the light bar such that as the light bar is suspended from the plate the light bar is drawn towards the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle; and
one or more fasteners of a second type that do not pass through the surface of the vehicle into its interior for securing the light bar to the plate and thereby the exterior surface of the emergency vehicle such that the light bar can be removed from the exterior surface of the vehicle without removing the fasteners of the first type, which hold the plate to the vehicle.