1. A face mask comprising:
an elastic sheet defining:
an inner surface,
an outer surface,
an elongated shape forming a central portion and opposing first and second lateral end portions extending from opposite sides, respectively, of the central portion,
a first aperture in the first lateral end portion,
a second aperture in the second lateral end portion,
at least one cut-out through a thickness of the elastic sheet in the central portion;
a filtering web forming at least one pleat, the filtering web being bonded to the outer surface of the elastic sheet along a perimeter bondline;
wherein a chamber region is at least partially established by the filtering web and is bordered by the perimeter bondline;
and further wherein the at least one cut-out is fluidly open to the chamber region.
2. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the face mask is configured to provide a worn state in which the inner surface is placed against the user’s face, and a mouth and at least a portion of a nose of the user are inserted through the at least one cut-out.
3. The face mask of claim 2, wherein the face mask is configured to form a substantially continuous line of contact with a user’s face in the worn state that circumscribes the chamber region.
4. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the elongated shape of the elastic sheet in a flattened state defines a transverse direction generally extending between the first and second apertures, and a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction, and further wherein the at least one pleat includes a first vertical pleat having a fold line substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
5. The face mask of claim 4, wherein the fold line runs continuously from a first location at the perimeter bondline to a second location on the perimeter bondline opposite the first location.
6. The face mask of claim 4, wherein the at least one pleat includes a second vertical pleat having a fold line substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
7. The face mask of claim 6, wherein the elongated shape defines a centerline in the longitudinal direction and bi-secting the central portion, and further wherein the first and second vertical pleats are located at opposite sides of the centerline.
8. The face mask of claim 6, wherein the first and second vertical pleats are configured to cause the elastic sheet to comply with contours of a user’s nose root region in the worn state.
9. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the elongated shape of the elastic sheet in a flattened state defines a transverse direction generally extending between the first and second apertures, and a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction, and further wherein the at least one pleat includes a horizontal pleat having a fold line substantially parallel to the transverse direction.
10. The face mask of claim 9, wherein the at least one pleat includes a second horizontal pleat having a fold line substantially parallel to the transverse direction.
11. The face mask of claim 9, wherein the at least one pleat includes a first vertical pleat having a fold line substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction.
12. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the elongated shape of the elastic sheet in a flattened state defines a transverse direction generally extending between the first and second apertures, a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction, and a centerline in the vertical longitudinal and bi-secting the central portion, and further wherein an edge of the face mask tapers in height from the centerline toward the first and second lateral end portions.
13. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the elastic sheet includes an elastic nonwoven web.
14. The face mask of claim 3, wherein the elastic sheet further includes a polymeric film laminated to the elastic nonwoven web, and further wherein the filtering web is bonded to the polymeric film.
15. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the filtering web includes a filtering layer and a polymeric film layer, and further wherein the polymeric film layer faces the outer surface of the elastic sheet.
16. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the at least one cut-out is an oblong shape.
17. The face mask of claim 1, wherein the at least one cut-out includes a plurality of slits.
18. The face mask of claim 17, wherein the plurality of slits includes first and second slits forming an X shape.
19. The face mask of claim 1, wherein at least one of the elastic sheet and the filtering web forms a flap configured to be folded toward the inner surface and contact a user’s face.
20. A method of using a face mask, the method comprising:
receiving a face mask including:
an elastic sheet defining:
an inner surface,
an outer surface,
an elongated shape forming a central portion and opposing first and second lateral end portions extending from opposite sides, respectively, of the central portion,
a first aperture in the first lateral end portion,
a second aperture in the second lateral end portion,
at least one cut-out through a thickness of the elastic sheet in the central portion,
a filtering web forming at least one pleat, the filtering web being bonded to the outer surface of the elastic sheet along a perimeter bondline,
wherein a chamber region is at least partially established by the filtering web and is bordered by the perimeter bondline,
and further wherein the at least one cut-out is fluidly open to the chamber region;
fastening the face mask to a user’s head, including:
placing the first and second apertures over ears of the user, respectively,
inserting a mouth and nose region of the user’s head through the cut-out,
forming a substantially continuous line of contact between a face of the user and the inner surface, the line of contact circumscribing the chamber region; and
expanding the at least one pleat in response to an exhaled breath of the user.
21. A method of claim 20, wherein the step of fastening the face mask further includes a region of the inner surface conforming to a shape of a user’s face in a vicinity of the user’s nose root.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of operating user equipment (UE) in a cellular telecommunications system, the method comprising:
causing the UE to begin operating in a power saving state by determining that a first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied; and
causing the UE to leave the power saving state by determining that a second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied,
wherein determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied includes:
making a plurality of signal quality measurements of a signal received from a serving cell during power saving state;
determining which of the plurality of signal quality measurements represents a best one of the signal quality measurements;
determining a threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements; and
determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if a current signal quality measurement satisfies a predefined relationship with respect to the threshold value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
subtracting a signal quality measurement of a neighboring cell’s signal from the best one of the signal quality measurements.
3. The method of claim 1, comprising:
receiving a serving cell offset value from a serving cell of the UE; and
wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
adjusting the best one of the signal quality measurements by subtracting a signal quality measurement of a neighboring cell’s signal from the best one of the signal quality measurements and by adding the serving cell offset value.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
selecting the adjusted best one of the signal quality measurements if the adjusted best one of the signal quality measurement does not indicate a lower quality than a predetermined low limit value.
5. The method of claim 1, comprising:
determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if the current signal quality measurement satisfies a predetermined relationship with respect to a term derived from one or more telecommunication network-supplied parameters.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the telecommunications system is a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) telecommunications system, and the term derived from the one or more telecommunication network-supplied parameters is Sintrasearch+QqualMin,
wherein Sintrasearch is a parameter that specifies a threshold for intra-frequency measurements, and QqualMin defines a minimum required quality level within the serving cell.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal quality measurements are a plurality of signal-to-noise ratio measurements.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal quality measurements are a plurality of received signal code power measurements.
9. The method of claim 1, comprising:
upon entering a full measurement state from the power saving state, remaining in the full measurement state for a predefined period of time regardless of a determination that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied during the predefined period of time.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the power saving state comprises a first power saving state and a second power saving state, wherein fewer measurements are made during the second power saving state than in the first power saving state; and
the method comprises:
entering the first power saving state from a full measurement state; and
detecting that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied for a predefined period of time, and in response to said detection, causing the UE to begin operating in the second power saving state.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied includes:
making a current signal quality measurement of a signal received from the serving cell during a non-power saving state;
determining a threshold value as a function of a constant stored in the UE; and
determining that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if the current signal quality measurement satisfies a predefined relationship with respect to the threshold value.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the constant stored in the UE comprises combining the constant stored in the UE with a value supplied by the telecommunications network.
13. An apparatus for operating user equipment (UE) in a cellular telecommunications system, the apparatus comprising:
logic configured to cause the UE to begin operating in a power saving state by determining that a first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied; and
logic configured to cause the UE to leave the power saving state by determining that a second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied,
wherein determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied includes:
making a plurality of signal quality measurements of a signal received from a serving cell during power saving state;
determining which of the plurality of signal quality measurements represents a best one of the signal quality measurements;
determining a threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements; and
determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if a current signal quality measurement satisfies a predefined relationship with respect to the threshold value.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
subtracting a signal quality measurement of a neighboring cell’s signal from the best one of the signal quality measurements.
15. The apparatus of claim 13, comprising:
receiving a serving cell offset value from a serving cell of the UE; and
wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
adjusting the best one of the signal quality measurements by subtracting a signal quality measurement of a neighboring cell’s signal from the best one of the signal quality measurements and by adding the serving cell offset value.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the best one of the signal quality measurements comprises:
selecting the adjusted best one of the signal quality measurements if the adjusted best one of the signal quality measurement does not indicate a lower quality than a predetermined low limit value.
17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied includes:
determining that the second set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if the current signal quality measurement satisfies a predetermined relationship with respect to a term derived from one or more telecommunication network-supplied parameters.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the telecommunications system is a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) telecommunications system, and the term derived from the one or more telecommunication network-supplied parameters is Sintrasearch+QqualMin,
wherein Sintrasearch is a parameter that specifies a threshold for intra-frequency measurements, and QqualMin defines a minimum required quality level within the serving cell.
19. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the plurality of signal quality measurements are a plurality of signal-to-noise ratio measurements.
20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the plurality of signal quality measurements are a plurality of received signal code power measurements.
21. The apparatus of claim 13, comprising:
logic that, upon entering a full measurement state from the power saving state, causes the UE to remain in the full measurement state for a predefined period of time regardless of a determination that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied during the predefined period of time.
22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein:
the power saving state comprises a first power saving state and a second power saving state, wherein fewer measurements are made during the second power saving state than in the first power saving state; and
the apparatus comprises:
logic that, after entering the first power saving state from a full measurement state, detects that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied for a predefined period of time, and in response to said detection, causes the UE to begin operating in the second power saving state.
23. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein determining that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied includes:
making a current signal quality measurement of a signal received from the serving cell during a non-power saving state;
determining a threshold value as a function of a constant stored in the UE; and
determining that the first set of predefined criteria have been satisfied if the current signal quality measurement satisfies a predefined relationship with respect to the threshold value.
24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein determining the threshold value as a function of the constant stored in the UE comprises combining the constant stored in the UE with a value supplied by the telecommunications network.