1. A method for automatically limiting a torque on a driveline of a continuously variable hydro-mechanical transmission of a work machine having an engine, comprising steps of:
sensing a pressure condition in a hydrostatic power unit of the transmission, and if the pressure is high, estimating the mechanical efficiency of the motor of the hydrostatic power unit by monitoring an operating mode to determine whether the operation of the hydrostatic power unit is in a generation mode or a regeneration mode, providing the pressure, and determining a motor speed thereof;
providing an estimated torque output of the hydrostatic power unit based on the pressure, and if the pressure is high, including the mechanical efficiency of the motor in the estimated torque output;
estimating a torque output of a planetary power unit of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the hydrostatic power unit, a ratio of gears drivingly connecting the hydrostatic power unit to the planetary power unit, and ratios of the gears of the planetary power unit;
estimating the torque on an output member of the driveline of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the planetary power unit and ratios of gears drivingly connecting the planetary power unit to an output of the transmission;
if the estimated torque on the output member is greater than a predetermined value, then changing an operating parameter of the transmission to reduce the torque on the output member without reducing speed unless the speed is greater than a second predetermined value, and
if the speed is greater than the second predetermined value, then reducing speed without reducing power to other systems run by the engine.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the output member is moving, then the step of changing the operating parameter will comprise reducing a speed of movement thereof.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the speed of movement will be reduced by changing an output speed of the hydrostatic power unit.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the speed of movement will be reduced by changing a speed range with the changing of the output speed of the hydrostatic power unit.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the torque on the output member of the driveline of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the planetary power unit and ratios of gears drivingly connecting the planetary power unit to an output of the transmission, comprises determining which one of at least two gear sets drivingly connects the planetary power unit to the output member.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of estimating the torque output of the planetary power unit is additionally a function of an efficiency value determined therefor.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein if the output member is not moving, then the step of changing the operating parameter comprises changing an angle of a swash plate of a motor or a pump of the hydrostatic power unit.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of estimating the mechanical efficiency includes estimating torque in the motor Tmotor in N*m in the hydro mechanical operating mode using the following equation:
T
motor
=
P
HSU
\xb7
V
motor
2
\xb7
\u03c0
\xb7
\u03b7
Motor
where PHSU is the pressure in the hydrostatic power unit in Pa (Nm2); Vmotor is volume of the motor in m3; nmotor is the mechanical efficiency of the motor, and the pressure is positive for non-regenerative mode and negative for re-generation mode.
9. A method for automatically estimating and limiting torque on an output member of a driveline of a continuously variable hydro-mechanical transmission of a work machine having an engine during operation thereof, comprising steps of:
monitoring operation of a hydrostatic power unit of the transmission to determine whether the power unit is operating in a generation mode or a regeneration mode;
sensing a pressure condition in a hydrostatic power unit of the transmission, and if the pressure is high, determining a mechanical efficiency of the motor of the hydrostatic power unit as a function of at least the operating mode, the pressure, and a motor operating speed thereof;
estimating a torque output of the hydrostatic power unit as a function of at least the pressure therein, and when the pressure is high, including the estimated mechanical efficiency of the motor in the estimated torque output;
estimating a torque output of a planetary power unit of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the hydrostatic power unit, a ratio of gears drivingly connecting the hydrostatic power unit to the planetary power unit, and ratios of the gears of the planetary power unit;
estimating the torque on the output member of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the planetary power unit and ratios of gears drivingly connecting the planetary power unit to the output member; and
if the estimated torque on the output member is greater than a predetermined value, then changing an operating parameter of the transmission to reduce the torque on the output member without reducing speed unless the speed is greater than a second predetermined value, and
if the speed is greater than the second predetermined value, then reducing speed without reducing power to other systems run by the engine.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein if the output member is moving, then the step of changing the operating parameter will comprise reducing a speed of movement thereof.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the speed of movement will be reduced by changing an output speed of the hydrostatic power unit.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the speed of movement will be reduced by additionally changing a speed range of the transmission.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein if the output member is not moving, then the step of changing the operating parameter comprises changing an angle of a swash plate of a motor or pump of the hydrostatic power unit.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of estimating the mechanical efficiency includes estimating torque in the motor Tmotor in N*m in the hydro-mechanical operating mode using the following equation:
T
motor
=
P
HSU
\xb7
V
motor
2
\xb7
\u03c0
\xb7
\u03b7
Motor
where PHSU is the pressure in the hydrostatic power unit in Pa (Nm2); Vmotor is volume of the motor in m3; nmotor is the mechanical efficiency of the motor, and the pressure is positive for non-regenerative mode and negative for re-generation mode.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of determining the torque on the output member of the driveline of the transmission as a function of the estimated torque output of the planetary power unit and ratios of gears drivingly connecting the planetary power unit to an output of the transmission, comprises determining which one of at least two gear sets drivingly connects the planetary power unit to the output member.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a closure including (a) a closure plane having an annular opening, (b) a circumferentially depending outer skirt having on a radially inward side a plurality of first child-resistant engaging arrangements, and (c) a circumferentially depending inner member arranged parallel to, and radially inward from, the circumferentially depending outer skirt;
a dropper including a bulb and a pipette arranged in the annular opening of the closure plane, the pipette extending axially from the closure plane in a first direction of the outer skirt, the bulb forming an airtight seal with the pipette; and
a container including a base and a sidewall, the sidewall extending circumferentially from the base, an edge of the sidewall away from the base forming a container neck, the container neck including on an outward side a plurality of second child-resistant engaging arrangements;
wherein the closure is molded from one piece;
wherein each of the first child-resistant engaging arrangements is adapted to engage with a corresponding second child-resistant engaging arrangement on the container neck; and
wherein the circumferentially depending inner member is adapted to engage the container neck to bias the closure toward an open position.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bulb and the pipette are arranged in the annular opening of the closure plane by at least one of a friction fit and an annular groove fitment.
3. A device, comprising:
a closure including (a) a closure plane having an annular opening, (b) a circumferentially depending outer skirt having on a radially inward side a plurality of evenly spaced lugs, and (c) a circumferentially depending inner member arranged parallel to, and radially inward from, the circumferentially depending outer skirt; and
a dropper including a bulb and a pipette arranged in the annular opening of the closure plane, the pipette extending axially from the closure plane in a first direction of the outer skirt, the bulb forming an airtight seal with the pipette;
wherein the closure is molded from one piece;
wherein each of the lugs is adapted to engage with a corresponding bayonet on a container neck, the corresponding bayonet having a notch configured to accept the lug; and
wherein the circumferentially depending inner member is adapted to engage the container neck to bias the closure toward an open position.
4. The device according to claim 3, further comprising a container including a base and a sidewall, the sidewall extending circumferentially from the base, an edge of the sidewall away from the base forming the container neck, the container neck including on an outward side the corresponding bayonets.
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the container neck includes an extended tapered wall adapted to engage the circumferentially depending inner member of the closure.
6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the extended tapered wall is adapted to engage the circumferentially depending inner member on a radially inward side of the circumferentially depending inner member of the closure.
7. The device according to claim 5, wherein the extended tapered wall is adapted to engage the circumferentially depending inner member on a radially outward side of the circumferentially depending inner member of the closure.
8. The device according to claim 4, wherein the closure and the container are configured so that arranging the closure on the container causes:
each of the lugs to engage the corresponding bayonet; and
the circumferentially depending inner member to engage the container neck to bias the closure into the open position, the biasing of the closure causing each lug to be received in the notch of the corresponding bayonet.
9. The device according to claim 3, wherein the bulb of the dropper is molded together with the closure.
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the bulb and the closure are molded in a two-material molding machine.
11. The device according to claim 3, wherein the bulb of the dropper is molded separately from the closure and assembled with the closure and the pipette after molding.
12. The device according to claim 3, wherein the lugs are rectangular, and wherein the notches are rectangular.
13. A method for securing a dropper closure to a container, the closure molded in one piece and including (a) a closure plane having an annular opening, (b) a circumferentially depending outer skirt having on a radially inward side a plurality of evenly spaced lugs, each of the lugs adapted to engage with a corresponding bayonet on a container neck, the corresponding bayonet having a notch configured to accept the lug, and (c) a circumferentially depending inner member arranged parallel to, and radially inward from, the circumferentially depending outer skirt, the circumferentially depending inner member adapted to engage the container neck to bias the closure into an open position, the closure including a dropper including a bulb and a pipette arranged in the annular opening of the closure plane, the pipette extending axially from the closure plane in a first direction of the outer skirt, the bulb forming an airtight seal with the pipette, the container including a base and a sidewall, the sidewall extending circumferentially from the base, an edge of the sidewall away from the base forming the container neck, the container neck including on an outward side the corresponding bayonets, comprising:
pressing a closure onto a container causing the circumferentially depending inner member to engage the container neck;
rotating the closure causing each lug to engage with the corresponding bayonet; and
locking the closure in a child-resistant position by causing the lugs to be received in the notch of the corresponding bayonet.
14. A method for securing a dropper closure to a container, comprising:
providing a closure which is molded in one piece which includes (a) a closure plane having an annular opening, (b) a circumferentially depending outer skirt having on a radially inward side a plurality of evenly spaced lugs, each of the lugs adapted to engage with a corresponding bayonet on a container neck, the corresponding bayonet having a notch configured to accept the lug, and (c) a circumferentially depending inner member arranged parallel to, and radially inward from, the circumferentially depending outer skirt, the circumferentially depending inner member adapted to engage the container neck to bias the closure toward an open position;
providing a dropper including a bulb and a pipette arranged in the annular opening of the closure plane, the pipette extending axially from the closure plane in a first direction of the outer skirt, the bulb forming an airtight seal with the pipette;
providing a container including a base and a sidewall, the sidewall extending circumferentially from the base, an edge of the sidewall away from the base forming the container neck, the container neck including on an outward side the corresponding bayonets;
pressing the closure onto the container causing the circumferentially depending inner member to engage the container neck;
rotating the closure causing each lug to engage with the corresponding bayonet; and
locking the closure in a child-resistant position by causing the lugs to be received in the notch of the corresponding bayonet.