1. A method of treating cancer in a subject comprising:
administering to the subject in need thereof an average daily dose of a compound having the structure:
wherein R is methyl; and
a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier selected from the group consisting of glycols, oils, and alcohols,
wherein the amount of the compound in the carrier is sufficient for the composition to deliver to the subject between about 0.001 and 0.6 mg compound per kilogram of the subject’s body weight.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the average daily dose is within the range of about 0.01 mg to about 0.6 mg compound per kg body weight.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering comprises administering individual doses not more frequently than once daily.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering comprises interrupting individual dose administrations with at least one day of rest.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering comprises interrupting individual dose administrations with at least three days of rest.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering comprises administering over a period of at least 6 days.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering comprises administering to an animal that has a multidrug resistant tumor.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of administering according to a schedule sufficient to achieve at least about 16% tumor inhibition.
9. A pharmaceutical composition for delivering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound to a mammal, the pharmaceutical composition comprising:
an amount of a compound having the structure;
wherein R is methyl; and
a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier selected from the group consisting of glycols, oils, and alcohols,
wherein the amount of the compound in the carrier is sufficient for the composition to deliver to the mammal between about 0.001 mg and about 0.6 mg compound per kg body weight.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the therapeutically effective amount is an amount sufficient to deliver about 0.01 mg to about 0.6 mg compound per kg body weight.
11. The composition of claim 9, wherein the composition is formulated for parenteral delivery.
12. The composition of claim 9, wherein the composition is formulated for oral delivery.
13. The composition of claim 9, wherein the composition comprises an emulsion.
14. The composition of claim 9, wherein the composition comprises an aqueous suspension.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for compatibility with a second generation very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber loop (VDSL2) legacy customer premises equipment, the method comprising:
selecting tones in preset locations from tones of a legacy line as training tones;
controlling the training tones not to transmit data and modulating a pilot sequence on the training tones;
calculating and feeding back clipped errors on a Vectored line; and
calculating coefficients, for the training tones, of crosstalk of the legacy line in the Vectored line according to the pilot sequence and the clipped errors.
2. The method according to claim 1, after calculating coefficients, for the training tones, of crosstalk of the legacy line in the Vectored line according to the pilot sequence and the clipped errors, the method further comprises:
extending the crosstalk coefficients to other non-training tones to obtain crosstalk coefficients of all the tones.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein controlling the training tones not to transmit data comprises:
modulating noise signals on the training tones; or
configuring virtual noise on the training tones; or
configuring tone blackouts on the training tones; or
skipping transmitting signals on the training tones during signal-to-noise ratio measurement.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein modulating the noise signals or the pilot sequence comprises:
directly replacing to-be-transmitted signals X with desired signals E and controlling the desired signals E not to be superposed on cancellation signals \u0394X backhauled by a canceller; or
superposing to-be-transmitted signals X on cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain desired signals E, wherein the desired signals E are the noise signals or the pilot sequence.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein superposing to-be-transmitted signals X on cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain desired signals E comprises:
when the to-be-transmitted signals X are directly replaced with the desired signals E and the desired signals E must be superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X, controlling, by the canceller, the backhauled cancellation signals \u0394X to be equal to 0 or less than E10; or
performing calculation according to the desired signals E and the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the cancellation signals \u0394X, wherein \u0394X=E\u2212X, and superposing the cancellation signals on the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the desired signals E, wherein finally transmitted signals are
{tilde over (X)}=X+\u0394X=X+E\u2212X=E.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein extending the crosstalk coefficients to other non-training tones to obtain crosstalk coefficients of all the tones comprises:
directly extending the crosstalk coefficients of the training tones to tones in preset intervals; or
performing an interpolation operation on crosstalk coefficients of multiple training tones, and estimating crosstalk coefficients of other tones.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the training tones are a part or all of probe tones.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein performing initialization on the legacy line when the legacy line accesses the Vectored line for the first time comprises:
establishing a handshake relationship between the legacy line and the Vectored line;
modulating the pilot sequence on the legacy line and acquiring the clipped errors on the Vectored line, and calculating the coefficients of the crosstalk from the legacy line to the Vectored line; and
performing a subsequent initialization operation and data transmission according to the acquired crosstalk coefficients.
9. An apparatus for compatibility with a second generation very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber loop (VDSL2) legacy customer premises equipment, the apparatus comprising:
a vectoring control entity, configured to select tones in preset locations from tones of a legacy line as training tones, and calculate coefficients, for the training tones, of crosstalk of the legacy line in a Vectored line according to a pilot sequence modulated on the training tones and clipped errors fed back by a vectored customer premises equipment; and
a transceiver, configured to control the training tones not to transmit data and modulate the pilot sequence on the training tones.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the vectoring control entity is further configured to extend the crosstalk coefficients to other non-training tones to obtain crosstalk coefficients of all the tones.
11. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein when controlling the training tones not to transmit data, the transceiver is further configured to:
modulate noise signals on the training tones; or
configure virtual noise on the training tones; or
configure tone blackouts on the training tones; or
skip transmitting signals on the training tones during signal-to-noise ratio measurement.
12. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a canceller configured to backhaul cancellation signals \u0394X to the transceiver, and when modulating the noise signals or the pilot sequence, the transceiver is further configured to:
directly replace to-be-transmitted signals X with desired signals E and control the desired signals E not to be superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X backhauled by the canceller; or
superpose to-be-transmitted signals X on the cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain desired signals E, wherein the desired signals E are the noise signals or the pilot sequence.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein when the to-be-transmitted signals X are superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain the desired signals E, the canceller is further configured to:
when the to-be-transmitted signals X are directly replaced with the desired signals E and the desired signals E must be superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X, control the backhauled cancellation signals \u0394X to be equal to 0 or less than E10; or
perform calculation according to the desired signals E and the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the cancellation signals \u0394X, wherein \u0394X=E\u2212X, and superpose the cancellation signals on the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the desired signals E, wherein finally transmitted signals are
{tilde over (X)}=X+\u0394X=X+E\u2212X=E.
14. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein when extending the crosstalk coefficients to other non-training tones to obtain the crosstalk coefficients of all the tones, the vectoring control entity is further configured to:
directly extend the crosstalk coefficients of the training tones to tones in preset intervals; or
perform an interpolation operation on crosstalk coefficients of multiple training tones, and estimate crosstalk coefficients of other tones.
15. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein when the legacy line accesses the Vectored line for the first time and initialization is performed on the legacy line:
the transceiver is further configured to establish a handshake relationship between the legacy line and the Vectored line; and
the vectoring control entity is further configured to modulate the pilot sequence on the legacy line, receive the clipped errors fed back by the vectored customer premises equipment, calculate the coefficients of the crosstalk from the legacy line to the Vectored line, and perform a subsequent initialization operation and data transmission according to the acquired crosstalk coefficients.
16. A system for compatibility with a second generation very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber loop (VDSL2) legacy customer premises equipment, the system comprising:
a central office, a vectored customer premises equipment, a legacy customer premises equipment, at least one legacy line used to connect the central office and the legacy customer premises equipment, and at least one Vectored line used to connect the central office and the vectored customer premises equipment;
wherein the central office is configured to select tones in preset locations from tones of the legacy line as training tones, control the training tones not to transmit data and modulate a pilot sequence on the training tones, and calculate coefficients, for the training tones, of crosstalk of the legacy line in the Vectored line according to the pilot sequence and clipped errors fed back by the vectored customer premises equipment; and
wherein the vectored customer premises equipment is configured to calculate and feed back the clipped errors on the Vectored line.
17. The system according to claim 16, wherein the central office is further configured to extend the crosstalk coefficients to other non-training tones to obtain crosstalk coefficients of all the tones.
18. The system according to claim 16 wherein when controlling the training tones not to transmit data, the central office is further configured to:
modulate noise signals on the training tones; or
configure virtual noise on the training tones; or
configure tone blackouts on the training tones; or
skip transmitting signals on the training tones during signal-to-noise ratio measurement.
19. The system according to claim 16, wherein the system further comprises a canceller configured to backhaul cancellation signals \u0394X to the central office, and when modulating the noise signals or the pilot sequence, the central office is further configured to:
directly replace to-be-transmitted signals X with desired signals E and control the desired signals E not to be superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X backhauled by the canceller; or
superpose to-be-transmitted signals X on the cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain desired signals E, wherein the desired signals E are the noise signals or the pilot sequence.
20. The system according to claim 19, wherein when the to-be-transmitted signals X are superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X to obtain the desired signals E, the canceller is further configured to:
when the to-be-transmitted signals X are directly replaced with the desired signals E and the desired signals E must be superposed on the cancellation signals \u0394X, control the backhauled cancellation signals \u0394X to be equal to 0 or less than E10; or
perform calculation according to the desired signals E and the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the cancellation signals \u0394X, wherein \u0394X=E\u2212X, and superpose the cancellation signals on the to-be-transmitted signals X to obtain the desired signals E, wherein finally transmitted signals are
{tilde over (X)}=X+\u0394X=X+E\u2212X=E.