1. A data storage device, comprising:
a flash memory, capable of operating in a SLC mode and a non-SLC mode; and
a controller, configured to perform a first read operation to read a page corresponding to a first word line of the flash memory in the SLC mode according to a read command of a host, and perform an adjustable read operation when data read by the first read operation cannot be recovered by coding, wherein the controller is further configured to enable the flash memory to operate in the non-SLC mode in the adjustable read operation, and write logic 1 into a most-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the non-SLC mode to adjust voltage distribution of the first page.
2. The data storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-SLC mode is a MLC mode.
3. The data storage device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to enable the flash memory to operate in the SLC mode and perform a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line in the SLC mode again after writing the logic 1 into the most-significant-bit page during the adjustable read operation.
4. The data storage device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to mark the page corresponding to the first word line as a bad page when data read by the second read operation cannot be recovered by coding.
5. The data storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-SLC mode is a TLC mode.
6. The data storage device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to write a logic 1 into a central-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the TLC mode during the adjustable read operation to adjust voltage distribution of the memory cell corresponding to the first word line.
7. The data storage device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured to enable the flash memory to operate in the SLC mode and perform a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line in the SLC mode again after writing the logic 1 into the most-significant-bit page and the central-significant-bit page during the adjustable read operation.
8. The data storage device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the controller is further configured to mark the page corresponding to the first word line as a bad page when data read by the second read operation cannot be recovered by coding.
9. The data storage device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller is further configured to perform a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line by the read voltage corresponding to the voltage value on the register and increase a read retry count by 1 in the read retry procedure.
10. The data storage device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to determine whether the read retry count is higher than a first predetermined number in the read retry procedure and perform the adjustable read operation when the read retry count is higher than the first predetermined number.
11. The data storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to perform a read retry procedure before the adjustable read operation when data read by the first read operation cannot be recovered by coding, wherein the controller is configured to set voltage value on a register according to a read retry table and have the voltage value of the register serve as read voltage of the flash memory in the read retry procedure.
12. A error correction method, applied to a data storage device, wherein the data storage device comprises a flash memory capable of operating in a SLC mode and a non-SLC mode, the error correction method comprising:
performing a first read operation to read a page corresponding to a first word line of the flash memory in the SLC mode according to a read command of a host;
determining whether data read by the first read operation can be recovered by coding; and
performing an adjustable read operation when data read by the first read operation cannot be recovered by coding, wherein the adjustable read operation comprises:
enabling the flash memory to operate in the non-SLC mode; and
writing logic 1 into a most-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the non-SLC mode to adjust voltage distribution of the first page.
13. The error correction method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the non-SLC mode is a MLC mode.
14. The error correction method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the step of the adjustable read operation further comprises:
enabling the flash memory to operate in the SLC mode after writing the logic 1 into the most-significant-bit page; and
performing a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line in the SLC mode again.
15. The error correction method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the step of the adjustable read operation further comprises marking the page corresponding to the first word line as a bad page when data read by the second read operation cannot be recovered by coding.
16. The error correction method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the non-SLC mode is a TLC mode.
17. The error correction method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the step of the adjustable read operation further comprises writing a logic 1 into a central-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the TLC mode to adjust voltage distribution of memory cell corresponding to the first word line.
18. The error correction method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the step of the adjustable read operation further comprises:
enabling the flash memory to operate in the SLC mode after writing the logic 1 into the most-significant-bit page and the central-significant-bit page; and
performing a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line in the SLC mode again.
19. The error correction method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the step of the adjustable read operation further comprises marking the page corresponding to the first word line as a bad page when data read by the second read operation cannot be recovered by coding.
20. The error correction method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising performing a read retry procedure before the adjustable read operation when data read by the first read operation cannot be recovered by coding, wherein the read retry procedure comprises setting voltage value on a register according to a read retry table and having the voltage value of the register serve as read voltage of the flash memory.
21. The error correction method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the step of the read retry procedure further comprises performing a second read operation to read the page corresponding to the first word line by the read voltage corresponding to the voltage value on the register and increasing a read retry count by 1.
22. The error correction method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the step of the read retry procedure further comprises:
determining whether the read retry count is higher than a first predetermined number in the read retry procedure; and
performing the adjustable read operation when the read retry count is higher than the first predetermined number.
23. A data reading method, applied to a data storage device, wherein the data storage device comprises a flash memory capable of operating in a SLC mode and a multi-level cell mode, the data reading method comprising:
performing a first read operation to read a page corresponding to a first word line of the flash memory in the SLC mode according to a read command of a host to obtain a first data segment;
enabling the flash memory to operate in the multi-level cell mode when the first data segment cannot be recovered by coding; and
writing a predetermined data into a most-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the multi-level cell mode;
enabling the flash memory to operate in the SLC mode; and
reading the page corresponding to the first word line again to obtain a second data segment.
24. The data reading method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the predetermined data is 0xFF.
25. The data reading method as claimed in claim 23, further comprising:
transmitting the second data segment to the host when the second data segment can be recovered by coding.
26. The data reading method as claimed in claim 23, further comprising:
marking the page corresponding to the first word line as a bad page when the second data segment cannot be recovered by coding.
27. The data reading method as claimed in claim 23, further comprising:
marking a first block corresponding to the first word line as a bad block when the second data segment cannot be recovered by coding.
28. A data reading method, applied to a data storage device, wherein the data storage device comprises a flash memory capable of operating in a SLC mode and a multi-level cell mode, the data reading method comprising:
performing a first read operation to read a page corresponding to a first word line of the flash memory in the SLC mode according to a read command of a host to obtain a first data segment;
writing a predetermined data into a most-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the multi-level cell mode when the first data segment cannot be recovered by coding;
enabling the flash memory to operate in the multi-level cell mode when the first data segment cannot be recovered by coding;
writing a predetermined data into a most-significant-bit page corresponding to the first word line in the multi-level cell mode;
reading the page corresponding to the first word line in the SLC mode again to obtain a second data segment; and
transmitting the second data segment to the host when the second data segment can be recovered by coding.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A portable foaming apparatus for a handheld fire suppression system comprising:
a container having a container opening and containing a foaming agent and a pressurized gas disposed above said foaming agent;
a foam generating assembly having a housing removable attached to said container opening and having a proximal end and a distal end;
a mixing chamber defined by said housing and disposed in the interior of said housing;
a snorkel attached to said proximal end of said housing and received in said container having a lower end submerged in said foaming agent;
a snorkel opening defined in said housing allowing foaming agent to be inserted into said mixing chamber at said proximal end of said housing;
a gas re-directional opening defined in said housing allowing gas to enter said re-directional opening from said container;
a nozzle in fluid communications with said gas re-directional assembly and disposed in the interior of said mixing chamber downstream of said snorkel opening so that gas entering said re-directional opening is inserted in said mixing chamber under pressure and downstream said snorkel opening wherein said gas is inserted in said mixing chamber at an angle less than 45\xb0 relative to said fluid flow; and,
an outlet defined in said housing for ejecting foam produced in said mixing chamber from said foaming agent and said inserted pressurized when a foam nozzle is actuated.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 including between 0.75 and 1.25 pints of foaming agent, between 10 ft3 and 20 ft3 of nitrogen measured between 2000 psi and 2500 psi and between 1.5 and 2.5 gallons of water.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said foam achieves an expansion ratio between 15:1 and 25:1.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said foam is ejected from said housing at between 100 and 200 psi.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein at least 45 gallons of foam is produced.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 having a foam restriction including in said snorkel opening for increasing the velocity of foaming agent entering said mixing chamber.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 having a flow restriction cap disposed at said lower end of said snorkel for restricting the flow rate of said foaming agent entering said snorkel.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said flow restriction cap includes a variable aperture.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said aperture widens as said pressure in said container drops.
10. A portable foaming apparatus for a handheld fire suppression system comprising:
a container containing a foaming agent and a gas under pressure;
a foam generating assembly attached to said container having;
a snorkel included in said foam generating assembly received in said container having a lower end submerged in said foaming agent;
a snorkel opening defined in said housing allowing foaming agent to be inserted into said foam generating assembly from said container;
a gas re-directional opening included in said foam generating assembly allowing gas to enter said re-directional opening from said container;
a nozzle in fluid communication with said gas re-directional opening and attached to the interior of said foam generating assembly downstream of said snorkel opening so that gas entering said re-directional opening is inserted in said foam generating assembly under pressure and downstream said snorkel opening wherein said gas is inserted in said mixing chamber at an angle less than 45\xb0 relative to said fluid flow; and,
an outlet defined in said foam generating assembly ejecting foam produced from said foaming agent and said pressurized gas.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 including an end cap removable attached to a distal end of said foam generating assembly.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 including an overpressure assembly included in said foam generating assembly.
13. The apparatus of claim 10 including a gas delivery line opening in fluid communication with said gas re-directional opening for receiving a gas delivery line so that said container can be pressurized with gas from an external source.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 including:
a value actuator including in said gas delivery line opening; and,
a pressure valve included in said gas delivery line opening so that when a gas line is inserted into said delivery gas line opening, said value actuator opens said pressure valve allowing pressurized gas from said external source to flow into said container through said gas re-directional opening.
15. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said container contains between 0.75 and 1.25 pints of foaming agent, between 10 ft3 and 20 ft3 of nitrogen measured at between 2000 psi and 2500 and between 1.5 and 2.5 gallons of water.
16. The apparatus of claim 10 including a gas screen disposed in said gas delivery line opening and a foam screen disposed at said snorkel opening.
17. The apparatus of claim 10 including a foam restriction defined by said foam generating assembly.
18. A portable foaming apparatus for a handheld fire suppression system comprising:
a container containing a foaming agent and a pressurized gas;
a foam generating assembly connected to said container;
a snorkel attached to said foam generating assembly submerged in said fluid agent allowing foaming agent to be inserted into said foam generating assembly;
a gas re-directional opening defined in said foam generating assembly allowing gas to enter said re-directional opening from said container;
a nozzle in fluid communication with said gas re-directional opening and included in said foam generating assembly downstream of said snorkel so that gas entering said re-directional opening is inserted in said foam generating assembly downstream said snorkel; and,
an outlet defined in said housing ejecting foam produced from said foaming agent and said gas when a foam nozzle attached to said foam generating assembly is actuated.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said container contains between 0.75 and 1.25 pints of foaming agent, between 10 ft3 and 20 ft3 of nitrogen at between 2000 psi and 2500 and between 1.5 and 2.5 gallons of water.
20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said foam achieves an expansion ratio between 15:1 and 25:1 and is ejected from said foam generating assembly at between 100 and 200 psi.