1. In a base station of a wireless communication system, a direct communication supporting method comprising the steps of:
receiving a direct communication request message from a 1st terminal to request a direct communication with a 2nd terminal without going through the base station;
allocating a resource to use for the direct communication; and
transmitting resource allocation information to the 1st terminal.
2. The direct communication supporting method of claim 1, wherein the direct communication request message includes an identification information of the 2nd terminal.
3. In a 1st terminal of a wireless communication system, a direct communication method comprising the steps of:
transmitting a direct communication request message to a base station to request a direct communication with a 2nd terminal without going through the base station; and
receiving resource allocation information on a resource allocated to the direct communication from the base station.
4. The direct communication method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
matching synchronization with the 2nd terminal; and
transmitting data to the 2nd terminal.
5. The direct communication method of claim 4, further comprising the step of allocating the resource allocation information to the 2nd terminal.
6. In a 1st terminal of a wireless communication system, a direct communication method comprising the steps of:
transmitting a preamble;
receiving a 1st direct communication request message from a 2nd terminal to request a direct communication with the 1st terminal without going through a base station;
transmitting a 2nd direct communication request message to the base station to request the direct communication with the 2nd terminal without going through the base station; and
receiving control information related to the direct communication from the base station.
7. The direct communication method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
transmitting the control information related to the direct communication to the 2nd terminal; and
setting synchronization with the 2nd terminal.
8. The direct communication method of claim 7, wherein the control information related to the direct communication comprises resource allocation information on a resource allocated to the direct communication.
9. The direct communication method of claim 6, wherein the preamble is transmitted on a random access channel.
10. A base station comprising:
a receiving module receiving a direct communication request message from a 1st terminal to request a direct communication with a 2nd terminal without going through the base station;
a processor allocating a resource to use for the direct communication; and
a transmitting module transmitting resource allocation information to the 1st terminal and the 2nd terminal.
11. The base station of claim 10, wherein the direct communication request message includes an identification information of the 2nd terminal.
12. A 2nd terminal comprising:
a transmitting module transmitting a 1st direct communication request message to a base station to request a direct communication with a 1st terminal without going through the base station; and
a receiving module receiving resource allocation information on a resource allocated to the direct communication from the base station.
13. The 2nd terminal of claim 12, wherein the transmitting module transmits the resource allocation information to the 1st terminal.
14. The 2nd terminal of claim 12, wherein the transmitting module transmits a preamble and wherein the receiving module receives a 2nd direct communication request message from the 1st terminal to request the direct communication with the 2nd terminal without going through the base station.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process for producing synthesis gas comprising:
a) flowing a hydrocarbon- and water-containing feed gas mixture across a first bed of hot solids to heat the gas;
b) flowing the heated gas through a first oxidation zone;
c) flowing the heated gas exiting the first oxidation zone across at least one reforming zone to form a synthesis gas;
d) flowing the synthesis gas through a second oxidation zone;
e) flowing the synthesis gas from the second oxidation zone across a second bed of solids to heat the second bed of solids and cool the synthesis gas wherein in at least one of oxidation zones (b) and (d) an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the oxidation zone to produce syngas and generate heat;
f) reversing the direction of flow of the feed gas mixture at intermittent intervals; and
g) recovering synthesis gas from the process in both directions of flow of the feed gases.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the synthesis gas leaving the at least one reforming zone is maintained at a temperature of at least 750\xb0 C. when no oxygen-containing gas has been injected into the first oxidation zone.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the synthesis gas leaving the at least one reforming zone is maintained at a temperature of at least 900\xb0 C. when oxygen-containing gas has been injected into the first oxidation zone.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the synthesis gas leaving the second bed of solids is maintained at a temperature of not greater than about 650\xb0 C.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein, depending on the direction of flow of the hydrocarbon and water-containing feed as mixture, the feed gas mixture flowed across the first bed of solids or the second bed of solids is heated to a temperature of at least 900\xb0 C.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the heated gas enters the at least one reforming zone at a mole ratio of steam to hydrocarbon of from 0.4:1 to 5:1.
7. The process of claim 6 wherein gas leaving the at least one reforming zone has a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon oxide of from 1:1 to 5:1.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the second oxidation zone.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the first oxidation zone.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the first oxidation zone and into the second oxidation zone.
11. A process for producing synthesis gas, comprising:
a) flowing a hydrocarbon and water-containing feed gas across a first bed of hot solids to heat the feed gas;
b) flowing the heated feed gas across at least one first reforming zone to form a reformed gas;
c) flowing the reformed gas through an oxidation zone into which is injected an oxygen-containing gas to oxidize at least a portion of the reformed gas to form synthesis gas;
d) flowing the partially oxidized reformed gas from the oxidation zone into a second reforming zone containing reforming catalyst to convert at least a portion of unconverted hydrocarbon in the synthesis gas into additional synthesis gas; and
e) flowing the synthesis gas across a second bed of solids to heat the second bed of solids and cool the synthesis gas;
f) reversing the direction of flow of the feed gas at intermittent intervals; and
g) recovering synthesis gas from the process in both directions of flow of the feed gas.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein the synthesis gas that leaves the second bed of reforming catalyst is maintained at a temperature of at least 900\xb0 C.
13. The process of claim 11 wherein the gas flowed across the beds of solids is heated, depending on the direction of flow, to a temperature of at least 900\xb0 C.
14. The process of claim 11 wherein the reforming gas that leaves the first bed of refonning catalyst is maintained at a temperature of at least 750\xb0 C.
15. The process of claim 11 wherein the synthesis gas tat leaves the second bed of solids is maintained at a temperature of not greater than about 650\xb0 C.
16. The process of claim 1 or 11, wherein the reforming catalyst comprises at least one active metal or metal oxide of Group 6 or Group 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
17. The process of claim 1 or 11, wherein the solids are refractory inorganic oxide solids.
18. The process of claim 1 or 11, wherein the first and second beds of solids are in separate vessels.
19. The process of claim 1 or 11, wherein the hydrocarbon comprises methane.