1-16. (canceled)
17. A GaN-based LED element, comprising:
a semiconductor laminated structure comprising a p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, an n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer arranged on the lower surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer, and a light emitting part comprising a GaN-based semiconductor interposed between the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer and the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer;
a p-side electrode formed on the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer; and
an n-side electrode electrically connected to the n-type GaN-based semiconductor layer,
wherein the p-side electrode comprises a TCO film and a metal electrode formed on a part of the TCO film,
wherein the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer is at least partially covered by the TCO film,
wherein the upper surface of the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer which is covered with the TCO film has a rough portion and a mirror portion, the mirror portion comprising a first mirror portion,
wherein the metal electrode is arranged above the first mirror portion, and
wherein the rough portion is arranged only in regions other than a region directly under the metal electrode.
18. The LED element of claim 17, wherein a surface of the rough portion comprises an uneven surface in which depressions of a conical, frustum, or dome form are densely arranged.
19. The LED element of claim 17, wherein a surface of the rough portion comprises an uneven surface with convex portions having a mountain-shaped cross section and bottom portions of concave portions having a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section, and has substantially no flat planar portion.
20. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the TCO film is a polycrystalline film.
21. The LED element of claim 17, wherein an insulating film is interposed between the TCO film and the p-type semiconductor layer, and the insulating film blocks a current supply from the TCO film to the p-type GaN-based semiconductor layer directly under the metal electrode, and the insulating film is a transparent thin film made of an inorganic material.
22. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the mirror portion comprises a second mirror portion, and the second mirror portion and the rough portion are arranged to form a mixed pattern in regions other than the region directly under the metal electrode on the upper surface of the GaN-based semiconductor covered with the TCO film.
23. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a net pattern in the mixed pattern.
24. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a comb pattern in the mixed pattern.
25. The LED element of claim 22, wherein the second mirror portion shows a branched pattern in the mixed pattern.
26. The LED element of claim 17, wherein the TCO film comprises indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), gallium zinc oxide (GZO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system for managing a plurality of network connecting appliances comprising: first arm second servers which can be connected to said plurality of network connecting appliances via a network; a first database which is connected to said first server and stores relationship between an identifier of each of said plurality of network connecting appliances and the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; a second database which is connected to said second server and stores configuration data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the configuration data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance; and a third database which is connected to said second server and stores function data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the function data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance, wherein
(a) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances comprises:
first storage means for storing first connection data required for connecting to said first server;
means for automatically sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said first server by using said first connection data stored in said first storage means in response to power being turned on;
means for sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said second server by using a received second connection data when second connection data required for connecting to said second server, which is responsible for the network connecting appliances is received from said first server;
means for automatically configuring the network connecting appliance by using said configuration data when the configuration data is received from said second server; and
means for implementing a virtual function included in said function data as a physical function in the network connecting appliance by using said function data when the function data is received from said second server;
(b) said first server comprises:
means for receiving an identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
means for acquiring the second connection data required for connecting to the second server responsible for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said first database; and
means for sending said acquired second connection data to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier, and
(c) said second server comprises:
means for receiving arm identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
means fox acquiring configuration data to be provided tot a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said second database;
means for acquiring function data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said third database; and
means for sending configuration data acquired from said second database and function data acquired from said third database to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier,
whereby, management of said plurality of network connecting appliances can be implemented.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said second server further comprises:
a fourth database storing a functional module which can be provided for said plurality of network connecting appliances;
specification updating interface means for updating a specification for defining a service to be implemented in a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances; and
specification analyzing means for analyzing an updated new specification by using said specification updating interface means, acquiring all the functional modules for forming said new specification from said fourth database, and updating function data to be provided for the particular network connecting appliance stored in said third database by using the function data formed by the acquired functional modules.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises means for synchronizing function data which is physically implemented in the network connecting appliances and function data stored in said third database as a virtual function as to be provided in the network connecting appliance and physically implemented.
4. The system according to any of claim 1 to claim 3, wherein said second server further comprises;
configuration updating interface means for updating configuration of a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances; and
means for reflecting new configuration updated by using said configuration updating interface means to configuration data which is provided for the network connecting appliance stored in said second database.
5. The system according to any of claim 2 to claim 4, further comprising updated data sending means for sending at least one of configuration data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said second database and function data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said third database to said plurality of network connecting appliances in a push type manner at any timing without regard of the presence of access from said plurality of network connecting appliances.
6. The system according to any of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises second storage means for storing second connection data which is required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; and
wherein, if configuration data and function data are sent from said second server and at least a network connecting appliance of said plurality of network connecting appliances is tuned off and then needs to be turned on again, the network connecting appliance which is turned on again can use the second connection data stored in said second storage means without acquiring the second connection data for connecting to the second server which is responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server again.
7. A method for controlling a system for managing a plurality of network connecting appliances, said system comprising first and second servers which can be connected to said plurality of network connecting appliances via a network; a first database which is connected to said first server and stores relationship between an identifier of each of said plurality of network connecting appliances and the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; a second database which is connected to said second server and stores configuration data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the configuration data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance; and a third database which is connected to said second server and stores function data to be provided for each of said plurality of network connecting appliances such that the function data can be retrieved by using an identifier of the network connecting appliance, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
(1) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances, in response to power being turned on, automatically acquiring first connection data required for connecting to said first server from a first storage means storing said first connection data and sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said first server by using said first connection data:
(2) said first server receiving an identifier from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances;
(3) said first server acquiring second connection data required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier front said first database;
(4) said first server sending said acquired second connection data to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier;
(5) each of said plurality of network connecting appliances, in response to receiving second connection data required for connecting to said second server responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server, sending an identifier of the network connecting appliance to said second server by using the received second connection data;
(6) said second server receiving identifiers from each of said plurality of network connecting appliances,
(7) said second server acquiring configuration data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said second database;
(8) said second server acquiring function data to be provided for a network connecting appliance identified by using the received identifier from said third database
(9) said second server sending configuration data acquired from said second database and function data acquired from said third database to the network connecting appliance that has sent the identifier; and
(10) the network connecting appliance that has sent said identifier, in response to receiving configuration data and function date from said second server, automatically configuring the network connecting appliance by using said configuration data, and implementing a virtual function included in said function data as a physical function in the network connecting appliance by using said function data.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said second server further comprises a fourth database storing a functional module which can be provided for said plurality of network connecting appliances, and said method further comprises the steps of;
updating a specification for defining a service to be implemented in a particular network connecting appliance in said plurality of network connecting appliances by using specification updating interface; and
analyzing a new specification updated by using said specification updating interface means by using specification analyzing means, acquiring all the functional modules for forming said new specification from said fourth database, and updating function data to be provided for the particular network connecting appliance stored in said third database by using the function data formed by the acquired functional modules.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises a step for synchronizing function data which is physically implemented in the network connecting appliances and function data stored in said third database as a virtual function as to be provided in the network connecting appliance and physically implemented.
10. The method according to any of claim 7 to claim 9, further comprising a step of:
said second server reflecting configuration updated data inputted via configuration updating interface means to configuration data to be provided for the network connecting appliance stored in said second database.
11. The method according to any claim 8 to claim 10, further comprising a step of:
said second server sending at least either of configuration data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said second database and function data of said plurality of network connecting appliances stored in said third database to said plurality of network connecting appliances in a push type aspect at any timing without regard of the presence of access from said plurality of network connecting appliances means.
12. The method according to any of claim 7 to claim 11, wherein each of said plurality of network connecting appliances further comprises second storage means for storing second connection data which is required for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance; and
wherein, if configuration data and function data are sent from said second server and at least a network connecting appliance of said plurality of network connecting appliances is tuned off and then needs to be turned on again, the network connecting appliance which is turned on again can use the second connection data stored in said second storage means without needing to acquire the second connection data for connecting to the second server responsible for the network connecting appliance from said first server again.
13. A computer readable storage medium storing a program for having a computer to execute each step included in the method described in any of claim 7 to claim 12.
14. A program for having a computer to execute each step included in the method described in any of claim 7 to claim 12.