1. A pre-charge voltage supply circuit of a semiconductor device comprising:
a first switch that supplies a pre-charge voltage in response to a first signal having a predetermined voltage level, and has a turn-on resistance of a predetermined level; and
a second switch which is connected in parallel to the first switch, supplies the pre-charge voltage in response to a second signal, and has a turn-on resistance lower than the turn-on resistance of the first switch;
a switching controller that receives a third signal enabled in response to an active command and disabled in response to a pre-charge command, and outputs the third signal, as the second signal, after delaying the third signal for the first predetermined period; and
a third switch and a fourth switch, which are turned on in a pre-charge mode and a standby mode, to supply the pre-charge voltage to a bit line and a complementary bit line, wherein the third switch and the fourth switch operate in response to a fourth signal disabled during an active mode, to isolate the bit line and the complementary bit line from each other during the active mode.
2. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are commonly connected to a pre-charge voltage supply node, and supply the pre-charge voltage to a bit line and a complementary bit line.
3. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second switch is turned on at the point of time not later than the point of time when a pre-charge mode is initiated, and is turned off following a first predetermined period from the turn-on of the second switch.
4. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 3, wherein the third signal is a bank active signal.
5. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 3, wherein the second switch is an n-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor which operates in response to the second signal.
6. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1. wherein the second switch is turned on following a first predetermined period from an initiation of an active mode, and is turned off when a second predetermined period elapses from an initiation of a pre-charge mode.
7. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch is maintained in an ON state irrespective of an operation mode of the semiconductor device.
8. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 7, wherein the first switch is an n-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor which operates in response to the first signal, the first signal having a high voltage level.
9. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first switch is turned on when the semiconductor device is in a pre-charge mode or in a standby mode.
10. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 9, wherein the first switch is an n-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor which operates in response to the first signal, the first signal having a high voltage level.
11. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
the first switch is maintained in an ON state irrespective of an operation mode of the semiconductor device, and
the second switch is turned on at the point of time not later than the point of time when a pre-charge mode is initiated, and is turned off when a first predetermined period elapses from the turn-on of the second switch.
12. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 11, wherein the second signal is a signal obtained by delaying, for the first predetermined period, a third signal enabled in response to an active command and disabled in response to a pre-charge command.
13. The pre-charge voltage supply circuit according to claim 12, wherein the third signal is a bank active signal.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured to establish a tunnel between a local interworking function and a remote interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the local interworking function into a plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES, wherein the plurality of IP packets includes a first IP packet having a variable length; and
transporting the IP packets from the local interworking function to the remote interworking function according to the CES;
wherein configuring the CES comprises exchanging a plurality of CES control protocol (CESCP) information between the local interworking function and the remote interworking function; and
wherein the plurality CESCP information comprises at least one of a circuit identification and an internet protocol address for the local and remote interworking functions, alarm indication signal options, idle condition options, a clock option, a check sum option, a minimum and a maximum circuit size, a multiple circuits option, a maximum transition delay, a maximum delay variation, a compression option, and an encryption option.
2. A method comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured to establish a tunnel between a local interworking function and a remote interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the local interworking function into a plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES, wherein the plurality of IP packets includes a first IP packet having a variable length; and
transporting the IP packets from the local interworking function to the remote interworking function according to the CES;
wherein encapsulating the data comprises attaching a CES header to each IP packet; and
wherein the CES header comprises a version number for compatibility between the local interworking function and the remote interworking function.
3. A method comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured to establish a tunnel between a local interworking function and a remote interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the local interworking function into a plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES, wherein the plurality of IP packets includes a first IP packet having a variable length;
transporting the IP packets from the local interworking function to the remote interworking function according to the CES
buffering the plurality of IP rackets received from the remote interworking function for at least as long as a maximum delay variation; and
outputting payloads of the plurality of received IP packets at the constant bit rate;
wherein the maximum delay variation comprises delay due to out-of-order IP packet delivery.
4. A method comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured to establish a tunnel between a local interworking function and a remote interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the local interworking function into a plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES, wherein the plurality of IP packets includes a first IP packet having a variable length and each IP packet further comprises at least one circuit, each circuit comprising at least one circuit header; and
transporting the IP packets from the local interworking function to the remote interworking function according to the CES,
wherein the at least one circuit header comprises at least one of a circuit identification, a flag field, a sequence number, a first octet padding value, a last octet padding value, and a data field, and
wherein the flag field comprises at least one of a compression flag, an idle flag, an alarm indication signal flag, and a clocking information flag.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the clocking information flag comprises a synchronous residual time stamp (SRTS) value.
6. A method comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured to establish a tunnel between a local interworking function and a remote interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the local interworking function into a plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES, wherein the plurality of IP packets includes a first IP packet having a variable length and each IP packet further comprises at least one circuit, each circuit comprising at least one circuit header; and
transporting the IP rackets from the local interworking function to the remote interworking function according to the CES.
wherein the at least one circuit header comprises at least one of a circuit identification, a flag field, a sequence number, a first octet padding value, a last octet padding value, and a data field, and
wherein the sequence number indicates a starting position of a first bit of data in a corresponding circuit with respect to a reference point in a corresponding bit stream.
7. A method, comprising:
configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured between a first interworking function to a second interworking function;
encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the first interworking function into a first plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES;
encapsulating data received at the constant bit rate at the second interworking function into a second plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES;
transporting the first plurality of IP packets from the first interworking function to the second interworking function according to the CES;
transporting the second plurality of IP packets from the second interworking function to the first interworking function according to the CES;
buffering the second plurality of IP packets at the first interworking function for at least as long as a maximum delay variation, said maximum delay variation comprising delay due to out-of-order IP packet delivery;
outputting payloads of the second plurality of IP packets at the constant bit rate; buffering the first plurality of IP packets at the second interworking function for at least as long as the maximum delay variation; and
outputting payloads of the first plurality of IP packets at the constant bit rate.
8. An apparatus, comprising:
means for configuring a circuit emulation service (CES) over an internet protocol (IP) network based on properties of the IP network, the CES being configured between a first interworking function to a second interworking function;
means for encapsulating data received at a constant bit rate at the first interworking function into a first plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES;
means for encapsulating data received at the constant bit rate at the second interworking function into a second plurality of IP packets configured according to the CES;
means for transporting the first plurality of IP packets from the first interworking function to the second interworking function according to the CES;
means for transporting the second plurality of IP packets from the second interworking function to the first interworking function according to the CES;
means for buffering the second plurality of IP packets at the first interworking function for at least as long as a maximum delay variation, said maximum delay variation comprising delay due to out-of-order IP packet delivery;
means for outputting payloads of the second plurality of IP packets at the constant bit rate;
means for buffering the first plurality of IP packets at the second interworking function for at least as long as the maximum delay variation; and
means for outputting payloads of the first plurality of IP packets at the constant bit rate.