We claim:
1. A method for identifying a therapeutic having analogous activity to a thiazolidinedione comprising contacting a cell containing a PPAR receptor with a candidate therapeutic; and determining the level of expression of at least one gene selected from the panel of genes in Table I andor Table II, wherein an increase in the level of expression of at least one gene of Tables I or III andor a decrease in the level of expression of at least one gene of Tables II or IV in the cell treated with the candidate therapeutic relative to a cell that was not treated with the candidate therapeutic indicates that the candidate therapeutic is a therapeutic for treating a disease associated with a PPAR receptor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate therapeutic is selected from the group consisting of: proteins, peptides, peptidomimetics, derivatives of fafty acids, and small molecules.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said disease is Type II diabetes.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said disease is obesity.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said disease is treatable by a thiazolidinedione.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said PPAR receptor is the PPAR1 receptor.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said PPAR receptor is the PPAR2 receptor.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate therapeutic is in a library of compounds.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the expression level of at least three genes is detected.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the expression level of at least ten genes is detected.
11. A composition comprising a plurality of genes or gene fragments selected from the panel of genes in Tables I-IV.
12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the plurality is at least 10 genes or gene fragments.
13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the plurality is at least 20 genes or gene fragments.
14. The composition of claim 12, which is a chip, wafer or slide.
15. A composition comprising a plurality of proteins or proteins fragments selected from proteins encoded by the panel of genes in Tables I-IV.
16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the plurality is at least 10 proteins or protein fragments.
17. The composition of claim 16, wherein the plurality is at least 20 proteins or protein fragments.
18. The composition of claim 15, which is a chip, wafer or slide.
19. A method for determining whether a subject is responsive to treatment with a therapeutic having analogous activity to a thiazolidinedione, comprising determining the level of expression of a plurality of genes of Tables I or III or Tables II or IV in cells of the subject, wherein a higher level of expression of the genes of Tables I or III or a lower level of expression of the genes of Tables II or IV in the adipocytes of the subject relative to that in adipocytes of a subject that was not treated with a PPAR ligand indicates that the subject is responsive to treatment with the PPAR ligand.
20. A method of claim 19, wherein the cells are adipocytes.
21. A method for predicting whether a subject would be responsive to treatment with a compound having analogous activity to a thiazolidinedione, comprising incubating cells of the subject with a PPAR ligand and determining the level of expression of a plurality of genes of Tables I andor III andor Tables II andor IV in the cells, wherein a higher level of expression of genes of Tables I or III or lower level of expression of genes of Tables II or IV relative to expression in cells of subjects not treated with a PPAR ligand indicates that the subject would be responsive to treatment with the PPAR ligand.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A cobalt based alloy exhibiting high-temperature mechanical strength in an oxidizing medium, the alloy being free from W and Hf and consisting of the following elements in percentage by weight of the alloy:
Cr
23 to 34%
Ni
6 to 12%
Ta
6.0 to 10%
C
0.3 to 1.2%
Fe
less than 3%
Si
less than 1%
Mn
less than 0.5%
Zr
less than 0.1%
a balance of cobalt and impurities;
wherein a TaC molar ratio of the alloy is at least 0.3.
2. The alloy according to claim 1, wherein the following elements are present in the following amounts:
Cr
26 to 32%
Ni
\u20028 to 10%
Ta
4.5 to 9%\u2002\u2009
C
\u20090.3 to 1.1%.
3. The alloy according to claim 1, wherein the TaC molar ratio is at least 0.9.
4. The alloy according to claim 3, wherein carbon is present in an amount of from 0.3 to 0.55 wt %.
5. The alloy according to claim 1, wherein carbon is present in an amount of from about 0.8 to 1.2%.
6. The alloy according to claim 1, wherein the TaC molar ratio is from 0.3 to 0.5.
7. An article, comprising the alloy according to claim 1.
8. The article according to claim 7, wherein the article is obtained by foundrywork.
9. The article according to claim 7, wherein the article was subjected to a heat treatment after the alloy was cast.
10. The article according to claim 7, wherein the article was subjected to a forging operation after the alloy was cast.
11. The article according to claim 7, comprising a fiberizing spinner dish for the manufacture of mineral wool.
12. A process for manufacturing an alloy article, comprising:
casting a molten alloy that is free from W and Hf and consists of the following elements (the proportions being indicated as percentages by weight of the alloy):
Cr
\u200923 to 34%
Ni
\u2002\u20096 to 12%
Ta
4.2 to 10%
C
0.2 to 1.2%
Fe
less than 3%
Si
less than 1%
Mn
less than 0.5%
Zr
less than 0.1%
the balance consisting of cobalt and impurities and the TaC molar ratio being at least 0.3, in a suitable mold; and then
heat treating the molded article by first annealing the article at a temperature of 1100 to 1250\xb0 C. and annealing the article a second time at a temperature of 850 to 1050\xb0 C.