1. An information recording medium comprising:
a data area for recording therein record data;
a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and
a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas,
the distinction information being recorded as a type of a combination pattern of an area set to be in a recorded condition and an area left to be in an unrecorded condition according to a predetermined rule, in said flag area.
2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein said flag area includes a plurality of flag unit areas.
3. The information recording medium according to claim 2, wherein the distinction information is indicated as an entire flag area by that each of the plurality of flag unit areas is in the recorded condition or in the unrecorded condition.
4. The information recording medium according to claim 3, wherein backup data corresponding to the record data is recorded into at least one flag unit area in the recorded condition out of the plurality of flag unit areas.
5. The information recording medium according to claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of flag unit areas corresponds to the smallest recording area of said information recording medium.
6. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein said flag area is disposed on an inner circumferential side of said information recording medium.
7. The information recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising a control information recording area for recording therein information for controlling at least one of recording and reading with respect to said data area,
said flag area being disposed in said control information recording area.
8. An information recording medium comprising:
a data area for recording therein record data;
a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and
a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas,
said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information.
9. The information recording medium according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of flag unit areas are all in the unrecorded condition, in an initial state and during first use of one of said temporary defect management areas.
10. A recording apparatus for recording record data onto an information recording medium comprising: (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said recording apparatus comprising:
a first recording device for recording the record data into said data area;
a second recording device for recording the defect management information into any one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas;
a distinction information generating device for generating the distinction information on the basis of the recorded condition and the unrecorded condition of said plurality of temporary defect management areas; and
a third recording device for recording the distinction information generated by said distinction information generating device into said flag area.
11. A recording method of recording record data onto an information recording medium comprising: (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said recording method comprising:
a first recording process of recording the record data into said data area;
a second recording process of recording the defect management information into any one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas;
a distinction information generating process of generating the distinction information on the basis of the recorded condition and the unrecorded condition of said plurality of temporary defect management areas; and
a third recording process of recording the distinction information generated by said distinction information generating process into said flag area.
12. A reproducing apparatus for reproducing record data recorded on an information recording medium comprising: (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said reproducing apparatus comprising:
a first reading device for reading the distinction information recorded in said flag area;
a selecting device for selecting effective one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas, on the basis of the distinction information read by said first reading device;
a second reading device for reading the defect management information recorded in the effective temporary defect management area selected by said selecting device; and
a reproducing device for reproducing the record data recorded in said data area, on the basis of the defect management information read by said second reading device.
13. The reproducing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
said selecting device selects the temporary defect management area in which the effective defect management information is recorded by judging in which condition of the recorded condition and the unrecorded condition at least one of said plurality of flag unit areas is.
14. A reproducing method of reproducing record data recorded on an information recording medium comprising: (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said reproducing method comprising:
a first reading process of reading the distinction information recorded in said flag area;
a selecting process of selecting effective one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas, on the basis of the distinction information read by said first reading process,
a second reading process of reading the defect management information recorded in the effective temporary defect management area selected by said selecting process; and
a reproducing process of reproducing the record data recorded in said data area, on the basis of the defect management information read by said second reading process.
15. A computer program product for record control to control a computer provided for an information recording apparatus, said computer program making the computer function as at least one of a first recording device, a second recording device, a distinction information generating device and a third recording device,
said recording apparatus for recording record data onto an information recording medium comprising. (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said recording apparatus comprising:
said first recording device for recording the record data into said data area;
said second recording device for recording the defect management information into any one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas;
said distinction information generating device for generating the distinction information on the basis of the recorded condition and the unrecorded condition of said plurality of temporary defect management areas; and
said third recording device for recording the distinction information generated by said distinction information generating device into said flag area.
16. A computer program product for reproduction control to control a computer provided for an information reproducing apparatus , said computer program making the computer function as at least one of a first reading device, a selecting device, a second reading device, and a reproducing device,
said reproducing apparatus for reproducing record data recorded on an information recording medium comprising (i) a data area for recording therein the record data; (ii) a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and (iii) a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas, said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information,
said reproducing apparatus comprising:
said first reading device for reading the distinction information recorded in said flag area;
said selecting device for selecting effective one of said plurality of temporary defect management areas, on the basis of the distinction information read by said first reading device;
said second reading device for reading the defect management information recorded in the effective temporary defect management area selected by said selecting device; and
said reproducing device for reproducing the record data recorded in said data area, on the basis of the defect management information read by said second reading device.
17. A data structure comprising:
a data area for recording therein record data;
a plurality of temporary defect management areas for temporarily recording therein defect management information in said data area; and
a flag area for recording therein distinction information for distinguishing a temporary defect management area in which the defect management information that is effective is recorded, from said plurality of temporary defect management areas,
said flag area being divided into a plurality of flag unit areas, a combination of a recorded condition and an unrecorded condition of the plurality of flag unit areas indicating the distinction information.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A composition comprising:
(I) finely divided particles of inorganic material comprising:
(a) a metal oxide with metallic or semi-metallic conductivity selected from an oxide of two or more elements selected from Ba, Ru, Ca, Cu, Sr, Bi, Pb, and the rare earth metals wherein said metal oxide has a surface to weight ratio in the range of 2 to 20 m2g;
(b) inorganic binder having a glass transition temperature in the range of from 300 to 600\xb0 C., a surface area to weight ratio of no greater than 10 m2g and at least 85 wt. % of the particles having a size in the range of 0.1-10 \u03bcm;
dispersed in:
(II) an organic medium comprising;
(a) aqueous developable photocrosslinkable polymer which is a copolymer, interpolymer or mixture thereof, wherein each copolymer or interpolymer comprises (1) a nonacidic comonomer comprising a C1-10 alkyl acrylate, C1-10 alkyl methacrylate, styrene, substituted styrene or combination thereof and (2) an acidic comonomer comprising ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid containing moiety, wherein 2-20% of the carboxylic acid containing moiety is reacted with a reactive molecule having a first and second functional unit wherein the first functional unit is a vinyl group and the second functional unit is capable of forming a chemical bond by reaction with the carboxylic acid moiety; forming the copolymer, interpolymer or mixture thereof having an acid content of at least 10 wt. % of the total polymer weight; a glass transition temperature in the range of 50-150\xb0 C. and a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000-250,000; and
(b) organic solvent.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said metal oxide with metallic or semi-metallic conductivity is selected from an oxide of two or more elements selected from Ba, Ru, Ca, Cu, La, Sr, Y, Nd, Bi, and Pb.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the vinyl group is selected from a methacrylate, acrylate group or mixtures thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the second functional unit is selected from an epoxide, alcohol, amine or mixtures thereof.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the inorganic material further comprises RuO2, ruthenium-based polynary oxides or mixtures thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the inorganic material further comprises Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Cu or mixtures thereof.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic medium further comprises a photoinitiation system.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic medium further comprises a photohardenable monomer.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein said inorganic binder comprises, based on weight percent total glass binder composition: 55-85% Bi2O3, 0-20% SiO2, 0-5% Al2O3, 2-20% B2O3, 0-20% ZnO, 0-15% of one or more of oxides selected from BaO, CaO, and SrO; and 0-3% of one or more of oxides selected from Na2O, K2O, Cs2O, Li2O and mixtures thereof, and wherein said glass binder composition is lead-free or substantially lead-free.
10. The composition of claim 1 which is in the form of a paste suitable for screen-printing.
11. A sheet comprising a layer of the composition of claim 1 wherein the composition has been dried to remove the organic solvent.
12. An article comprising a layer of the composition of claim 1 wherein the composition has been heated to substantially remove the organic medium and substantially sinter the inorganic material.
13. A black electrode formed from the composition of claim 1.
14. A single layer black electrode formed from the composition of claim 6.
15. A flat panel display device comprising the electrode of any one of claims 13 and 14.