1. A fractionation device for separating solutes or some of the solutes in a raw liquid by a membrane comprising
1) a supply part for loading the raw liquid;
2) a filtration part for filtering some of the solutes in the raw liquid sent from the supply part;
3) a concentration part for concentrating the filtrate from the filtration part; and
4) a flow pump for sending a mobile phase introduced into the device at the time of fractionation, wherein a circuit composed of the filtration part, the concentration part, and a flow channel connecting the filtration part and the concentration part is a closed circuit.
2. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising
5) a recovery part for recovering the concentrated solution obtained in the concentration part, wherein a circuit composed of the supply part, the filtration part, and a flow channel connecting the supply part and the filtration part and a pipeline composed of the concentration part, the recovery part, and a flow channel connecting the concentration part and the recovery part are respectively closed circuit.
3. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the total inner capacity of the closed circuits is 50 mL or lower.
4. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a filtration apparatus is employed for the filtration part and the concentration part each.
5. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the filtration apparatus is a module having hollow fiber membranes.
6. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the flow channel connecting the supply part and the filtration part is provided with a pump.
7. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the recovery part is a container for sampling a concentrated liquid.
8. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a buffer part for buffering the volumetric alteration at the time of loading the raw liquid is installed at any position in the circuit.
9. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least a portion of the circuit composed of the supply part, the filtration part, the concentration part, the recovery part, and flow channels connecting the respective parts is assembled in a cartridge.
10. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the flow pump is a tube pump provided with a rotating rotor and a roller installed in a rotating manner in the outer circumference of the rotor and a portion of the outer wall of the cartridge is a squeezing member for squeezing a part of the flow channels of the circuit.
11. The fractionation device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the fractionation device is provided with a transportation mechanism for transporting the cartridge in the direction to and from the rotor of the roller type tube pump to squeeze a flow pipe.
12. The fractionation device as claimed in one of claim 1, wherein the raw liquid is a body fluid or a biological component-containing solution.
13. A fractionation device comprising a cartridge and a roller type tube pump for separating solutes or some of the solutes in a raw liquid by a membrane, wherein the cartridge comprises at least a portion of a circuit having at least a supply part for loading the raw liquid, means connected with the supply part by a flow channel for fractionating solutes of the raw liquid by a membrane, and a recovery part connected with the means for fractionating the solutes for recovering the fractionated solutes and the circuit is a closed circuit and a part of the outer wall of the cartridge is a squeezing member for squeezing the tube of the roller type tube pump and a part of the circuit is formed in a part of the outer wall of the squeezing member.
14. A circuit of a fractionation device for separating solutes or some of the solutes from a raw liquid by a membrane, including at least a portion comprising a supply part for loading the raw liquid, means connected with the supply part by a flow channel for fractionating solutes of the raw liquid by a membrane, and a recovery part connected with the means for fractionating the solutes for recovering the fractionated solutes in a cartridge, and being characterized in that the circuit is a closed circuit and a part of the outer wall of the cartridge forms a squeezing member and a tube forming a part of the circuit is installed in a portion of the outer wall of the squeezing member.
15. A biological component separation method for separating some of biological components by supplying a biological component-derived sample to an antibody-adsorbing-membrane separation system containing, in a middle or a rear part of the membrane separation system, an antibody capable of adsorbing specified proteins and having a permeation ratio of human \u03b11 microglobulin and human albumin (permeability of human \u03b11 microglobulinpermeability of human albumin) in a range from 1.5 or higher to 1000 or lower under a condition that no antibody adsorbing proteins exists in the system, wherein the concentration of proteins obtained by the separation is 10% or lower in 100% concentration achieved by the membrane separation system in the condition that no antibody exists.
16. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the specified proteins are serum albumin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, transferrin, haptoglobin, \u03b11-antitrypsin, \u03b12-macroglobulin, \u03b11-acid glycoprotein, fibrinogen, complement C1q, complement C3, complement C4, complement C8, complement C9, complement factor B, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, Lp(a), collagen, myosin, actin, cytokeratin, keratin, andor fibronectin.
17. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the antibody is polyclonal antibody, monoclonal, or their fragments containing the antigen recognition sites.
18. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the antibody is fixed in the membrane surface of the membrane separation system.
19. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the membrane separation system comprises columns containing separation membranes therein and arranged in multi-step in series and the antibody is fixed in the surface in the raw liquid side of the separation membrane of the column in the first stage.
20. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the membrane separation system comprises columns containing separation membranes therein and arranged in multi-step in series and the antibody is fixed in the surface in the permeation side of the separation membrane of the column in the first stage.
21. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the membrane separation system comprises columns containing separation membranes therein and arranged in multi-step in series and the antibody exists in the mobile phase in the flow channel between the membrane of the column in a prior stage and the membrane of the column in a posterior stage.
22. The biological component separation method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the membrane separation system comprises columns containing separation membranes therein and arranged in multi-step in series and the antibody is fixed in the flow channel between the membrane of the column in a prior stage and the membrane of the column in a posterior stage.
23. A biological component separation apparatus comprising a membrane separation apparatus having the permeation ratio of human \u03b11 microglobulin and human albumin in a range from 2 or higher and 1000 or lower and an antibody treatment apparatus containing an antibody in the middle or in the rear side of the flow channel of the membrane separation apparatus.
24. A protein fractionation method for fractionating proteins by bringing a solution containing a plurality of kinds of proteins and water into contact with a hollow fiber separation membrane, wherein the solution to be subjected to the fractionation contains an organic solvent.
25. The protein fractionation method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the content of the organic solvent is 1% by volume or higher and less than 20% by volume.
26. The protein fractionation method as claimed in claim 25, wherein the organic solvent is acetonitrile.
27. The protein fractionation method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the fractionation is carried out at 30\xb0 C. or lower.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of retraining a receiver comprising:
identifying a minimum transition density for a derived clock data link to the receiver; and
intermittently transmitting one or more retraining flits on the data link to the receiver to satisfy the minimum transition density, wherein modulation-coding is not employed.
2. The method of claim 1, further including:
defining control data and payload data for the retraining flit;
determining error detection data for the retraining flit based on the control data and the payload data, the control data, the payload data and the error detection data having sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density; and
transmitting the refraining flit to the receiver over the data link as part of a data signal.
3. The method of claim 2, further including:
defining the payload data to have a maximum possible number of transitions; and
staggering the payload data across a payload region of the flit based on switching noise constraints.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the flit has a width defined by a payload region and a sideband region, the payload region including the payload data and the sideband region including the error detection data and the control data.
5. The method of claim 2, further including transmitting multiple copies of the retraining flit to meet the minimum transition density.
6. The method of claim 2, further including:
counting an amount of time elapsed since a previous retraining flit was transmitted; and
transmitting the retraining flit based on the amount of time elapsed.
7. The method of claim 2, further including:
identifying a plurality of cyclic redundancy code (CRC) polynomials;
determining a corresponding CRC checksum for each of the plurality of CRC polynomials based on the control data and the payload data; and
selecting a CRC polynomial from the plurality of CRC polynomials, the selected CRC polynomial resulting in a CRC checksum that has sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density, the error detection data including the resulting CRC checksum.
8. The method of claim 7, further including calculating each corresponding CRC checksum.
9. The method of claim 2, further including:
receiving the retraining flit at the receiver as part of a data signal; and
checking the data signal for transmission errors.
10. The method of claim 9, further including:
adjusting an internal clock of the receiver based on a number of transitions in the data signal; and
filtering the retraining flit out of the data signal.
11. A method of refraining a receiver comprising:
identifying a required minimum transition density for a derived clock data link to the receiver;
counting an amount of time elapsed since a previous retraining flit was transmitted to the receiver;
defining control data and payload data for a current retraining flit;
staggering the payload data across a payload region of the current retraining flit based on switching noise constraints;
determining a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) checksum for the retraining flit based on the control data and the payload data, the control data, the payload data and the checksum having sufficient transitions to meet the required minimum transition density;
transmitting multiple copies of the current retraining flit to the receiver based on the required minimum transition density and the amount of time elapsed;
receiving the current retraining flit at the receiver as part of a data signal;
adjusting an internal clock of the receiver based on a number of transitions in the data signal;
checking the data signal for transmission errors; and
filtering the retraining flit out of the data signal, wherein modulation-coding is not employed.
12. The method of claim 11, further including:
identifying a plurality of CRC polynomials;
determining a corresponding CRC checksum for each of the plurality of CRC polynomials based on the control data and the payload data; and
selecting a CRC polynomial from the plurality of CRC polynomials, the selected CRC polynomial resulting in a CRC checksum that has sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density, the error detection data including the resulting CRC checksum.
13. The method of claim 11, further including calculating each corresponding CRC checksum.
14. A transmitter comprising:
a link controller to identify a minimum transition density for a derived clock data link to intermittently transmit over the data link one or more retraining flits to satisfy the minimum transition density, wherein modulation-coding is not employed.
15. The transmitter of claim 14, wherein the link controller is to transmit multiple copies of the retraining flit to meet the minimum transition density.
16. The transmitter of claim 14, further including a timer to count an amount of time elapsed since a previous retraining flit was transmitted, the link controller to transmit the retraining flit based on the amount of time elapsed.
17. The transmitter of claim 14, wherein the link controller further includes:
a data module to define control data and payload data for the retraining flit;
an error module to determine error detection data for the retraining flit based on the control data and the payload data, the control data, the payload data and the error detection data having sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density; and
a transmission module to transmit the retraining flit to the receiver over the data link as part of a data signal.
18. The transmitter of claim 17, wherein the data module is to define the payload data to have a maximum possible number of transitions and to stagger the payload data across a payload region of the flit based on switching noise constraints.
19. The transmitter of claim 17, wherein the flit is to have a width defined by a payload region and a sideband region, the payload region to include the payload data and the sideband region to include the error detection data and the control data.
20. The transmitter of claim 17, wherein the error module is to identify a plurality of cyclic redundancy code (CRC) polynomials, to determine a corresponding CRC checksum for each of the plurality of CRC polynomials based on the control data and the payload data, and to select a CRC polynomial from the plurality of CRC polynomials, the selected CRC polynomial to result in a CRC checksum that has sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density, the error detection data to include the resulting CRC checksum.
21. The transmitter of claim 20, wherein the error module is to calculate each corresponding CRC checksum.
22. A communication system comprising:
a derived clock data link;
a receiver coupled to the data link; and
a transmitter coupled to the data link, the transmitter including a link controller to identify a minimum transition density for the data link and to intermittently transmit a retraining flit to the receiver over the data link to satisfy the minimum transition density, wherein modulation-coding is not employed.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the receiver and the transmitter are processors and the data link is a bus interconnecting the processors.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein the link controller further includes:
a data module to define control data and payload data for the retraining flit; and
an error module to determine error detection data for the retraining flit based on the control data and the payload data, the control data, the payload data and the error detection data to have sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the error module is to identify a plurality of CRC polynomials, to determine a corresponding CRC checksum for each of the plurality of CRC polynomials based on the control data and the payload data, and to select a CRC polynomial from the plurality of CRC polynomials, the selected CRC polynomial to result in a CRC checksum that has sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density, the error detection data to include the resulting CRC checksum.
26. A machine readable medium comprising a stored set of instructions capable of being executed by a processor to:
identify a minimum transition density for a data link to a receiver; and
intermittently transmit a retraining flit to the receiver over the data link to satisfy the minimum transition density wherein modulation-coding is not employed.
27. The medium of claim 26, wherein the instructions are further capable of being executed to:
define control data and payload data for the retraining flit; and
determine error detection data for the retraining flit based on the control data and the payload data, the control data, the payload data and the error detection data having sufficient transitions to meet the minimum transition density.