1. A method of operating a digital signature collection system comprising:
during creation of a signature, receiving ultrasonic energy from an ultrasonic transmitter of an implement at a plurality of ultrasonic receivers;
during creation of the signature, receiving pressure information at a higher frequency receiver, wherein the pressure information is based on digital output from an analog-to-digital (AD) convertor, the digital output is based on an analog signal from a pressure sensor, the analog signal has an amplitude that is proportional to the amount of pressure applied by a tip of the implement, and the pressure information describes different amounts of pressure applied by the tip of the implement at different times during creation of the signature;
determining a plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy to determine a signature shape;
determining a plurality of pressure measurements versus time, from the pressure information, wherein the pressure measurements describe at least first and second amounts of pressure, the first amount corresponds to at least enough pressure to denote contact between the tip of the implement and a surface, and the second amount corresponds to a greater amount of pressure than the first amount; and
creating a digital representation of the signature, based on the determined locations and pressure measurements, wherein the digital representation comprises:
shape data pertaining to the plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter; and
pressure data pertaining to the plurality of pressure measurements, wherein the pressure data describes the at least first and second amounts of pressure.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein creating the digital representation of the signature comprises encrypting.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining velocity of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining acceleration of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein :
the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises encrypting the signature shape, the pressure measurements, and the acceleration into a packet; and
the method further comprises sending the packet to a processor for comparison with a reference signature that includes signature shape, pressure measurements, and acceleration.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including an IP address in the packet.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including a phone number in the packet.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein:
the pressure information comprises a characteristic that varies roughly in proportion to the amounts of pressure used at different parts of the signature.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the characteristic of the pressure information that varies roughly in proportion to the amounts of pressure used at different parts of the signature comprises at least one attribute from the group consisting of signal amplitude and signal phase.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein the digital representation comprises:
speed data pertaining to velocity of the ultrasonic transmitter during signature creation.
11. A method of operating a digital signature collection system comprising:
receiving ultrasonic energy from an ultrasonic transmitter of an implement at a plurality of ultrasonic receivers, wherein the ultrasonic energy pertains to a signature created with the implement;
receiving pressure information pertaining to the signature at a higher frequency receiver, wherein the pressure information comprises a characteristic that varies to describe different amounts of pressure applied by the implement at different times during creation of the signature;
determining a plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy to determine a signature shape;
determining a plurality of pressure measurements versus time, from the pressure information, wherein the pressure measurements describe at least first and second amounts of pressure, the first amount denotes at least enough pressure to denote contact between the implement and a surface, and the second amount denotes a greater amount of pressure than the first amount; and
creating a digital representation of the signature, based on the determined locations and pressure measurements.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the characteristic of the pressure information that varies to describe different amounts of pressure varies roughly in proportion to the amounts of pressure used at different parts of the signature.
13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the characteristic of the pressure information that varies roughly in proportion to the amounts of pressure used at different parts of the signature comprises at least one attribute from the group consisting of signal amplitude and signal phase.
14. A method according to claim 11, further comprising determining acceleration of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy.
15. A method according to claim 11, wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including, in the digital representation of the signature:
shape data pertaining to the plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter; and
pressure data pertaining to the plurality of pressure measurements, wherein the pressure data describes the at least first and second amounts of pressure.
16. A method according to claim 11, wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including, in the digital representation of the signature:
shape data pertaining to the plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter;
pressure data pertaining to the plurality of pressure measurements, wherein the pressure data describes the at least first and second amounts of pressure; and
speed data pertaining to velocity of the ultrasonic transmitter during signature creation.
17. At least one machine-readable medium comprising a plurality of instructions that in response to being executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations comprising:
receiving ultrasonic energy from an ultrasonic transmitter of an implement at a plurality of ultrasonic receivers, wherein the ultrasonic energy pertains to a signature created with the implement;
receiving pressure information pertaining to the signature at a higher frequency receiver, wherein the pressure information comprises a characteristic that varies to describe different amounts of pressure applied by the implement at different times during creation of the signature;
determining a plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter versus time, from the ultrasonic energy to determine a signature shape;
determining a plurality of pressure measurements versus time, from the pressure information, wherein the pressure measurements describe at least first and second amounts of pressure, the first amount denotes at least enough pressure to denote contact between the implement and a surface, and the second amount denotes a greater amount of pressure than the first amount; and
creating a digital representation of the signature, based on the determined locations and pressure measurements.
18. At least one machine-readable medium according to claim 17, wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including, in the digital representation of the signature:
shape data pertaining to the plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter; and
pressure data pertaining to the plurality of pressure measurements, wherein the pressure data describes the at least first and second amounts of pressure.
19. At least one machine-readable medium according to claim 18, wherein the implement comprises a pressure sensitive tip, and wherein:
the pressure data in the digital representation of the signature varies roughly in proportion to the amounts of pressure applied to the tip of the implement at different times during creation of the signature.
20. At least one machine-readable medium according to claim 17, wherein the operation of creating a digital representation of the signature comprises including, in the digital representation of the signature:
shape data pertaining to the plurality of locations of the ultrasonic transmitter;
pressure data pertaining to the plurality of pressure measurements, wherein the pressure data describes the at least first and second amounts of pressure; and
speed data pertaining to velocity of the ultrasonic transmitter during signature creation.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An image capturing device for detection of features of animal beings based on involuntary movement, the image capturing device comprising:
a camera configured to obtain data representing a first image and a second image including a portion of an animal being in a field of view of the camera, wherein the first image and the second image are such that the animal being has not voluntarily moved between the obtaining of the first image and the obtaining of the second image; and
an object detector including:
a difference calculator configured to receive the data representing the first image and the second image and determine a difference between portions of the first image and corresponding portions of the second image even though the first image and the second image are such that the animal being did not voluntarily moved between the obtaining of the first image and the obtaining of the second image, the difference determined as larger than zero at least in part because of the involuntary movement, and
a classifier configured to declare, based on the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, that a specific feature of the animal being has been detected in the field of view of the camera.
2. The image capturing device of claim 1, wherein
the difference calculator is configured to generate a difference image by performing a portion to portion comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image,
the difference image includes portions corresponding to the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image as determined by the comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, and
the portions of the difference image are binarily set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image and a threshold.
3. The image capturing device of claim 1, wherein the difference calculator is configured to perform a pixel by pixel comparison of pixels of the first image and corresponding pixels of the second image to determine difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image.
4. The image capturing device of claim 3, wherein the difference calculator is configured to generate a difference image whose pixels correspond to the difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image.
5. The image capturing device of claim 4, wherein the difference calculator is configured to binarily declare pixels of the difference image set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image and a threshold.
6. The image capturing device of claim 4, comprising:
a data store including data corresponding to sample features of animal beings including the specific feature,
wherein the classifier is configured to compare features in the difference image to the sample features to declare that the specific feature has been detected in the field of view of the camera.
7. The image capturing device of claim 4, wherein the classifier is configured to perform an optical character recognition (OCR) of the difference image to recognize a pattern in the difference image corresponding to the specific feature.
8. A method for detection of features of animal beings based on involuntary movement, the method comprising:
receiving a first image including a portion of an animal being in a field of view;
receiving a second image including the portion of the animal being in the field of view, wherein the first image and the second image are such that the animal being did not voluntarily moved between the first image and the second image as captured;
determining difference between portions of the first image and corresponding portions of the second image even though the first image and the second image are such that the animal being did not voluntarily moved between the obtaining of the first image and the obtaining of the second image, the difference determined as larger than zero at least in part because of the involuntary movement; and
declaring based on the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image that a specific feature of the animal being has been detected in the field of view.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image includes:
performing a pixel by pixel comparison of pixels of the first image and corresponding pixels of the second image to determine difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the determining the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image includes:
generating a difference image whose pixels correspond to the difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the determining the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image includes:
binarily declaring pixels of the difference image set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image and a threshold.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the declaring based on the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image that the specific feature of the animal being has been detected includes:
comparing features in the difference image to predetermined sample features of animal beings.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the declaring based on the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image that the specific feature of the animal being has been detected includes:
performing an optical character recognition (OCR) of the difference image to recognize a pattern in the difference image corresponding to the specific feature of the animal being.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image includes:
generating a difference image by performing a portion to portion comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, wherein the difference image includes portions corresponding to the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image as determined by the comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, and wherein the portions of the difference image are binarily set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image and a threshold.
15. An object detector for detection of features of animal beings based on involuntary movement, comprising:
a processor;
a data store operatively connected to the processor and including data representing a first image and a second image including a portion of an animal being in a field of view, wherein the first image and the second image are such that the animal being did not voluntarily moved between the first image and the second image as captured;
a difference calculator configured to receive the data representing the first image and the second image and determine difference between portions of the first image and corresponding portions of the second image even though the first image and the second image reflect that the animal being did not voluntarily moved between the obtaining of the first image and the obtaining of the second image, the difference determined as larger than zero at least in part because of the involuntary movement; and
a classifier configured to declare, based on the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, that a specific feature of the animal being has been detected in the field of view.
16. The object detector of claim 15, wherein
the difference calculator is configured to generate a difference image by performing a portion to portion comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image,
the difference image includes portions corresponding to the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image as determined by the comparison of the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image, and
the portions of the difference image are binarily set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the portions of the first image and the corresponding portions of the second image and a threshold.
17. The object detector of claim 15, wherein
the difference calculator is configured to:
perform a pixel by pixel comparison of pixels of the first image and corresponding pixels of the second image to determine difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image, and
binarily declaring pixels of a difference image set or unset based on a comparison of the difference between the pixels of the first image and the corresponding pixels of the second image and a threshold, and
the classifier is configured to:
compare features in the difference image to predetermined sample features to declare that the specific feature of the animal being has been detected in the field of view.