1. A system for governing the providing of power from first, second and third power sources to a load, the system comprising:
a first Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) device having first and second input ports and a first output port;
a second ATS device having third and fourth input ports and a second output port; and
at least one communication link coupling the first and second ATS devices,
wherein the second output port of the second ATS device is coupled to the second input port of the first ATS device, and
wherein a first signal is provided from the first ATS device to the second ATS device by way of the communication link when power should be supplied from the second ATS device to the first ATS device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first signal is a high voltage level.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein a second signal is provided from the first ATS device to the second ATS device when power should not be supplied from the second ATS device to the first ATS device.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the second signal is a low voltage level.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first ATS device determines that power should be supplied from the second ATS device to the first ATS device when the first ATS device detects a fault in the power being supplied to the first port of the first ATS device from the first power source.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first ATS device includes a first switching mechanism, wherein in a first state the first switching mechanism causes power to be supplied to the first output port from the first input port, wherein in a second state the first switching mechanism causes power to be supplied to the first output port from the second input port, and wherein in a third state the first switching mechanism prevents power from being supplied to the first output port from the first and second input ports.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the second ATS device includes a second switching mechanism, wherein in a fourth state the second switching mechanism causes power to be supplied to the second output port from the third input port, wherein in a fifth state the second switch mechanism causes power to be supplied to the second output port from the fourth input port, and wherein in a sixth state the second switch mechanism prevents power from being supplied to the second output port from the third and fourth input ports.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the first signal causes the second switching mechanism to enter one of the fourth and fifth states, and an absence of the first signal causes the second switching mechanism to enter the sixth state.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following is true:
the first ATS device includes at least one sensing device capable of detecting a characteristic of the power received at the first input port, and at least one control device capable of determining whether power should be supplied to the first ATS device from the second ATS device based upon whether the characteristic is detected; and
the first ATS provides the first signal causing the power to be supplied to the first ATS device from the second ATS device based upon one of a command and information provided to the first ATS device indicating that at least one of testing of a backup system and peak shaving operation is appropriate.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the first ATS device includes the control device, wherein the control device is further capable of producing the first signal to be provided to a control device of the second ATS device, and wherein the control device is also capable of detecting the characteristic that signifies that a fault has occurred or is expected to occur.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein the first ATS device further includes an additional input port.
12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a third ATS device having fifth and sixth input ports and a third output port, wherein the third output of the third ATS device is coupled to the fourth input port of the second ATS device, and wherein an additional communication link couples the second ATS device with the third ATS device.
13. A method of controlling the delivery of power from first, second and third power sources to a load, the method comprising:
providing a first Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) device having first and second input ports and a first output port, and a second ATS device having third and fourth input ports and a second output port, wherein the second output port is coupled to the second input port and wherein the second ATS device is additionally coupled to the first ATS device by a communication link;
providing a control signal from the first ATS device to the second ATS device by way of the communication link when it is determined that a first condition has occurred;
providing, by way of the second ATS device, power being supplied to at least one of the third and fourth input ports to the second input port of the first ATS device.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
sensing a power being supplied from one of the power sources to the first input port of the first ATS device; and
determining whether the power being supplied at the first input port satisfies a characteristic.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
sensing a status of the power being supplied at the third and fourth input ports; and
determining at the second ATS device, upon receiving the control signal, which of the powers being supplied at the third and fourth input ports is communicated to the second input port.
16. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
modifying the control signal when it is determined that the power being supplied at the first input port no longer satisfies the characteristic.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first condition is at least one of: an occurrence of a fault; an indication that a fault is about to occur; an indication that a test is being performed; and an indication that peak shaving is being performed.
18. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
providing a third ATS device having fifth and sixth input ports and a third output port, wherein the third output port is coupled to the fourth input port, and wherein the third ATS device is further coupled to one of the first and second ATS devices by an additional communication link.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein at least one of the first and second ATS devices includes an additional input port.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A coating forming composition, comprising:
at least one kind selected from the group of metal nanowires and metal nanotubes as a first component;
a polymer compound having a hydroxyl group as a second component;
at least one kind selected from hydroxide containing a group 13 element or a transition metal element, acylate containing a group 13 element or a transition metal element, alkoxide containing a group 13 element or a transition metal element and a complex containing a group 13 element or a transition metal element as a third component; and
a solvent.
2. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, wherein the third component is at least one kind selected from the group of alkoxide containing a transition metal element, acylate containing a transition metal element and a complex containing a transition metal element.
3. The coating forming composition according to claim 2, wherein the transition metal of the third component is titanium.
4. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, wherein the second component is at least one kind selected from the group of a homopolymer of vinyl alcohol and a copolymer thereof, a homopolymer of hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate and a copolymer thereof, a homopolymer of hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylamide and a copolymer thereof, and polysaccharides and a derivative thereof.
5. The coating forming composition according to claim 4, wherein the second component contains at least one kind selected from the group of polysaccharides and a derivative thereof, and a homopolymer of vinyl alcohol and a copolymer thereof.
6. The coating forming composition according to claim 5, wherein the second component contains at least one kind selected from the group of polysaccharides and a derivative thereof, and at least one kind selected from the group of a homopolymer of vinyl alcohol and a copolymer thereof.
7. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, wherein the first component is in the range of 0.01% by weight to 1.0% by weight, the second component is in the range of 0.0050% by weight to 5.0% by weight, the third component is in the range of 0.000050% by weight to 5.0% by weight, and the solvent is in the range of 89.0% by weight to 99.98% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating forming composition.
8. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one kind selected from the group of an isocyanate compound, an epoxy compound, an aldehyde compound, an amine compound and a methylol compound, as a fourth component.
9. The coating forming composition according to claim 8, containing a methylol compound as the fourth component.
10. The coating forming composition according to claim 8, wherein the first component is in the range of 0.01% by weight to 1.0% by weight, the second component is in the range of 0.0050% by weight to 5.0% by weight, the third component is in the range of 0.000050% by weight to 5.0% by weight, the fourth component is in the range of 0.000050% by weight to 5.0% by weight, and the solvent is in the range of 84.0% by weight to 99.98% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating forming composition.
11. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, wherein the first component is silver nanowires.
12. The coating forming composition according to claim 1, used for forming a coating having conductivity.
13. A substrate having a transparent conductive film obtained using the coating forming composition according to claim 12, wherein a thickness of the transparent conductive film is in the range of 5 nanometers to 500 nanometers, a surface electrical resistance of the transparent conductive film is in the range of 10\u03a9\u25a1 to 5,000\u03a9\u25a1, and a total transmittance of the transparent conductive film is 85% or more.
14. A device element, using the substrate according to claim 13.