1. A method for retrofitting a reinforced concrete column using multi-layered steel plates, comprising the steps of:
pressing a first reinforcing plate on the reinforced concrete column where the first reinforcing plate is equipped to directly contact to wrap an outer surface of the reinforced concrete column;
tightly bonding an edge surface for connecting the first reinforcing plate on the reinforced concrete column so as to consolidate the compressed first reinforcing plate;
pressing a second reinforcing plate on the first reinforcing plate where the second reinforcing plate is equipped to directly contact to wrap an outer surface of the first reinforcing plate; and
tightly bonding an edge surface for connecting the second reinforcing plate to the first reinforcing plate so as to consolidate the compressed second reinforcing plate,
wherein, at least double-layered or more reinforcing plates are compressed on the outer surface of the reinforced concrete column in sequence, and the first and second reinforcing plates are made from steel plates.
2. The retrofitting method of claim 1, wherein the edge surface for connecting the second reinforcing plate to the first reinforcing plate is tightly attached by a welding.
3. The retrofitting method of claim 2, wherein the second reinforcing plate is comprised of one or more reinforcing plates, and a strip reinforcing plate is further formed so as to traverse the edge surface in the outermost of the second reinforcing plates, the strip reinforcing plate being made from a steel plate.
4. The retrofitting method of claim 1, wherein the first and second reinforcing plates are made from the same thickness or different thickness.
5. The retrofitting method of claim 4, wherein the reinforced concrete column is a circular sectioned reinforced concrete column.
6. A retrofit for reinforced concrete column using multi-layered steel plates, comprising:
a first reinforcing plate being equipped and compressed to directly contact to wrap an outer surface of the reinforced concrete column, and being tightly attached by a welding process so as to consolidate an edge surface for connecting to the reinforced concrete column, wherein the first reinforcing plate is made from a steel plate;
a second reinforcing plate being equipped and compressed to directly contact to wrap an outer surface of the first reinforcing plate, and being tightly attached by a welding process so as to consolidate an edge surface for connecting to the first reinforcing plate, wherein the second reinforcing plate is made from at least one layer or more steel plates; and
at least one or more strip reinforcing plates being formed by a welding process so as to traverse the edge surface in the outermost of the second reinforcing plates, wherein the strip reinforcing plate is made from a steel plate.
7. The retrofit of claim 6, wherein the first and second reinforcing plates are formed on the circular sectioned reinforced concrete columns, and the first and second reinforcing plates are reinforcing plates made from the same thickness or different thickness.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A light emitting device, comprising:
a mount substrate;
at least one semiconductor light emitting element;
a wavelength conversion layer containing at least one material which absorbs first light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element, and emits second light having a longer wavelength than the first light; and
a light scattering layer containing a reflecting material which reflects the first light and the second light, wherein
the light scattering layer is provided above a light emitting surface of the semiconductor light emitting element, and
part of the light scattering layer immediately above a central part of the light emitting surface of the semiconductor light emitting element has a higher density of the reflecting material than part of the light scattering layer except for the part immediately above the central part of the light emitting surface.
2. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
the reflecting material is made of an insulator or metal.
3. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
the wavelength conversion layer contains a fluorescent material.
4. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
the mount substrate is made of metal or an insulator which reflects the first light and the second light.
5. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
a reflective part which reflects the first light and the second light is provided around the semiconductor light emitting element.
6. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
a layer through which the first light and the second light pass is formed around the semiconductor light emitting element to be in contact with part of the semiconductor light emitting element except for the light emitting surface.
7. The light emitting device of claim 1, further comprising:
a lens which collects or scatters the first light and the second light.
8. The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein
the semiconductor light emitting element is made of a nitride semiconductor.
9. A surface light source, comprising:
multiple ones of the light emitting device of claim 1, arranged at regular intervals in a column direction and a line direction.
10. The light emitting device of claim 2, wherein
the wavelength conversion layer contains a fluorescent material.