1. An internal combustion engine, comprising:
a working cylinder having two intake valves and two exhaust valves assigned thereto;
a first camshaft and a second camshaft each actuating a respective one of said intake valves and a respective one of said exhaust valves;
said first camshaft being configured as a variable camshaft with an adjuster for adjusting valve control times;
said first camshaft including an outer shaft and an inner shaft, said outer shaft being configured as a hollow shaft, said inner shaft being disposed within said outer shaft, said outer shaft and said inner shaft each including at least a respective one of a plurality of cams;
said outer shaft as well as said inner shaft being rotatable by said adjuster, said outer shaft and said inner shaft being rotatable relative to one another by said adjuster such that relative positions of given ones of said cams controlling given ones of said intake and exhaust valves are changeable; and
a crankshaft, said second camshaft being driven by said crankshaft, and said second camshaft being configured as a fixed camshaft, wherein control times of the respective one of said intake valves and of the respective one of said exhaust valves assigned to said fixed camshaft are unchangeably set.
2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said fixed camshaft is deactivatable.
3. A method for operating an engine, the method which comprises:
providing an internal combustion engine having a working cylinder with two intake valves and two exhaust valves assigned thereto, the internal combustion engine having a first camshaft and a second camshaft each actuating a respective one of the intake valves and a respective one of the exhaust valves, the first camshaft being configured as a variable camshaft with an adjuster for adjusting valve control times, the first camshaft including an outer shaft and an inner shaft, the outer shaft being configured as a hollow shaft, the inner shaft being disposed within the outer shaft, the outer shaft and the inner shaft each including at least a respective one of a plurality of cams, the outer shaft as well as the inner shaft being rotatable by using the adjuster, the outer shaft and the inner shaft being rotatable relative to one another by using the adjuster such that relative positions of given ones of the cams controlling given ones of the intake and exhaust valves are changeable, the second camshaft being driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and the second camshaft being configured as a fixed camshaft; and
operating the internal combustion engine in at least one operating range selected from the group consisting of a first operating range, a second operating range and a third operating range, wherein in the first operating range, which is characterized by medium to high loads and low to medium rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine, valve control times of the respective ones of the intake and exhaust valves actuated by the variable camshaft substantially correspond to valve control times of the intake and exhaust valves actuated by the fixed camshaft, wherein in the second operating range, which is in comparison to the first operating range characterized by higher rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine, valve control times of the respective one of the intake valves actuated by the variable camshaft are adjusted to late and valve control times of the respective one of the exhaust valves are adjusted to early, and wherein in the third operating range, which is characterized by low to medium loads of the internal combustion engine, valve control times of the respective one of the exhaust valves actuated by the variable camshaft substantially correspond to valve control times of the respective one of the exhaust valves actuated by the fixed camshaft and valve control times of the respective one of the intake valves actuated by the variable camshaft are adjusted to late.
4. The method for operating an engine according to claim 3, which comprises:
adjusting valve control times of the respective one of the intake valves actuated by the variable camshaft to early and adjusting valve control times of the respective one of the exhaust valves to late in a cold running of the internal combustion engine; and
deactivating the fixed camshaft.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A stacker for plate members, comprising:
a platform (15) on which plate members (20) transferred at a predetermined rate are to be stacked; and
at least one pair of guides (11, 13) disposed at both sides of said platform (15) relative to a transferring direction of the plate members (20), each of said guides (11, 13) having a ridge (12a, 14a) spirally formed on a rotational axial portion (12, 14) and a groove (12b, 14b) formed along said ridge (12a, 14a),
wherein said at least one pair of guides (11, 13) are rotated with opposite edges of the plate member (20) engaged with said grooves (12b, 14b) of said at least one pair of guides (11, 13), to thereby move the plate member (20) toward said platform (15).
2. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein said platform (15) is moved in the same direction as a moving direction of the plate member (20) toward said platform (15) at a rate corresponding to a stacking rate of plate members.
3. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, further comprising a stopper (17) for stopping a forward movement of the plate member (20) by coming in contact with a front end portion of the plate member (20), said stopper (17) being disposed at a front side of said platform (15).
4. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein one of said pair of guides (11) has a spiral ridge (12a) and the other thereof (13) has a reverse spiral ridge (14a), and wherein both of said pair of guides (11, 13) are rotated so that the plate member (20) is transferred forward.
5. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein a width (H) of a top portion of said ridge (12a, 14a) is set to be smaller than a width of a basal portion of said ridge.
6. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein the plate member (20) is 0.15 mm or less in thickness.
7. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein the plate member (20) has a dented portion andor a protruded portion at one side or both sides of the plate member.
8. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein the plate member (20) is transferred to said stacker (10) by a transferring apparatus (5).
9. The stacker for plate members as recited in claim 1, wherein the plate member (20) is a member sheared by a flying shear (1) and transferred to said stacker (10) by a transferring apparatus (5) disposed at an exit side of said flying shear (1).
10. Stacked plate members stacked by said stacker as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A method of stacking plate members, including the steps of:
preparing a stacker comprising a platform (15) on which plate members (20) transferred at a predetermined rate are to be stacked, and at least one pair of guides (11, 13) disposed at both sides of said platform (15) relative to a transferring direction of the plate members (20), each of said guides (11, 13) having a ridge (12a, 14a) spirally formed on a rotational axial portion (12, 14) and a groove (12b, 14b) formed along said ridge (12a, 14a); and
rotating said at least one pair of guides (11, 13) with opposite edges of the plate member (20) engaged with said grooves (12b, 14b) of said at least one pair of guides (11, 13), to thereby move the plate member (20) toward said platform (15).
12. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein said platform (15) is moved in the same direction as a moving direction of the plate member (20) toward said platform (15) at a rate corresponding to a stacking rate of plate members.
13. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, further comprising a step of stopping a forward movement of the plate member (20) by abutting a front end portion of the plate member (20) with a stopper (17), said stopper (17) being disposed at a front side of said platform (15).
14. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein one of said pair of guides (11) has a spiral ridge (12a) and the other thereof (13) has a reverse spiral ridge (14a), and wherein said pair of guides (11, 13) are rotated so that the plate member (20) is transferred forward.
15. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein a width (H) of a top portion of said ridge (12a, 14a) is set to be smaller than a width of a basal portion of said ridge.
16. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein the plate member (20) is 0.15 mm or less in thickness.
17. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein the plate member (20) has a dented portion andor a protruded portion at one side or both sides of the plate member.
18. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein the plate member (20) is transferred to said stacker (10) by a transferring apparatus (5).
19. The method of stacking plate members as recited in claim 11, wherein the plate member (20) is a member sheared by a flying shear (1) and transferred to said stacker (10) by a transferring apparatus (5) disposed at an exit side of said flying shear (1).
20. Stacked plate members stacked by said method as recited in any one of claims 11 to 19.