1-13. (canceled)
14. A liquid flow control unit to regulate the flow of an incoming liquid simultaneously with or before said liquid exits said unit, said unit including a body having an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein:
said upper portion is adapted to receive said incoming liquid; and
said lower portion includes two or more series of perforations, each series spaced from an adjacent series, the total area represented by any one of said series of perforations differing from the total area of an adjacent said series of perforations.
15. A liquid flow control unit as defined in claim 14 wherein, said total area of an upper of said one series of perforations is greater than said total area of a lower of said adjacent series of perforations.
16. A liquid flow control unit as defined in claim 14, wherein said flowing liquid is flowing water.
17. A device of the type having a separation unit with an inlet to receive flowing liquid containing non-dissolved impurities therein and an outlet for said flowing liquid from which said impurities have been removed, said device characterised in that said separation unit includes a flow control unit as defined in claim 14.
18. A device as defined in claim 17 wherein, said separation unit includes an uppermost portion in communication with said flow control unit, said uppermost portion being adapted to receive said flowing liquid containing said impurities and direct said flowing liquid containing said impurities into said flow control unit.
19. A device as defined in claim 17 wherein, said separation unit is adapted to separate said impurities from said flowing liquid received therein before said flowing liquid exits said lower portion of said flow control unit; said lower portion being further adapted to retain therein said impurities thus separated from said flowing liquid.
20. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein, said separation unit is adapted to separate said impurities from said flowing liquid received therein before said flowing liquid exits said lower portion of said flow control unit; said lower portion being further adapted to retain therein said impurities thus separated from said flowing liquid.
21. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion at a point remote from said inlet.
22. A device as defined in claim 19 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion at a point remote from said inlet.
23. A device as defined in claim 21 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion in a downward circular-like motion.
24. A device as defined in claim 22 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion in a downward circular-like motion.
25. A device as defined in claim 17 wherein, said uppermost portion and said flow control unit are removably connected together.
26. A device as defined in claim 25 wherein, a removable filter medium is secured within said lower portion.
27. A device as defined in claim 17 wherein, said flowing liquid is flowing water.
28. A method of separating non-dissolved impurities from flowing liquid, said method including passing said flowing liquid through a device as defined in claim 17.
29. A liquid flow control unit of the type having an inlet to receive flowing liquid and an outlet for exiting said flowing liquid, said liquid flow control unit including a body having an upper portion adapted to receive incoming said flowing liquid and a lower portion adapted to regulate the flow of said flowing liquid simultaneously with or before said liquid exits said body by controlling the direction of said flow of said liquid exiting said body such that the rate of flow of said liquid as it exits said body is less than the rate of flow of said incoming liquid.
30. A liquid flow control unit as defined in claim 29, wherein said flowing liquid is flowing water.
31. A device of the type having a separation unit with an inlet to receive flowing liquid containing non-dissolved impurities therein and an outlet for said flowing liquid from which said impurities have been removed, said device characterised in that said separation unit includes a flow control unit as defined in claim 29.
32. A device as defined in claim 31 wherein, said separation unit includes an uppermost portion in communication with said flow control unit, said uppermost portion being adapted to receive said flowing liquid containing said impurities and direct said flowing liquid containing said impurities into said flow control unit.
33. A device as defined in claim 31 wherein, said separation unit is adapted to separate said impurities from said flowing liquid received therein before said flowing liquid exits said lower portion of said flow control unit; said lower portion being further adapted to retain therein said impurities thus separated from said flowing liquid.
34. A device as defined in claim 32 wherein, said separation unit is adapted to separate said impurities from said flowing liquid received therein before said flowing liquid exits said lower portion of said flow control unit; said lower portion being further adapted to retain therein said impurities thus separated from said flowing liquid.
35. A device as defined in claim 32 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion at a point remote from said inlet.
36. A device as defined in claim 33 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion at a point remote from said inlet.
37. A device as defined in claim 35 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion in a downward circular-like motion.
38. A device as defined in claim 36 wherein, said uppermost portion is adapted to direct said flowing liquid into said lower portion in a downward circular-like motion.
39. A device as defined in claim 31 wherein, said uppermost portion and said flow control unit are removably connected together.
40. A device as defined in claim 39 wherein, a removable filter medium is secured within said lower portion.
41. A device as defined in claim 31 wherein, said flowing liquid is flowing water.
42. A method of separating non-dissolved impurities from flowing liquid, said method including passing said flowing liquid through a device as defined in claim 31.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for defining the relationship between frequency and amplitude of a pulse function for acting on a data stream for transmission in a telecommunications system to compensate for distortion by a component of the transmitter, the method comprising:
defining desired cost parameters on the basis of the telecommunications system requirements and the distortion to be compensated for; and
defining the amplitude of the pulse function over a range of frequencies in dependence on the desired cost parameters.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compensation is for non linear distortion.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein defining the distortion to be compensated for comprises defining first and second distortions.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first and second distortions relate to different component tolerances.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises weighting the first and second distortions.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compensation is for distortion by a linear component of the transmitter.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the compensation is for distortion by a reconstruction filter.
8. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the compensation is for distortion by a non linear component of the transmitter.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the compensation is for distortion by a power amplifier.
10. A method for defining the relationship between frequency and amplitude of a pulse function for acting on a data stream for transmission in a telecommunications system to compensate for distortion by first and second components of the transmitter, the method comprising:
the method of claim 1 for defining the amplitude of the pulse function over a range of frequencies in dependence on the desired cost parameters for the first component;
defining the cost parameters for the second component on the basis of the distortion to be compensated for in the second component; and
defining the amplitude of the pulse function over a range of frequencies in dependence upon the cost parameters of the second component and the pulse function defined for the first component.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the compensation for distortion by the first component is compensation for distortion by a linear component of the transmitter, and wherein the compensation for distortion by the second component is compensation for non linear distortion.
12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the compensation is for distortion by a non linear component of the transmitter.
13. A method according to claim 10, wherein the desired cost parameters are selected from one or more of the group including component tolerances, power efficiency, spectral efficiency, bit error rate, AFC, Nyquist, and energy.
14. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein desired cost parameters are defined on the basis of TDMA telecommunications system requirements.
15. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein desired cost parameters are defined on the basis of GSM requirements.
16. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the pulse function is defined such that a pulse of Gaussian shape may be transmitted.
17. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein desired cost parameters are defined on the basis of CDMA requirements.
18. A method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the pulse function is defined such that a pulse of root raised cosine shape may be transmitted.
19. A method according to claim 10, wherein the amplitude of the pulse function over a range of frequencies is defined in an iterative process in which the pulse function is altered and the cost parameters determined until an acceptable balance of cost parameters is achieved.
20. A method according to claim 10, wherein the method comprises the step of weighting the respective cost parameters.
21. A method according to claim 20, wherein an acceptable balance between the cost parameters is achieved by optimizing the respective costs with the respective weightings.
22. A method according to claim 21, wherein the optimization is performed using an optimizer computer programme.
23. A pulse function generator for converting a data stream in accordance with a pulse function shaped in accordance with the relationship defined by the method of claim 10.
24. A modulator for providing a signal for transmission in a telecommunication system comprising:
means for shaping a data stream in accordance with the pulse function generator of claim 23.
25. A modulator according to claim 24, wherein the means for shaping comprises a look-up table.
26. A transceiver for a communication device comprising a modulator in accordance with claim 24 and a demodulator.
27. A communication device operable in communication system comprising a transceiver according to claim 26.
28. A dual mode communication device operable in a first mode in a TDMA telecommunications system in which a channel is a combination of frequency and timeslot and a second mode in a CDMA telecommunications system, comprising a modulator for modulating a data stream with a carrier signal in accordance with a predetermined modulation scheme in both the first and second modes of operation and a pulse function generator for shaping a data stream in accordance with respective pulse functions responsive to the mode of operation of the radio telephone and distortion by a component of the transmitter.
29. A dual mode communication device operable in a first mode when a first set of cost parameters are desired and in a second mode when a second set of cost parameters are desired, the radiotelephone comprising:
a first pulse function generator for converting a data stream in accordance with a pulse function shaped in dependence on the first set of desired cost parameters;
a second pulse function generator for converting data stream in accordance with a pulse function shaped in dependence on the second set of desired cost parameters; and
means for selecting the pulse function generator in accordance with the mode of operation of the phone;
wherein at least one of the pulse functions is shaped in accordance with the relationship defined by the method of claim 1.
30. A communication device as claimed in claim 29, which is operable at a first data rate in the first mode and a second data rate in the second mode.
31. A communication device as claimed in claim 29, wherein the first data rate supports voice applications and the second data rate supports data applications.
32. A dual mode communication device operable in a first mode when a first set of cost parameters are desired and in a second mode when a second set of cost parameters are desired, the radiotelephone comprising:
a modulator for modulating a data stream with a carrier signal in accordance with a predetermined modulation scheme in both the first and second modes of operation;
a first pulse function generator for shaping a data stream in accordance with a pulse function shaped in dependence on the first set of desired cost parameters and distortion by a component of the transmitter;
a second pulse function generator for shaping a data stream in accordance with a pulse function shaped in dependence on the second set of desired cost parameters and distortion by a component of the transmitter; and
means for selecting the pulse function generator in accordance with the mode of operation of the phone.
33. A method for selecting a modulation scheme for a communication system using a predetermined transmitter, the method comprising:
defining a pulse function for a first modulation scheme in accordance with the method as claimed in claim 1;
defining a pulse function for a second modulation scheme for the same desired cost parameters;
determining the resultant cost parameters for each scheme; and
selecting the modulation scheme which gives good resultant cost parameters given the desired ones.