1. A power supply for controlling current, the power supply comprising:
a transformer which converts a first current into a second current and supplies the second current to a load line unit;
a sampler which samples a peak value of the first current;
an integrator which uses a signal proportional to the peak value of the first current and outputs a signal proportional to an average value of a current flowing through the load line unit; and
a switching controller which controls a time during which the first current flows by means of the output signal of the integrator.
2. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, wherein, with respect to a time during which energy stored in a first side of the transformer is completely transferred to a second side of the transformer, the integrator integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current.
3. The power supply for controlling current of claim 2, wherein the integrator calculates the energy transfer time by sensing a voltage applied to both ends of a first coil, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
4. The power supply for controlling current of claim 2, wherein the integrator obtains a voltage having the same waveform as that of a voltage applied to a first coil by adding an auxiliary coil to the transformer, calculates the energy transfer time by detecting a voltage variation of the auxiliary coil, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
5. The power supply for controlling current of claim 2, wherein the integrator calculates the energy transfer time by detecting a voltage variation of a connection portion between a first coil of the transformer and a switch controlling the onoff of the first current, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
6. The power supply for controlling current of claim 5, wherein the integrator integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current from a time when the voltage of the connection portion between the first coil and the switch becomes higher than the voltage applied to, the first side to a time when both the voltages become equal to each other.
7. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, further comprising a switch switching the first current onoff, wherein the sampler samples the first current during the on-state of the switch and holds the first current of the moment when the switch becomes in an off-state as the peak value of the first current, and wherein the switching controller controls a turn-on time of the switch through the output signal of the integrator.
8. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, further comprising a level detector transferring a reset signal to the integrator.
9. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, wherein, with respect to a time during which energy stored in a first side of the transformer is completely transferred to a second side of the transformer, the integrator integrates a difference between the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current and a first predetermined reference value Vref1, and integrates a negative value of the first predetermined reference value Vref1 while the energy is not transferred by the transformer.
10. The power supply for controlling current of claim 9, wherein the integrator has a second predetermined reference value Vref2 as a reference value, and further comprising:
a first comparator which compares a value received from the integrator with a third predetermined reference value Vref2+\u0394V;
a second comparator which compares a value received from the integrator with a fourth predetermined reference value Vref2\u2212\u0394V; and
a compensator which compensates and changes the values transferred from the two comparators into a signal corresponding to an on-time of the switch, and transfers the compensated values to the switching controller.
11. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, further comprising a second sampler which samples and holds the output signal of the integrator, and transfers the signal to the switching controller.
12. The power supply for controlling current of claim 11, wherein, with respect to a time during which energy stored in a first side of the transformer is completely transferred to a second side of the transformer, the integrator integrates a difference between the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current and a first predetermined reference value Vref1, and integrates a negative value of the first predetermined reference value Vref1 while the energy is not transferred by the transformer.
13. The power supply for controlling current of claim 12, wherein the integrator has a second predetermined reference value Vref2 as a reference value, and further comprising:
a comparator which compares a value received from the second sampler with the second reference value Vref2; and
a compensator which compensates and changes the value transferred from the comparator into a signal corresponding to an on-time of the switch, and transfers the compensated value to the switching controller.
14. The power supply for controlling current of claim 1, wherein the load line unit comprises at least one light emitting device.
15. A power supply for controlling current, the power supply comprising:
a transformer which converts a first current into a second current and supplies the second current to a load line unit;
a first sampler which samples a peak value of the first current;
an integrator which uses a signal proportional to the peak value of the first current and outputs a signal proportional to an average value of a current flowing through the load line unit;
a second sampler which samples the output signal of the integrator;
a level detector which transfers a reset signal to the integrator and the second sampler; and
a switching controller which controls a time during which the first current flows by means of the output signal of the second sampler.
16. The power supply for controlling current of claim 15, wherein the level detector updates an integration cycle of the integrator and a sampling cycle of the second sampler in accordance with a cycle of an input voltage.
17. The power supply for controlling current of claim 16, wherein the level detector updates a switch-on time every half cycle of an input power.
18. The power supply for controlling current of claim 15, wherein, with respect to a time during which energy stored in a first side of the transformer is completely transferred to a second side of the transformer, the integrator integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current.
19. The power supply for controlling current of claim 18, wherein the integrator calculates the energy transfer time by sensing a voltage applied to both ends of a first coil, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
20. The power supply for controlling current of claim 18, wherein the integrator obtains a voltage having the same waveform as that of a voltage applied to a first coil by adding an auxiliary coil to the transformer, calculates the energy transfer time by detecting a voltage variation of the first coil, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
21. The power supply for controlling current of claim 18, wherein the integrator calculates the energy transfer time by detecting a voltage variation of a connection portion between a first coil of the transformer and a switch controlling the onoff of the first current, and integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current for the energy transfer time.
22. The power supply for controlling current of claim 21, wherein the integrator integrates the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current, from a time when the voltage of the connection portion between the first coil and the switch becomes higher than the voltage applied to the first side to a time when both the voltages become equal to each other.
23. The power supply for controlling current of claim 15, further comprising a switch switching the first current onoff,
wherein the first sampler samples the first current during the on-state of the switch and holds the first current of the moment when the switch becomes in an off-state as the peak value of the first current,
wherein the level detector transfers the reset signal to the integrator in accordance with a cycle of an input voltage,
wherein the second sampler samples the output signal of the integrator while the reset signal of the level detector is in a low-state, and holds the output signal of the integrator while the reset signal of the level detector is in a high-state, and then transfers the output signal of the integrator to the switching controller, and
wherein the switching controller controls a turn-on time of the switch through the output signal of the integrator from the second sampler.
24. The power supply for controlling current of claim 15, wherein, with respect to a time during which energy stored in a first side of the transformer is completely transferred to a second side of the transformer, the integrator integrates a difference between the signal proportional to the peak value of the first current and a first predetermined reference value Vref1, and integrates a negative value of the first predetermined reference value Vref1 while the energy is not transferred by the transformer.
25. The power supply for controlling current of claim 24, wherein the integrator has a second predetermined reference value Vref2 as a reference value, and further comprising:
a comparator which compares a value received from the second sampler with the second reference value Vref2; and
a compensator which compensates and changes the value transferred from the comparator into a signal corresponding to an on-time of the switch, and transfers the compensated value to the switching controller.
26. (canceled)
27. The power supply for controlling current of claim 26, wherein the integrator has a second predetermined reference value Vref2 as a reference value, and further comprising:
a first comparator which compares a value received from the second sampler with a third predetermined reference value Vref2+\u0394V;
a second comparator which compares a value received from the second sampler with a fourth predetermined reference value Vref2\u2212\u0394V; and
a compensator which compensates and changes the values transferred from the two comparators into a signal corresponding to an on-time of the switch, and transfers the compensated values to the switching controller.
28. The power supply for controlling current of claim 15, wherein the load line unit comprises at least one light emitting device.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A syringe assembly comprising:
a syringe barrel having an elongated body defining a chamber for retaining fluid, an open proximal end, a distal end and a frusto-conically shaped tip extending from said distal end having a tip passageway therethrough in fluid communication with said chamber, said chamber having an inside diameter of at least about 13.5 mm (0.53 inch), said chamber having a distal end defined by a distal wall through which said passageway passes;
a stopper in fluid-tight engagement inside said barrel;
a elongated rigid plunger rod defining a longitudinal axis and extending proximally from said stopper through said open proximal end of said barrel, a flange at a proximal end of said plunger rod said flange being shaped and positioned to limit the distal motion of said plunger rod in said barrel by contacting said proximal end of said barrel;
a tip cap releasably connected to said tip for sealing said passageway; and injectable liquid in said chamber.
2. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein the injectable liquid is selected from the group consisting of saline flush solution and heparin lock flush solution.
3. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said stopper and said plunger rod are dimensioned so that when said plunger rod flange contacts said proximal end of said barrel there is a space between at least a portion of the distal end of said stopper and said distal wall of said barrel.
4. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said plunger rod flange is smaller than said proximal end of barrel at said open proximal end when measured in a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal axis so that said flange does not extend radially beyond said barrel.
5. The syringe assembly of claim 1 further including volume measuring indicia on said barrel.
6. The syringe assembly of claim 5 wherein said volume measuring indicia indicates the stopper position for a chamber volume of about 3 ml.
7. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein the length of said stopper and said plunger rod measured from the distal side of said flange to the distal end of said stopper is about 51 mm (2.0 inches) or less.
8. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a tamper evident barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
9. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a sterile barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
10. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said stopper is made of material selected from the group of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers and combinations thereof.
11. The syringe assembly of claim 1 wherein said tip cap is formed of material selected from the group of thermoplastic material and elastomeric material.
12. A syringe assembly comprising:
a syringe barrel having an elongated body defining a chamber for retaining fluid, an open proximal end, a distal end and a frusto-conically shaped tip extending from said distal end having a tip passageway therethrough in fluid communication with said chamber, said chamber having an inside diameter of at least about 14 mm (0.55 inch), said chamber having a distal end defined by a distal wall through which said passageway passes, the length of said chamber being no more than about 57 mm (2.25 inches);
a stopper in fluid-tight engagement inside said barrel;
an elongated rigid plunger rod defining a longitudinal axis and extending proximally from said stopper through said open proximal end of said barrel; and
injectable liquid in said chamber.
13. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein the length of said chamber is no more than about 44.5 mm (1.75 inches).
14. The syringe assembly of claim 12 further including a tip cap releasably connected to said tip for sealing said passageway.
15. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein said chamber contains no more than 3.3 ml of injectable liquid.
16. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein the injectable liquid is selected from the group consisting of saline flush solution and heparin lock flush solution.
17. The syringe assembly of claim 12 further including volume measuring indicia on said barrel.
18. The syringe assembly of claim 17 wherein said volume measuring indicia indicates the stopper position for a chamber volume of about 3 ml.
19. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a tamper evident barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
20. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a sterile barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
21. The syringe assembly of claim 12 wherein said stopper is made of material selected from the group of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers and combinations thereof.
22. The syringe assembly of claim 14 wherein said tip cap is formed of material selected from the group of thermoplastic material and elastomeric material.
23. A syringe assembly comprising:
a syringe barrel having an elongated body defining a chamber for retaining fluid, an open proximal end, a distal end and a frusto-conically shaped tip extending from said distal end having a tip passageway therethrough in fluid communication with said chamber, said chamber having an inside diameter of at least about 13.5 mm (0.53 inch), said chamber having a distal end defined by a distal wall through which said passageway passes, the length of said being no more than about 57 mm (2.25 inches);
a stopper in fluid-tight engagement inside said barrel;
an elongated rigid plunger rod defining a longitudinal axis and extending proximally from said stopper through said open proximal end of said barrel, a flange at a proximal end of said plunger rod, said flange being shaped and positioned to limit the proximal motion of said plunger rod by contacting said proximal end of said barrel;
a tip cap releasably connected to said tip for sealing said passageway; and
injectable liquid in said chamber.
24. The syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein the length of said chamber is no more than 44.5 mm (1.75 inches).
25. The syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein said chamber contains no more than 3.3 ml of injectable liquid.
26. The syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein the injectable liquid is selcted from the group consisting of saline flush solution and heparin lock flush solution.
27. The syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a tamper evident barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
28. The syringe assembly of claim 23 wherein said syringe assembly is contained in a package which provides a sterile barrier surrounding the syringe assembly.
29. A catheter flush kit comprising:
a first syringe assembly and a second syringe assembly, each of said syringe assemblies including a syringe barrel having an elongated body defining a chamber for retaining fluid, an open proximal end, a distal end and a frusto-conically shaped tip extending from said distal end having a tip passageway therethrough in fluid communication with said chamber, said chamber having an inside diameter of at least about 13.5 mm (0.53 inch), said chamber having a distal end defined by a distal wall through which said passageway passes; a stopper in fluid-tight engagement inside said barrel; a elongated rigid plunger rod defining a longitudinal axis and extending proximally from said stopper through said open proximal end of said barrel, a flange at a proximal end of said plunger rod; and a tip cap releasably connected to said tip for sealing said passageway;
said first syringe assembly having no more than about 3.3 ml of a first injectable liquid in said chamber;
said second syringe assembly having no more than about 10 ml of a second injectable liquid in said chamber; and
said injectable liquids being selected from the group consisting of saline flush solution and heparin lock solution.
30. The kit of claim 29 wherein
said syringe assemblies are contained in a package which provides a tamper evident barrier surrounding said syringe assemblies.
31. The kit of claim 29 wherein said plunger rod flange in at least one of said syringe assembles is shaped and positioned to limit the distal motion of said plunger rod in said barrel by contacting said proximal end of said barrel.