1. A containment for a water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor comprising
a containment envelope providing a closed and substantially leak tight containment volume,
a reactor coolant system housing said water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor and located inside said containment envelope, and
a means to divide said containment volume into a plurality of permanently separated containment zones, including one or more substantially leak tight partition plates, each extending from a circumference of the inside surface of said containment envelope towards an outside surface of said reactor coolant system,
whereby, under essentially all normal and under essentially all emergency plant operating conditions, each of the separate containment zones will provide confinement of high pressure and temperature steam and water that might be discharged following a leak or a break within this one containment zone, so that no adverse ambient conditions of pressure, temperature, and humidity will propagate to any of the other containment zones.
2. The containment of claim 1 wherein said containment envelope is made entirely out of steel.
3. The containment of claim 1 wherein said containment envelope is made at least in part out of reinforced or prestressed concrete.
4. The containment of claim 1 wherein said one or more partition plates are composed of steel and are fastened to said containment envelope and to said reactor coolant system in a manner ensuring substantially leak tight separation between said adjacent containment zones and through the use of attachments of either a welded or a bolted construction or of another mechanical construction.
5. The containment of claim 1 wherein said reactor coolant system comprises a reactor pressure vessel in which the core of said water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor is located, said reactor pressure vessel being supported in a fixed position by a supporting skirt fastened to said containment envelope and to said reactor pressure vessel, whereby said supporting skirt serves at the same time as one of said partition plates, dividing said containment volume into two of said containment zones, a lower containment zone below said supporting skirt and an upper containment zone above said supporting skirt.
6. The containment of claim 5 wherein said reactor coolant system comprises reactor coolant pumps or reactor coolant recirculation pumps which are mounted at the lower part of said reactor pressure vessel, and are therefore located within said lower containment zone, whereby said reactor coolant pumps or reactor coolant recirculation pumps will be protected against adverse ambient conditions resulting from leaks or breaks leading to discharge of high pressure steam or water into said upper containment zone and will remain available for emergency cooling operations following such leaks or breaks.
7. The containment of claim 1 wherein said reactor coolant system comprises
a reactor pressure vessel,
a plurality of steam generators, each of which being connected to said reactor pressure vessel by a double piping assembly featuring inner piping and outer piping, thereby providing separate flowpaths in two directions between said reactor pressure vessel and each of said steam generators,
and said partition plates, one for each of said double piping assemblies, extending from said containment envelope towards said outer piping at the point where said outer piping connects to a nozzle located in said reactor pressure vessel,
whereby said partition plates divide said containment volume into a plurality of said containment zones, the number of which is equal to one more than the number of said steam generators, the additional one corresponding to the volume surrounding said reactor pressure vessel.
8. A containment for a water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor comprising
a containment envelope providing a closed and substantially leak tight containment volume,
a reactor coolant system housing said water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor and located inside said containment envelope, and comprising a reactor pressure vessel in which the core of said water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor is located, a component vessel housing at least one or more steam generators and possibly other components, and a double piping assembly featuring inner piping and outer piping, thereby providing separate flowpaths in two directions between said reactor pressure vessel and said component vessel,
a support structure for said component vessel permitting to maintain said component vessel in a fixed position and a support structure for said reactor pressure vessel allowing some limited movement of said reactor pressure vessel in a lateral direction parallel to the axis of symmetry of said double piping assembly as will be necessary to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction while maintaining said reactor pressure vessel in a fixed position along all other directions of movement,
and a means to divide said containment volume into two separate containment zones, including one substantially leak tight partition plate, said partition plate serving at the same time as said support structure for said component vessel,
whereby each of said two separate containment zones will provide confinement of high pressure and temperature steam and water that might be discharged following a leak or a break within this one containment zone, so that no adverse ambient conditions of pressure, temperature, and humidity will propagate to the other containment zone.
9. The containment of claim 8 wherein said support structure for said component vessel serving at the same time as said partition plate is constructed as a conical skirt fastened to said containment envelope and to said component vessel at a level below said double piping assembly, thereby dividing said containment volume into two of said containment zones, a lower containment zone below said supporting skirt and an upper containment zone above said supporting skirt.
10. The containment of claim 9 wherein said reactor coolant system comprises reactor coolant pumps which are mounted at the lower part of said component vessel, and are therefore located within said lower containment zone, whereby said reactor coolant pumps will be protected against adverse ambient conditions resulting from leaks or breaks leading to discharge of high pressure steam or water into said upper containment zone and will remain available for emergency cooling operations following such leaks or breaks.
11. The containment of claim 8 wherein said support structure for said component vessel serving at the same time as said partition plate is constructed as a conical skirt fastened to said containment envelope and to said component vessel at a level above said double piping assembly, thereby dividing said containment volume into two of said containment zones, a lower containment zone below said conical skirt and an upper containment zone above said supporting skirt.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A mobile device comprising:
an external housing;
a processor;
data storage containing an operating system and application software for execution by the processor;
a display screen to display a locked screen requiring user authentication when the mobile device is in a locked mode;
a camera module including a camera lens facing a housing camera lens cover; and
an accelerometer to detect at least one of movement, position and orientation of the mobile device and to send a first signal to the processor;
wherein, when the processor determines that the mobile device is in a stationary portrait position or a stationary landscape position and has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for a period of time after the processor determines that the mobile device is in the stationary portrait or the stationary landscape position based on the first signal, the processor automatically activates a camera application, wherein the automatic activation of the camera application includes signaling to the display screen to display a camera screen from the locked screen without requiring user authentication and while maintaining the locked mode of the mobile device.
2. The mobile device of claim 1, further comprising:
a proximity sensor to detect a presence of a nearby object to the mobile device, and to send a second signal to the processor.
3. The mobile device of claim 2, wherein, when the processor determines that the nearby object is present based on the second signal, the processor does not activate the camera application.
4. The mobile device of claim 1, wherein the period of time is at least 1 second.
5. The mobile device of claim 1, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is rolled up to \xb10.5\xb0 from the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
6. The mobile device of claim 1, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is pitched up to \xb11\xb0 from the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
7. The mobile device of claim 1, wherein the camera application allows a user of the mobile device to capture photographs and videos with the camera module and using the camera screen to preview the photographs and videos being captured.
8. A method of automatically activating a camera application implemented in a mobile device including a processor, an accelerometer, and a display device, the method comprising:
receiving, by the processor, a first signal from the accelerometer that detects at least one of movement, position and orientation of the mobile device;
automatically activating by the processor the camera application when the processor determines that the mobile device is in a stationary portrait position or a stationary landscape position and has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for a period of time after the processor determines that the mobile device is in the stationary portrait or the stationary landscape position based on the first signal,
wherein automatically activating the camera application includes signaling by the processor to the display device to display a camera screen from a locked screen without requiring user authentication and while maintaining a locked mode of the mobile device, wherein the display device displays the locked screen requiring user authentication when the mobile device is in the locked mode.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving, by the processor, a second signal from a proximity sensor included in the mobile device, the proximity sensor to detect presence of a nearby object to the mobile device.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein, the processor does not activate the camera application when the processor determines that there is presence of the nearby object to the mobile device based on the second signal.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the period of time is at least 1 second.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is up to \xb10.5\xb0 to left or right of the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is up to \xb11\xb0 forwards or backwards of the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein the camera application allows a user of the mobile device to capture photographs and videos with a camera module included in the mobile device and using the camera screen to preview the photographs and videos being captured.
15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium of a storage device having stored thereon instructions, which when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
receiving a first signal from an accelerometer included in a mobile device that detects at least one of movement, position and orientation of the mobile device; and
automatically activating a camera application implemented in the mobile device when the processor determines that the mobile device is in a stationary portrait position or a stationary landscape position and has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for a period of time after the processor determines that the mobile device is in the stationary portrait or the stationary landscape position based on the first signal,
wherein automatically activating the camera application includes signaling by the processor to a display device included in the mobile device to display a camera screen from a locked screen without requiring user authentication and while maintaining a locked mode of the mobile device, wherein the display device displays the locked screen requiring user authentication when the mobile device is in the locked mode.
16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
receiving a second signal from a proximity sensor included in the mobile device, the proximity sensor to detect presence of a nearby object to the mobile device.
17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein, the processor does not activate the camera application when the processor determines that there is presence of the nearby object to the mobile device based on the second signal.
18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the period of time is at least 1 second.
19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is up to \xb10.5\xb0 to left or right of the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the processor determines that the mobile device has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for the period of time based on the first signal when the mobile device is in a stationary position that is up to \xb11\xb0 forwards or backwards of the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position.
21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the camera application allows a user of the mobile device to capture photographs and videos with a camera module included in the mobile device and using the camera screen to preview the photographs and videos being captured.
22. A mobile device comprising:
an external housing;
a processor;
data storage containing an operating system and application software for execution by the processor;
a display screen to display a locked screen requiring user authentication when the mobile device is in a locked mode;
a camera module including a camera lens facing a housing camera lens cover;
an accelerometer to detect at least one of movement, position and orientation of the mobile device; and
a hardware state machine including hardwired logic to filter data from the accelerometer,
wherein, when the hardware state machine determines that the mobile device is in a stationary portrait position or a stationary landscape position and has remained in the stationary portrait position or the stationary landscape position for a period of time after the processor determines that the mobile device is in the stationary portrait or the stationary landscape position based on the data from the accelerometer, the hardware state machine signals to the processor to automatically activate a camera application, wherein the automatic activation of the camera application includes signaling to the display screen to display a camera screen from the locked screen without requiring user authentication and while maintaining the locked mode of the mobile device.
23. The mobile device of claim 22, further comprising:
a proximity sensor to detect presence of a nearby object to the mobile device, and wherein the hardware state machine includes hardwired logic to filter data from the proximity sensor.
24. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein, when the hardware state machine determines that there is presence of the nearby object based on the data from the proximity sensor, the hardware state machine signals to the processor to not activate the camera application.