1. A method for transmitting digital data on which an error correction or detection process has been performed, the method comprising:
converting the digital data into encrypted data according to key data;
generating parity data based on the encrypted data;
mixing and transmitting the parity data with a data body,
wherein at least a part of said data body is composed of an unconverted portion of the digital data;
detecting an error location based on information data and the parity data;
calculating an error value as a difference between the data before error correction and the data after error correction;
providing the error value to a data modifying circuit that performs an operation using the error value to modify the data,
wherein a first exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to directly output information data sent from a delaying circuit when the first XOR circuit receives a binary zero digit from a latch circuit; and
wherein a second exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to output inverted information data from the delaying circuit when the second XOR circuit receives a binary one digit from the latch circuit.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data conversion comprises performing a logic operation on the digital data and the key data.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data conversion comprises replacing the digital data according to the key data.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data conversion comprises performing a function operation on the digital data according to the key data.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data conversion comprises performing a function operation on the digital data according to the key data.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said error correction or error detection process is composed of a first coding process and a second coding process, the method comprising the steps of:
performing said data conversion after said first coding process,
sending the resulting data to said second coding process, and
transmitting at least partly data obtained by said second coding process.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said error correction or detection process is composed of a first coding process and a second coding process, the method comprising the steps of:
performing said data conversion after the first coding process;
sending the resulting data to said second coding process;
returning parity data obtained by said second process to said first coding process; and
transmitting information data and the parity data obtained by said first coding process.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said error correction or detection process uses a convolution code.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said error correction or detection process uses a product code.
10. An apparatus for recording on a record medium, digital data on which an error correction or detection process has been performed, the apparatus comprising:
means for entering key data;
conversion means for converting digital data into encrypted data according to the key data;
generating means for generating parity data based on the encrypted data;
mixing means for mixing the parity data with a data body for recording,
wherein at least a part of said data body is composed of an unconverted portion of the digital data;
means for detecting an error location based on information data and the parity data;
means for calculating an error value as a difference between the data before error correction and the data after error correction;
means for performing an operation using the error value to modify the data;
a first exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to directly output information data sent from a delaying circuit when the first XOR circuit receives a binary zero digit from a latch circuit; and
a second exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to output inverted information data from the delaying circuit when the second XOR circuit receives a binary one digit from the latch circuit.
11. A record medium having stored thereon a processing program, that when executed causes a reproducing apparatus to perform a method of transmitting digital data on which an error correction or detection process has been performed, the processing program comprising:
program code for converting the digital data into encrypted data according to key data;
program code for generating parity data based on the encrypted data;
program code for mixing and transmitting the parity data with a data body, wherein at least a part of said data body is composed of an unconverted portion of the digital data; and
program code for detecting an error location based on information data and the parity data;
program code for calculating an error value as a difference between the data before error correction and the data after error correction; and
program code for providing the error value to a data modifying circuit that performs an operation using the error value to modify the data;
program code for operating a first exclusive or (XOR) circuit to directly output information data sent from a delaying circuit when the first XOR circuit receives a binary zero digit from a latch circuit; and
program code for operating a second exclusive or (XOR) circuit to output inverted information data from the delaying circuit when the second XOR circuit receives a binary one digit from the latch circuit.
12. An apparatus, for reproducing data recorded on a record medium, the data on which an error correction or detection coding process has been performed, the apparatus comprising:
means for reading from the record medium, parity data obtained by performing data conversion on information data treated in said error correction or detecting coding process according to key information and, information data at least partly composed of non-converted said information data;
means for inputting encryption key information indicating the information data on which said data conversion is performed when performing an error correction or detecting decoding process for said error correction or detection coding process;
means for detecting an error location based on information data and the parity data;
means for calculating an error value as a difference between the data before error correction and the data after error correction;
means for providing the error value to a data modifying circuit that performs an operation using the error value to modify the data;
a first exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to directly output inflation data sent from a delaying circuit when the first XOR circuit receives a binary zero digit from a latch circuit; and
a second exclusive or (XOR) circuit operates to output inverted information data from the delaying circuit when the second XOR circuit receives a binary one digit from the latch circuit.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:
means for separating said read data into the information data and the parity data;
converting means for performing data conversion on said separated information data according to said encryption key information;
decoding means for performing a decoding process on said converted information data and said separated parity data; and
reverse converting means for performing data conversion, reverse to said data conversion according to the encryption key information, of said decoded information data.
14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:
means for separating said read data into information data and parity data;
converting means for performing data conversion with respect to said separated information data according to said encryption key information;
decoding means for performing a decoding process on said converted information data and said separated parity data and means for modifying said decoded information data with said separated information data.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of increasing transmission control protocol (TCP) re-transmission process speed, the method comprising the steps of:
generating a first duplicate TCP acknowledgement (Ack) covering a received TCP segment that is determined to be valid by TCP and was dropped by TCP based on an upper layer protocal (ULP) decision; and
transmitting the first duplicate TCP Ack.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ULP includes at least one of: a marker with protocol data unit alignment (MPA) protocol, a direct data placement (DDP) protocol, and a remote direct memory access (RDMA) protocol.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first duplicate TCP Ack is generated for a TCP segment regardless of whether the TCP segment is in-order or out-of-order.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first duplicate TCP Ack is generated even where a next in-order TCP segment has not been received.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of generating a second duplicate TCP acknowledgement (Ack) covering a next out-of-order received TCP segment.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of transmitting the second duplicate TCP Ack.
7. A system for increasing transmission control protocol (TCP) re-transmission process speed, the system comprising:
a TCP acknowledgement (Ack) generator to generate a first duplicate TCP Ack covering a received TCP segment that is determined to be valid by TCP and was dropped by TCP based on an upper layer protocal (ULP) decision.
8. The system of claim 7, further comprising means for transmitting the first duplicate TCP Ack.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the ULP includes at least one of: a marker with protocol data unit alignment (MPA) protocol, a direct data placement (DDP) protocol, and a remote direct memory access (RDMA) protocol.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the generator generates the first duplicate TCP Ack for a TCP segment regardless of whether the TCP segment is in-order or out-of-order.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein the generator generates the first duplicate TCP Ack even where a next in-order TCP segment has not been received.
12. The system of claim 7, further comprising a TCP Ack generator for generating a second duplicate TCP acknowledgement (Ack) covering a next out-of-order received TCP segment.
13. The system of claim 12, further comprising means for transmitting the second duplicate TCP Ack.
14. A computer program product comprising a computer useable medium having computer readable program code embodied therein for increasing transmission control protocol (TCP) re-transmission process speed, the program product comprising:
program code configured to generate a first duplicate TCP acknowledgement (Ack) covering a received TCP segment that is determined to be valid by TCP and was dropped by TCP based on an upper layer protocal (ULP) decision.
15. The program product of claim 14, further comprising program code configured to transmit the first duplicate TCP Ack.
16. The program product of claim 14, wherein the ULP includes at least one of: a marker with protocol data unit alignment (MPA) protocol, a direct data placement (DDP) protocol, and a remote direct memory access (RDMA) protocol.
17. The program product of claim 14, wherein the generating program code generates the first duplicate TCP Ack for a TCP segment regardless of whether the TCP segment is in-order or out-of-order.
18. The program product of claim 14, wherein the generating program code generates the first duplicate TCP Ack even where a next in-order TCP segment has not been received.
19. The program product of claim 14, further comprising program code configured to generate a second duplicate TCP acknowledgement (Ack) covering a next out-of-order received TCP segment.
20. The program product of claim 19, further comprising program code configured to transmit the second duplicate TCP Ack.