1. A dielectric resonator comprising:
a substantially rectangular parallelepiped dielectric block;
a plated through hole defining a resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator arranged inside the dielectric block, the through hole having a L-shaped configuration and extending from a first surface of the dielectric block to a second surface of the dielectric block which is perpendicular to the first surface;
an outer conductor formed on outer surfaces of the dielectric block in such a manner that one end of the plated through hole is spaced from the outer conductor to define an open-circuited end of the plated through hole and the other end of the plated through hole is connected to the outer electrode to define a short-circuited end thereof and
an outer coupling electrode electrically connected to the open-circuit end of the plated through hole.
2. A dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the outer coupling electrode is directly coupled to the plated through hole.
3. A dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the outer coupling electrode is capacitively coupled to the plated through hole.
4. A dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the plated through hole has two linear sections extending perpendicular to one another, the cross-sectional configuration of the two sections being different from one another.
5. A dielectric filter comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 1 further comprising inputoutput means electrically coupled to the plated through hole.
6. A dielectric duplexer comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 4, the duplexer comprising a plurality of pairs of the dielectric resonators.
7. A dielectric duplexer comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 1, the duplexer comprising a plurality of pairs of the dielectric resonators.
8. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric duplexer according to claim 7.
9. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric duplexer according to claim 6.
10. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 4.
11. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 1.
12. A dielectric resonator comprising:
a dielectric block having first and second outer surfaces which are perpendicular to one another;
a plated through hole defining a resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator arranged inside the dielectric block, the through hole having a bent configuration and extending from the first surface of the dielectric block;
an outer conductor formed on outer surfaces of the dielectric block in such a manner that one end of the plated through hole is spaced from the outer conductor to define an open-circuited end of the plated through hole and the other end of the plated through hole is connected to the outer conductor to define a short-circuited end thereof and
an outer coupling electrode electrically connected to the open-circuited end of the plated through hole.
13. A dielectric resonator according to claim 12, wherein the outer coupling electrode is directly coupled to the plated through hole.
14. A dielectric resonator according to claim 12, wherein the outer coupling electrode is capacitively coupled to the plated through hole.
15. A dielectric resonator according to claim 12, wherein the plated through hole has two linear sections extending perpendicular to one another, the cross-sectional configuration of the two sections being different from one another.
16. A dielectric filter comprising the dielectric resonator according to claim 12, further comprising inputoutput means electrically coupled to the plated through hole.
17. A dielectric filter comprising:
a dielectric resonator including a substantially rectangular parallelepiped dielectric block, a plurality of L-shaped plated through holes defining a resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator arranged inside the dielectric block, each of the through holes extending from a first surface of the dielectric block to a second surface of the dielectric block which is perpendicular to the first surface, an outer conductor formed on outer surfaces of the dielectric block in such a manner that one end of each of the plated through holes is spaced from the outer conductor to define a respective open-circuited end of the plated through hole and the other end of each of the plated through holes is connected to the outer conductor to define a short-circuited end thereof; and
inputoutput means;
wherein the open-circuited ends of the plated through holes are adjacent to each other to mutually couple resonators formed by the plated through holes.
18. A dielectric filter according to claim 17, further comprising:
resonator-coupling electrodes formed at the open-circuited ends of the plated through holes to mutually couple the plated through holes to one another.
19. A dielectric filter according to claim 18, wherein each of the plated through holes has first and second linear sections which meet at an angle, the inner diameter of the first section of each through hole being larger than the inner diameter of the second section of each through hole, the first section extending to the open circuited end of the through hole, the second section extending to the closed circuited end of the through hole.
20. A dielectric filter according to claim 18, wherein the inputoutput means comprises an outer coupling electrode isolated from the outer conductor and an excitation hole having an inner electrode conducted to the outer coupling electrode.
21. A dielectric duplexer comprising the dielectric filter according to claim 18, the duplexer comprising a plurality of pairs of the dielectric filters.
22. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric filter according to claim 18.
23. A dielectric duplexer comprising the dielectric filter according to claim 17, the duplexer comprising a plurality of pairs of the dielectric resonators.
24. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric duplexer according to claim 23.
25. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric duplexer according to claim 21.
26. A communication apparatus comprising the dielectric filter according to claim 17.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A positioning system of positioning a wireless communication apparatus, said positioning system comprising:
a transmitting device for transmitting N signals, which each has a respective frequency band, to the wireless communication apparatus, N being an integer larger than 6;
a receiving device for receiving N returned signals, which each corresponds to one of the N transmitted signals, from the wireless communication apparatus; and
a processing device, electrically coupled to the receiving device, for generating N positioning values in accordance with the N returned signals, dividing the N positioning values into M groups of positioning values where M is an integer larger than or equal to 3, selecting K groups of positioning values from the M groups of positioning values in accordance with an error algorithm where K is a positive integer less than or equal to M, and calculating an average positioning value of the selected K groups of positioning values to position the wireless communication apparatus, wherein the error algorithm comprises steps of: by the least square algorithm, generating M linear regression lines, which each corresponds to one the M groups of positioning values, according to the M groups of positioning values, and selecting K groups of positioning values from the M groups of positioning values according to the M slopes of the M linear regression lines.
2. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the positioning system is implemented as a base station system.
3. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the positioning system is implemented in a radio-wave-based wireless communication environment such that the N signals with multi-frequency-band are transmitted in a multi-antenna way.
4. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication apparatus is a mobile wireless communication system or a fixed wireless communication system.
5. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication apparatus utilizes a Received Signal Strength (RSS) positioning algorithm or an Angle of Arrival (AOA) positioning algorithm to enhance precision of the positioning.
6. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein as the positioning system is implemented in a radio-wave-based wireless communication environment, the N transmitted signals are polarized in at least one selected from the group consisting of a linear polarization way, a left-handed circular polarization way and a right-handed circular polarization way.