1. A method for automatically controlling a stationary gas engine, comprising the steps of:
computing an engine speed control deviation (dn) from a set engine speed (nSL) and an actual engine speed (nIST);
determining a set torque (MSL) as a correcting variable from the speed control deviation (dn) by a speed controller;
determining a set volume flow (VSL) as a function of the set torque (MSL) to establish a mixture throttle angle (DKW1, DKW2) and a gas throttle angle; and
varying the set volume flow (VSL) to adjust the gas throttle angle by a correction factor (k).
2. The method in accordance with claim 1, including computing the correction factor (k) using a volume correction unit as a function of an actual system output (PAIST) and a limited set torque (MSLB), which is computed by a torque limiter from the set torque (MSL).
3. The method in accordance with claim 2, including converting the actual system torque (PAIST) to an actual system torque (MAIST), computing a quotient (Q(i)) from the actual system torque (MAIST) and the limited set torque (MSLB), and determining the correction factor (k) from the quotient (Q(i)) using an I controller.
4. The method in accordance with claim 3, including computing a mean value (MW) from the quotients (Q(i), i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) within a computation interval, and determining the correction factor (k) with the I controller based on the mean value (MW).
5. The method in accordance with claim 4, including limiting the correction factor (k).
6. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein, in a steady-state operating condition, the correction factor (k) is set as the current value for the correction of the set volume flow (VSL), and in a non-steady-state operating condition, the last correction factor (k) determined during a steady-state operating condition is kept as the current value for the correction of the set volume flow (VSL).
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An arrangement for hydrocarbon recovery, the arrangement comprising:
a treatment tank that receives fracture water, recovered in fracture recovery of hydrocarbon product from a formation, and treats the water to provide the water with an oxidationreduction potential in a range of about 150 mv to 1000 mv, the treatment tank comprising:
an inlet that receives the recovered fracture water;
at least one chamber;
a diffuser disposed in the chamber to introduce gaseous ozone and hydrogen peroxide into the fracture water; and
an outlet configured to be coupled to a well that re-introduces the recovered water from the treatment tank into a formation.
2. The arrangement of claim 1 wherein the treatment tank is a baffled treatment tank, comprising a plurality of baffled chambers, with at least some of the chambers having a diffuser disposed therein to deliver ozone and hydrogen peroxide to recovered fracture water in the tank.
3. The arrangement of claim 1 wherein the treatment tank is a baffled treatment tank, comprising a plurality of baffled chambers, with at least some of the chambers having a nanobubble generator disposed in the chamber to deliver nanobubbles of ozoneair coated with hydrogen peroxide.
4. The arrangement of claim 1 further comprising
a storage tank that receives the recovered water from the treatment tank and stores it prior to the recovered water being re-introduced into the formation.
5. The arrangement of claim 1 further comprising
a storage tank coupled to the treatment tank, the storage tank receiving the recovered water extracted from the formation and stores the recovered water prior to the recovered water being introduced into the treatment tank.
6. The arrangement of claim 1 further comprising
a storage tank;
a treatment lagoon fluidly coupled to the storage tank, the treatment lagoon receiving the recovered water from the storage tank to treat the recovered water prior to the recovered water being introduced into the treatment tank.
7. A treatment tank comprising:
a vessel to receive contaminated water and to treat the water, the vessel comprising:
walls to form an enclosure;
an inlet to receive contaminated water;
a plurality of chambers that are partitioned in the vessel by baffle walls that extend between two opposing sides of the vessel with a first group of the baffle walls having a portion that extends above the surface level water and a second group of the baffle walls having bottom portions that are displaced from a bottom surface of the vessel;
diffusers disposed in the chambers to introduce a gas and liquid into the chambers; and
an outlet.
8. The arrangement of claim 7 wherein the diffusers are disposed to deliver ozone and hydrogen peroxide to contaminated water in the vessel.
9. The arrangement of claim 7 wherein at least some of the chambers having a nanobubble generator disposed in the chamber to deliver nanobubbles of ozoneair coated with hydrogen peroxide.
10. The arrangement of claim 7 further comprising
a nanobubble generator disposed as the inlet to the vessel.
11. The arrangement of claim 7 wherein the baffles have a spill-way portion on the top of the baffles that extend above the water line level.
12. The arrangement of claim 7 wherein the baffles have a spill-way portion on the bottom of the baffles that are displaced from the bottom of the vessel.
13. The arrangement of claim 7 where in the diffusers are configured to:
form bubbles having a submicron radius, the bubbles entrapping a high concentration of ozone, with the ozone orienting a net negative charge outwards and a net positive charge inwards.
14. The arrangement of claim 13 wherein the ozone are triatomic structures with oriented negative charge contributed by atoms at the ends of the triatomic structures of the ozone and positive charge contributed by central atoms of the triatomic structure.
15. The arrangement of claim 13 wherein linkage of the ozone occurs between ozone molecules by alternating resonance forms among aligned bonding electrons within the bubbles.
16. The arrangement of claim 13 wherein the bubbles have a diameter of substantially less than 1 micron.
17. The arrangement of claim 13 wherein the bubbles have a diameter of less than 0.1 microns.
18. The arrangement claim 13 wherein the bubbles have a diameter less than 0.01 microns.
19. The arrangement of claim 13 further comprising:
coating the bubbles with a hydrogen peroxide.