1. A multi-cooling module for a vehicle comprising:
one or more heat pipes;
two or more refrigerant passage pipes; and
a cooling system core unit,
wherein one or more heat pipes are disposed to pass through two or more refrigerant passage pipes which pass through the same cooling system core unit.
2. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes include an engine refrigerant passage pipe, an electric part refrigerant passage pipe, and a condenser refrigerant passage pipe.
3. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes are sequentially stacked and arranged from top to bottom in order of from a high temperature heat source to a low temperature heat source.
4. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes are sequentially disposed in order from the hottest to the coldest.
5. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes contain different refrigerants respectively.
6. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein when temperatures of outer surfaces of the heat pipes are reference cooling temperatures of respective refrigerants, temperatures of inner surfaces of the heat pipes are an evaporation temperature of a working fluid provided in the heat pipes.
7. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein each heat pipe has a different thickness at sections where the heat pipe passes through the refrigerant passage pipes for heat exchange.
8. The multi-cooling module of claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat pipes are configured in a multi-cooling module, and wherein each heat pipe has a different thickness at inlets and outlets of the respective refrigerant passage pipe.
9. A vehicle comprising the multi-cooling module of claim 1.
10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the vehicle is a hybrid vehicle.
11. A method for simultaneously cooling a vehicle engine, electric parts, and a condenser comprising using the multi-cooling module of claim 1 to cool through the one or more heat pipes.
12. The multi-cooling module of claim 2, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes are sequentially disposed in order from the hottest to the coldest.
13. The multi-cooling module of claim 2, wherein the refrigerant passage pipes are sequentially disposed in order from the hottest to the coldest.
14. The multi-cooling module of claim 6, wherein each heat pipe has a different thickness at sections where the heat pipe passes through the refrigerant passage pipes for heat exchange.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of purging residual hydrogen from a hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising:
providing an air stream;
providing an adsorbent material comprising CeO;
providing a nitrogen stream by removing oxygen from said air stream by passing said air stream through said adsorbent material; and
passing said nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack anode.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising re-generating said adsorbent material by providing a hydrogen stream and passing said hydrogen stream through said adsorbent material.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said passing said nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack anode comprises passing said nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack anode after shutdown of said fuel cell stack.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said passing said hydrogen stream through said adsorbent material comprises passing said hydrogen stream through said adsorbent material after shutdown of said fuel cell stack.
5. The method of claim 2 further comprising flowing a stream exiting the adsorbent material through said fuel cell stack.
6. The method of claim 2 further comprising heating said adsorbent material during said passing said hydrogen stream through said adsorbent material.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein said passing said air stream through said adsorbent material comprises passing said air stream through said adsorbent material during start-up of said fuel cell stack.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said re-generating said adsorbent material comprises re-generating said adsorbent material after startup of said fuel cell stack.
9. The method of claim 2 further comprising heating said adsorbent material during said passing said hydrogen stream through said adsorbent material.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said adsorbent material further comprises a catalyst capable of accelerating reactions on CeO.
11. A method of purging residual hydrogen from a fuel cell stack anode, comprising;
providing an air stream;
providing an oxygen adsorbent material capable of removing at least a substantial portion of oxygen from an air stream to provide substantially a nitrogen stream;
providing a nitrogen stream by passing said air stream through said adsorbent material;
passing said nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack; and
re-generating said oxygen adsorbent material by providing cathode exhaust from said fuel cell stack and passing said cathode exhaust through said adsorbent material before venting cathode exhaust.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said adsorbent material comprises CeO.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising heating said adsorbent material during said passing said cathode exhaust through said adsorbent material.
14. A method of purging residual hydrogen from a hydrogen fuel cell stack anode, comprising:
providing an air stream;
providing a first adsorbent material and a second adsorbent material; each of said first and second adsorbent materials is capable of removing a substantial portion of oxygen from an air stream to provide substantially a nitrogen stream;
providing a first nitrogen stream by passing said air stream through said first adsorbent material and passing said first nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack during shutdown of said fuel cell stack;
providing a second nitrogen stream by passing said air stream through said second adsorbent material and passing said second nitrogen stream through said fuel cell stack during start-up of said fuel cell stack; and
re-generating said first adsorbent material and said second adsorbent material by providing a hydrogen stream and passing said hydrogen stream through said first adsorbent material and said second adsorbent material, respectively.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said hydrogen stream is vented from the first adsorbent material and second adsorbent material through said fuel cell stack.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said first adsorbent material and said second adsorbent material each comprises at least one of a carbon structure, carbon molecular sieve, a zeolite, CeO or an oxygen adsorbing material.
17. The method of claim 14 further comprising heating said first adsorbent material and said second adsorbent material during said passing said hydrogen stream through said first adsorbent material and said second adsorbent material.