1. An antimicrobial composition comprising:
a) a C2-C5 lower alcohol present in an amount of at least 35 wt-%;
b) a fatty component containing one or more free hydroxyl groups selected from the group consisting of C12-C21 fatty alcohols, C12-C21 fatty ethers, C12-C21 fatty amides, and combinations of all of the foregoing; wherein the fatty component is present in the composition in an amount of at least 2 wt-%; and
c) a cationic antimicrobial agent;
wherein the antimicrobial composition is free of surfactants with an HLB greater than 6; and
wherein the antimicrobial composition is essentially free of hydrophilic polymers.
2. An antimicrobial composition comprising:
a) a C2-C5 lower alcohol present in an amount of at least 35 wt-%;
b) a fatty component containing one or more free hydroxyl groups selected from the group consisting of C12-C21 fatty alcohols, C12-C21 fatty esters, C12-C21 fatty ethers, C12-C21 fatty amides, and combinations of all of the foregoing;
c) a cationic antimicrobial agent; and
(d) an emollient ester selected from the group consisting of diesters of bibasic acids, triesters of citric acid, diesters of diols, triesters of triols, and combinations thereof, wherein the emollient ester is present in an amount greater than 1 wt-% based on the total weight of the composition.
3-8. (canceled)
9. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, further comprising water, wherein the lower alcohol to water weight ratio is between 40:60 to 95:5.
10. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the fatty component to the cationic antimicrobial agent is at least 0.5:1.
11. (canceled)
12. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the ratio of the combination of the fatty component and the emollient ester to the cationic antimicrobial agent is at least 1:1.
13. (canceled)
14. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the fatty component is present in the composition in an amount of at least 2 wt-% based on the total weight of the antimicrobial composition.
15. The antimicrobial composition of claims 2, wherein the emollient ester is present in the composition in an amount of at least 2 wt-% based on the total weight of the antimicrobial composition.
16. The composition of claim 1, further comprising an emollient ester selected from the group consisting of diesters of bibasic acids, triesters of citric acid, diesters of diols, triesters of triols, and combinations thereof.
17. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein the C12-C21 fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, octyl dodecanol, 2 hexyl decanol, 2 hexyl dodecanol, and combinations thereof.
18-19. (canceled)
20. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the emollient ester has a solubility in water of less than 2 wt-%.
21. The antimicrobial composition of claim 20, wherein the emollient ester is a liquid at room temperature.
22-25. (canceled)
26. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein at least one of the fatty component and the emollient ester has a melt temperature greater than 23\xb0 C.
27-33. (canceled)
34. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein the cationic antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine dimethosulfate, and chlorhexidine dilactate salts, polyhexamethylenebiguanide, benzalkonium halides, and combinations thereof.
35. (canceled)
36. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the emollient ester is selected from the group consisting of dibutyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dihexyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate, tributyl citrate, diesters of butanediol and hexanediol, propylene glycol dicaprylate, and combinations thereof.
37-39. (canceled)
40. A method of improving the wet adhesion of medical adhesive article, comprising
applying a composition comprising:
a) a C2-C5 lower alcohol present in an amount of at least 35 wt-%;
b) a fatty component containing one or more free hydroxyl groups selected from the group consisting of C12-C21 fatty alcohols, C12-C21 fatty esters, C12-C21 fatty ethers, C12-C21 fatty amides, and combinations of all of the foregoing;
c) a cationic antimicrobial agent; and
applying a medical adhesive article over the composition;
wherein the medical adhesive article has improved adhesion to skin as measured by the Wet Skin Adhesion test.
41-43. (canceled)
44. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2 wherein the ratio of the fatty component to the cationic antimicrobial agent is at least 0.5:1.
45. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the C12-C21 fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, octyl dodecanol, 2 hexyl decanol, 2 hexyl dodecanol, and combinations thereof.
46. The antimicrobial composition of claim 16, wherein the emollient ester has a solubility in water of less than 2 wt-%.
47. The antimicrobial composition of claim 2, wherein the cationic antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine dimethosulfate, and chlorhexidine dilactate salts, polyhexamethylenebiguanide, benzalkonium halides, and combinations thereof.
48. The antimicrobial composition of claim 16, wherein the emollient ester is selected from the group consisting of dibutyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dihexyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate, tributyl citrate, diesters of butanediol and hexanediol, propylene glycol dicaprylate, and combinations thereof.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A correction circuit for correcting a duty of a digital signal encoded by a Manchester code, comprising:
a comparator for comparing a voltage of an envelope signal obtained by applying envelope detection to a signal whose amplitude is modulated by the digital signal with a terminal voltage of a capacitor;
a charge pump for chargingdischarging the capacitor by discharging or charging current, according to the comparison result;
a duty measurement unit for measuring a duty of a signal outputted from the comparator; and
a chargedischarge control unit for controlling time constant needed for the charge pump to chargedischarge the capacitor, according to the duty measurement result.
2. The correction circuit according to claim 1, further comprising
a filter, which is comprised of the capacitor, for converting an output current of the charge pump into a voltage.
3. The correction circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the filter comprises
a first capacitor inserted between an output of the charge pump and a constant voltage source or ground;
a resistor one terminal of which is connected to the output of the charge pump; and
a second capacitor inserted between the other terminal of the resistor and the constant voltage source or the ground, and
the comparator compares the voltage of the envelop signal with a terminal voltage of the second capacitor.
4. The correction circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the capacitor is inserted between an output of the charge pump and a constant voltage source or ground.
5. The correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein
the chargedischarge control unit controls the time constant by changing an amount of current discharged or charged by the charge pump.
6. The correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein
the chargedischarge control unit controls the time constant by changing a capacity of the capacitor.
7. The correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein
the duty measurement unit measures a continuation time of a high-level signal and a continuation time of a low-level signal outputted from the comparator,
when at least one of the continuation times changes beyond a prescribed time, the chargedischarge control unit performs the control.
8. The correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein
the duty measurement unit measures a difference in a continuation time between a high-level signal and a low-level signal outputted from the comparator, and
when the difference in the continuation time changes beyond a prescribed time, the chargedischarge control unit performs the control.
9. The correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein
when controlling the time constant in such a way as to extend it, the chargedischarge control unit controls the time constant slower than when controlling the time constant in such a way as to shorten it.