What is claimed is:
1. A variable attenuator, comprising:
an input end outputting a collimated light beam;
a receiving end placed on the transmitting route of the collimated light beams; and
a plate glass disposed between the input end and the receiving end;
whereby, the collimated light beam deviates from the original transmitting route and is received by the receiving end after the collimated light beams penetrate the plate glass.
2. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the receiving end and the input end are provided with a collimator, respectively.
3. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a rotating mechanism coupled to the plate glass for rotating the plate glass to a predetermined inclined angle so as to attenuate the intensity of the collimated light beam received by the receiving end.
4. A variable attenuator, comprising:
an input end outputting a collimated light beam;
a prism receiving the collimated light beam, the collimated light beams penetrating the prism by total reflections inside the prism; and
an output end receiving the collimated light beam;
when an inclined angle of the prism is changed, the collimated light beam penetrating the prism is shifted and received by the output end.
5. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a rotating mechanism coupled to the prism for rotating the prism and changing the light intensity of the collimated light beam received by the output end.
6. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the prism is a triangular prism.
7. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the input and output ends are provided with a collimator, respectively.
8. A variable attenuator, comprising:
a collimator having an output fiber and an input fiber, wherein the input fiber outputs a collimated light beam and the output fiber receives the collimated light beam; and
a prism receiving the collimated light beam, the collimated light beams penetrating the prism by total reflections inside the prism;
when an inclined angle of the prism is changed, the collimated light beam penetrating the prism is shifted and received by the output fiber.
9. The variable attenuator as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a rotating mechanism coupled to the prism for rotating the prism and changing the light intensity of the collimated light beam received by the output fiber.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A cyclic depsipeptide compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof:
(wherein
R1 is \u2014CH3, R21 is \u2014CH2CH2CH3, and R22 is \u2014CH(CH3)2;
R1 is \u2014H, R21 is \u2014CH3, and R22 is \u2014CH(CH3)2; or
R1 is \u2014CH3, R21 is \u2014CH3, and R22 is \u2014CH2SCH3).
2. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing andor treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, which comprises a cyclic depsipeptide compound of the formula (II) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient and is intended to be administered by intratracheal administration, nasal drop administration, or inhalation administration:
wherein
R1 is \u2014H or \u2014CH3, and
R2 is \u2014H or a group represented by the formula (III):
R21 is \u2014CH3, \u2014CH2CH3, \u2014CH2CH2CH3, or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R22 is \u2014CH(CH3)2 or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R3 and R4 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014CH3, or R3 and R4 are combined to form \u2550CH2, and
R5, R6, and R7 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014F.
3. The pharmaceutical composition as described in claim 2, wherein the cyclic depsipeptide compound or a salt thereof is a cyclic depsipeptide compound represented by either the formula (IIa) or the formula (I), or a salt thereof:
TABLE 5
(IIa)
(IIIa)
(wherein R1, R2, R21, R22, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are any one of combinations in the
Table below)
R1
R2
R21
R22
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH2CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH2SCH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
\u2014H
\u2014
\u2014
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014F
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2550CH2
\u2014H
\u2014F
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
(IIIa)
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2014CH3
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
\u2014H
(I)
(wherein R1, R21, and R22 are any one of combinations in the Table below)
R1
R21
R22
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH2CH2CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2014H
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH(CH3)2
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH3
\u2014CH2SCH3
4. A cyclic depsipeptide compound of the formula (II) or a salt thereof for prevention or treatment of COPD or asthma by intratracheal administration, nasal drop administration, or inhalation administration:
wherein
R1 is \u2014H or \u2014CH3,
R2 is \u2014H or a group represented by the formula (III):
R21 is \u2014CH3, \u2014CH2CH3, \u2014CH2CH2CH3, or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R22 is \u2014CH(CH3)2 or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R3 and R4 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014CH3, or R3 and R4 are combined to form \u2550CH2, and
R5, R6 and R7 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014F.
5. A method for preventing or treating COPD or asthma, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of the cyclic depsipeptide compound of the formula (II) or a salt thereof by any one process of intratracheal administration, nasal drop administration, and inhalation administration:
wherein
R1 is \u2014H or \u2014CH3,
R2 is \u2014H or a group represented by the formula (III):
R21 is \u2014CH3, \u2014CH2CH3, \u2014CH2CH2CH3, or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R22 is \u2014CH(CH3)2 or \u2014CH2SCH3,
R3 and R4 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014CH3, or R3 and R4 are combined to form, \u2550CH2, and
R5, R6 and R7 are the same as or different from each other, and represent \u2014H or \u2014F.