1. An object inspection apparatus, comprising:
a terahertz wave supplying unit for generating a terahertz wave and moving a path of the terahertz wave according to time so that the terahertz wave is supplied to an object to be inspected;
a focusing lens located between the terahertz wave supplying unit and the object to be inspected so that the terahertz wave supplied by the terahertz wave supplying unit is focused;
a rotating plate having a plate shape and including a plurality of the focusing lenses with different distances from the center thereof, the rotating plate rotating in the circumferential direction so that one of the focusing lenses is located at a path of the terahertz wave according to the path movement of the terahertz wave; and
a terahertz wave detecting unit for collecting and detecting a terahertz wave incident to the object to be inspected.
2. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of focusing lenses included in the rotating plate are arranged in a spiral pattern.
3. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the spiral pattern has at least two turns at the rotating plate.
4. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotating plate is synchronized as it rotates with the path movement of the terahertz wave.
5. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the focusing lens includes a plurality of circular grooves formed at the rotating plate and having the same center and different radiuses so that the circular grooves are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
6. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the grooves of the focusing lens are formed so that the thickness of the rotating plate decreases by a regular depth.
7. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the radiuses of the grooves of the focusing lens are determined according to the equation below:
r
n
=
n
\ue89e
\ue89e
\u03bb
\ue89e
\ue89e
f
+
n
2
\ue89e
\u03bb
2
4
where r represents a radius of each groove, n is a natural number and represents an order from the center of the grooves, \u03bb represents a wavelength of the terahertz wave, and f represents a focal distance.
8. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the focusing lens is made of an optically transparent material in a terahertz wave region.
9. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz wave supplying unit moves the path of the terahertz wave in a straight line.
10. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz wave supplying unit includes:
a terahertz wave supplying module for generating and supplying a terahertz wave;
a scanning mirror for rapidly reflecting the terahertz wave, supplied by the terahertz wave supplying module, in a predetermined angle range while rotating; and
a scanning collimating module for collimating the terahertz wave reflected by the scanning mirror so that the parallel terahertz wave is incident on an object to be inspected.
11. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the terahertz wave supplying module includes:
a terahertz wave generating unit for generating and emitting a terahertz wave;
an optical focusing unit for focusing the terahertz wave, emitted from the terahertz wave generating unit, to have a reduced field angle; and
a beam collimating unit for collimating the terahertz wave focused by the optical focusing unit.
12. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz wave detecting unit includes:
a reflection detecting unit for detecting the terahertz wave reflected by the object to be inspected; and
a penetration detecting unit for detecting the terahertz wave penetrating through the object to be inspected.
13. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit for providing an image by using the terahertz wave detected by the terahertz wave detecting unit.
14. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an object transfer unit for transferring the object to be inspected.
15. The object inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the object transfer unit includes two conveyor belts arranged sequentially to transfer the object to be inspected, and the terahertz wave focused by the focusing lens is incident between the two conveyor belts.
16. A focusing lens for focusing a terahertz wave, wherein a plurality of circular grooves having the same center and different radiuses are formed at the focusing lens so that the circular grooves are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
17. The focusing lens according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of circular grooves are formed so that the thickness of the rotating plate decreases by a regular depth.
18. The focusing lens according to claim 17, wherein the radiuses of the grooves of the focusing lens are determined according to the equation below:
r
n
=
n
\ue89e
\ue89e
\u03bb
\ue89e
\ue89e
f
+
n
2
\ue89e
\u03bb
2
4
where r represents a radius of each groove, n is a natural number and represents an order from the center of the grooves, \u03bb represents a wavelength of the terahertz wave, and f represents a focal distance.
19. The focusing lens according to claim 16, wherein the focusing lens is made of an optically transparent material in a terahertz wave region.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound of the formula (I):
wherein:
N=Q is a formula (A) or (B):
Z is YR1;
or when Z is YR1, R1 and R3 may form together with the adjacent \u2014Y\u2014C\u2014NR2\u2014 atoms, a five or six membered saturated heterocyclic ring which optionally contains an additional N or O atom, and is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R7 groups or one of the ring carbon atoms may form a carbonyl or imino group, and which ring is optionally fused to a benzene ring optionally substituted by R7;
or when Z is YR1, R1 and R3 may form together with the adjacent \u2014Y\u2014C\u2014NR2\u2014 atoms, a group (A2):
Y, X and W are each independently O or S;
or R1 and R4 may form together with the adjacent \u2014X\u2014C\u2014W\u2014 group, a five or six membered unsaturated, partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R7 groups or one of the ring carbon atoms may form a carbonyl group;
R1 is (C1-C8)alkyl, (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, which last four mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl; or when Y is O is (C1-C6)alkylamino, NH(C3-C8)cycloalkyl or NH(CH2)nR11;
R2a is (C1-C8)alkyl, (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy, (C1-C6)alkylamino, di-(C1-C6)alkylamino, NHCO(C1-C6)alkyl, NHSO2(C1-C6)alkyl, CO(C1-C6)alkyl or SO2(C1-C6)alkyl which last thirteen mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11, \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl, OH, SO2R11, NH2, NHCOR11, NHR11, NH(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, NH(CH2)sR11, O(CHR10)rR11; O(CH2)rheterocyclyl or N\u2550C(C1-C6)alkyl2; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl substituted by R11;
R2 is R2a or H;
R3 is H or R1;
R4 is (C1-C6)alkyl substituted by R8; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R8 groups; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl;
or when W is O, R4 is (C1-C6)alkylamino;
or R2 and R3 together with the adjacent N atom form a 3 to 8-membered unsaturated, partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring which optionally contains up to three additional N, O or S atoms and which ring is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R7 groups;
R7 is R8, R4, (C1-C6)alkyl or CH2OH;
R8 is halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy, S(O)nR12, CN, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl, CO2H, NO2, OH, amino, (C1-C6)alkylamino, di-(C1-C6)alkylamino, carbamoyl, (C1-C6)-alkylcarbamoyl, di-(C1-C6)-alkylcarbamoyl, CHO(C1-C6)alkyl2, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy or O(CH2)rR11;
R9 and R10 are each independently H, (C1-C6)alkyl or (C1-C6)haloalkyl;
R11 is aryl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from (C1-C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)haloalkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, \u2014(CH2)uR13, heterocyclyl, halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy, S(O)nR12, CN, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl, NO2, amino, (C1-C6)alkylamino and di-(C1-C6)alkylamino;
R12 is (C1-C6)alkyl or (C1-C6)haloalkyl;
R13 is phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, (C1-C6)alkyl and (C1-C6)haloalkyl;
Re is H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl, halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy, S(O)nR2, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy, \u2014(CH2)pR11, heterocyclyl, CN, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl, NO2, amino, (C1-C6)alkylamino, di-(C1-C6)alkylamino or O(CH2)rR11 wherein r is 0 or 1;
U is N or CH,
m, s and u are each independently 0 or 1;
n is 0, 1 or 2;
p is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
r is 0 or an integer from 1 to 6; and each heterocyclyl in the above mentioned radicals is independently a mono or bicyclic heterocyclic radical having 3 to 7 ring atoms in each ring and 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from N, O and S;
or a pesticidally acceptable salt thereof.
2. A compound or a salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R1 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from (C1-C4)alkoxy, S(O)nR12 and OH; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
3. A compound or a salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R2 is H, (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy, \u2014(CR9R10)pR11, \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl, NHR11 or O(CH2)nR11; or is (C1-C8)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by a di-(C1-C4)alkylamino group.
4. A compound or a salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R3 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is H or \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
5. A compound or a salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl substituted by (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl.
6. A compound or a salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein N=Q is a formula (A) in which Z is YR1 and R1 and R3 form together with the adjacent \u2014Y\u2014C\u2014NR2\u2014 atoms, a heterocyclic ring which is of formula (A1), (A2), (A3) or (A4):
wherein:
Y is O or S;
U is N or CH;
V is O or CH2;
t is 0 or 1;
Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently selected from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)haloalkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy, S(O)nR12, (C2-C6)alkenyloxy, (C2-C6)alkynyloxy, R11, heterocyclyl and O(CH2)rR11 wherein r is 0 or 1;
or Ra and Rb, or Rc and Rd may form a carbonyl or imino group;
Re and Rf are each independently selected from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl, halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy, S(O)nR12, (C2-C6)alkenyloxy, (C2-C6)alkynyloxy, \u2014(CH2)pR11, heterocyclyl, CN, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl, NO2, amino, (C1-C6)alkylamino, di-(C1-C6)alkylamino and O(CH2)rR11 wherein r is 0 or 1;
R9 is H, (C1-C6)alkyl, halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl or R11;
R2a is (C1-C6)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, (C1-C6)alkoxy, CHO(C1-C6)alkyl2, CN, CO2(C1-C6)alkyl and CO2H; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen or phenyl groups; or is (C3-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy or (C3-C6)alkynyloxy; or is \u2014(CHR10)pR11 wherein R10 is H or (C1-C8)alkyl, p is 0 or 1 and R11 is phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, (C1-C6)haloalkyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C1-C6)haloalkoxy and phenoxy unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen and (C1-C6)haloalkyl; or is O(CHR10)rR11 wherein R11 is H or (C1-C6)alkyl, r is 1 and R11 is phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from (C1-C6)haloalkyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy and NO2; and R2 is R2a or H.
7. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R1 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from (C1-C4)alkoxy, S(O)nR12 and OH; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
8. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R2 is H, (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy, \u2014(CR9R10)pR11, \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl, NHR11 or O(CH2)rR11; or is (C1-C8)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by a di-(C1-C4)alkylamino group.
9. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein R2 is H, (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl, (C1-C6)alkoxy, (C3-C6)alkenyloxy, (C3-C6)alkynyloxy, \u2014(CR9R10)pR11, \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl, NHR11 or O(CH2)rR11; or is (C1-C8)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by a di-(C1-C4)alkylamino group.
10. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R3 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is H or \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
11. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein R3 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is H or \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
12. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 3, wherein R3 is (C1-C8)alkyl or (C3-C6)alkenyl, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is H or \u2014(CR9R10)pR11.
13. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl substituted by (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl.
14. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl substituted by (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl.
15. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 3, wherein R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl substituted by (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl.
16. A compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 4, wherein R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl substituted by (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH; or is (C3-C6)alkenyl, (C3-C6)alkynyl or (C3-C8)cycloalkyl which last three mentioned groups are unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is (C3-C8)cycloalkyl-(C1-C6)alkyl which cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by an (C1-C4)alkoxy or OH group; or is \u2014(CR9R10)pR11 or \u2014(CR9R10)pheterocyclyl.
17. A pesticidal composition comprising a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pesticidally acceptable salt thereof as defined in claim 1, in association with a pesticidally acceptable diluent or carrier andor surface active agent.
18. A method for the control of arthropod or nematode pests, said method comprising applying to said pests or to a locus at which they reside or feed or which is susceptible to infestation thereby, a pesticidally effective amount of a compound or salt thereof as claimed in claim 1.
19. A method for the control of arthropod or nematode pests, said method comprising applying to said pests or to a locus at which they reside or feed or which is susceptible to infestation thereby, a pesticidally effective amount of a composition as claimed in claim 17.
20. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I)
or a salt thereof as defined in claim 6, which process comprises:
a) where N=Q is a formula (A) in which Z is YR1, m is zero, and R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in claim 6, reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein Y, R2 and R3 are as defined in formula (I), with a compound of formula (III):
R1L\u2003\u2003(III)
wherein R1 is as defined in formula (I) and L is a leaving group in the presence of a base; or
b) where N=Q is a formula (A) in which Z is YR1, m is zero, R3 is H, and R1 and R2 are as defined in formula (I), as a 1-pot reaction, reacting a compound of formula (IV):
with a strong base, and an isothiocyanate or isocyanate compound of formula (V):
R2\u2014N\u2550C\u2550Y\u2003\u2003(V)
wherein R2 is as defined in formula (I) to give the corresponding acylthiourea or acylurea intermediate of formula (II) above wherein R3 is H, followed by reacting said intermediate with a compound of formula (III) as described in above process a); or
c) where N=Q is a formula (A) which is a heterocyclic ring of formula (A1), (A2), (A3) or (A4), wherein the various symbols are as defined in claim 6, acylating the corresponding compound of formula (A1a), (A2a), (A3a) or (A4a):
wherein the various symbols are as defined in claim 6, with a compound of formula (VI):
wherein L is a leaving group; or
d) where N=Q is a formula (A) which is a heterocyclic ring of formula (A1) or (A4), m is zero, Y is S and the other symbols are as defined in claim 6, cyclizing a compound of formula (IX) or (X) respectively:
wherein the various symbols are as defined in formula (I) and L1 is a leaving group, in the presence of a base; or
e) where m is zero and N=Q is a formula (B) in which R1 and R4 are as defined in formula (I), the reaction of reacting a compound of formula (XI):
wherein X, W and R4 are as defined in formula (I), with a compound of formula (III) as defined in the above process a), in the presence of a base; or
f) where Q is as defined above, and m is 1 oxidizing a corresponding compound in which m is 0; and
if desired, converting a resulting compound of formula (I) into a pesticidally acceptable salt thereof.