1. A method for a base station to update a paging area identifier, comprising:
observing one or more parameters of signals relating to neighboring base stations, wherein observing the one or more parameters comprises the base station observing a device reselection request tally and a device registration request tally received over a period of time from devices moving from a neighboring node;
updating, by the base station, a previously selected paging area identifier that is transmitted by the base station to a new paging area identifier based at least in part on the one or more parameters, wherein the new paging area identifier is also used by another base station; and
transmitting the new paging area identifier.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the device registration request tally from the devices moving from a neighboring node includes a neighboring node paging area identifier.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the updating to the new paging area identifier is based at least in part on whether at least one of the device reselection request tally, the device registration request tally, and a ratio of the device reselection request tally to the device registration request tally achieves a threshold.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the updating to the new paging area identifier comprises setting the new paging area identifier to the neighboring paging area identifier where at least one of the device reselection request tally, the device registration request tally, and a ratio of the device reselection request tally to the device registration request tally achieves the threshold.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the observing the one or more parameters comprises observing a number of paging signals received in the wireless network.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the updating to the new paging area identifier is based at least in part on whether the number of paging signals reaches a threshold.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the updating to the new paging area identifier comprises setting the new paging area identifier to a neighboring paging area identifier associated with a neighboring low power base station.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
determining a proximity of the base station to a border of multiple paging areas, and
setting at least one updating threshold for updating to the new paging area identifier based on the proximity.
9. An apparatus for a base station to update a paging area identifier, comprising:
at least one processor configured to:
observe one or more parameters of signals relating to neighboring base stations, wherein observing the one or more parameters comprises the base station observing a device reselection request tally and a device registration request tally received over a period of time from devices moving from a neighboring node;
update, by the base station, a previously selected paging area identifier that is transmitted by the base station to a new paging area identifier based in part on the one or more parameters, wherein the new paging area identifier is also used by another base station; and
transmit the new paging area identifier; and
a memory coupled to the at least one processor.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor observes a number of paging signals received in the wireless network.
11. An apparatus for a base station to update a paging area identifier, comprising:
means for observing one or more parameters of signals relating to neighboring base stations, wherein the means for observing the one or more parameters comprises means for the base station observing a device reselection request tally and a device registration request tally received over a period of time from devices moving from a neighboring node;
means for updating, by the base station, a previously selected paging area identifier that is transmitted by the base station to a new paging area identifier based in part on the one or more parameters, wherein the new paging area identifier is also used by another base station; and
means for transmitting the new paging area identifier.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the means for observing observes a number of paging signals received in the wireless network.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing executable code for a base station to update a paging area identifier, comprising:
code for observing one or more parameters of signals relating to neighboring base stations, wherein the code for observing the one or more parameters comprises code for the base station observing a device reselection request tally and a device registration request tally received over a period of time from devices moving from a neighboring node;
code for updating, by the base station, a previously selected paging area identifier that is transmitted by the base station to a new paging area identifier based in part on the one or more parameters, wherein the new paging area identifier is also used by another base station; and
code for transmitting the new paging area identifier.
14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the code for observing comprises code for observing a number of paging signals received in the wireless network.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for electrochemically depositing a carbon nitride film on a conductive substrate comprising:
providing a molten salt electrolyte bath containing a source of carbonate ion and a source of nitrate ion;
placing said substrate and a counter electrode in said electrolyte bath, said substrate and said counter electrode being electrically connected to a DC current source and acting as cathode and anode, respectively; and
applying DC current across said substrate and said counter electrode through said electrolyte bath whereby said carbonate ion and said nitrate ion are electrochemically reduced concurrently to deposit a carbon nitride film on the substrate.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said carbonate ion source is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate and wherein said nitrate ion source is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein said molten salt electrolyte bath comprises a metal halide selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide and a mixture thereof containing said carbonate ion source and said nitrate ion source dissolved therein.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein said molten salt electrolyte bath comprises a binary mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride containing potassium carbonate and potassium nitrate dissolved therein.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of nitrate ion to carbonate ion is adjusted to be between 0.01 and 1.0.
6. The method according to claim 5 wherein said molar ratio is between 0.02 and 0.2.
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein said molten salt electrolyte bath is maintained at a bath temperature from 250\xb0 C. to 800\xb0 C.
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein said bath temperature is from 350\xb0 C. to 700\xb0 C.
9. The method according to claim 1 wherein DC current is applied at a potential at which both carbonate ion and nitrate ion are concurrently reduced on the surface of said substrate.
10. The method according to claim 4 wherein DC current is applied at a potential between 0.4V and 1.2V (vs. Li+Li).
11. A method for electrochemically depositing a carbon nitride film on a conductive substrate comprising:
providing a molten salt electrolyte bath comprising a binary mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride;
dissolving potassium carbonate and potassium nitrate in said molten salt electrolyte bath;
placing said substrate and a counter electrode in said electrolyte bath, said substrate and said counter electrode being electrically connected to a DC current source and acting as cathode and anode, respectively; and
applying DC current across said substrate and said counter electrode through said electrolyte bath whereby said carbonate ion and said nitrate ion are electrochemically reduced concurrently to deposit a carbon nitride film on the substrate.
12. The method according to claim 11 wherein the molar ratio of LiCl:KCl in said binary mixture is from 55:45 to 65:35.
13. The method according to claim 11 wherein said potassium carbonate is dissolved in said binary mixture in molten state to the saturation point and wherein said potassium nitrate is dissolved in said binary mixture at a molar ratio of nitrate ions to carbonate ions from 0.02 to 0.2.
14. The method according to claim 11 wherein said molten salt electrolyte bath is maintained at a bath temperature from 350\xb0 C. to 700\xb0 C.
15. The method according to claim 14 wherein said bath temperature is about 500\xb0 C.
16. The method according to claim 11 wherein DC current is applied at a potential from 0.4V to 1.2V (vs. Li+Li).