1. A method of controlling a CPU, the method performed by a CPU control apparatus, the method comprising:
(a) measuring a reaction time of a user terminal for a running application;
(b) computing a first predictive reaction time by stepwise changing a CPU frequency if the reaction time exceeds a preset threshold;
(c) computing a second predictive reaction time by stepwise changing a processing weight of the application if the first predictive reaction time exceeds the preset threshold; and
(d) repeating said step (c) if the second predictive reaction time exceeds the preset threshold.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the changed CPU frequency is set as a current CPU frequency if the first predictive reaction time is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, and
the changed processing weight is set as a current processing weight if the second predictive reaction time is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (b) comprises:
setting a current CPU frequency to a maximum frequency and initializing the processing weight if the reaction exceeds the preset threshold; and
computing the first predictive reaction time based on a frequency that is lowered one step from the maximum frequency and the initialized processing weight, if the current CPU frequency is not a minimum frequency, for a plurality of CPU frequency steps.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said step (c) comprises:
computing the second predictive reaction time based on a processing weight that is lowered one step from the initialized processing weight and the one-step lowered frequency, if a current processing weight is not a minimum processing weight, for a plurality of CPU frequency steps.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein said step (a) comprises:
measuring the reaction time of the user terminal based on the current CPU frequency of the user terminal and the current processing weight of the application.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) comprises:
measuring the reaction time of the user terminal based on a time value during which the application received processing by the CPU in a user mode and a kernel mode since a first operation of the application up to a time t in a Linux kernel.
7. A CPU control apparatus for controlling a CPU, the CPU control apparatus comprising:
a reaction time measurement part configured to measure a reaction time of a user terminal for a running application;
a reaction time prediction part configured to compute a first predictive reaction time by stepwise changing a CPU frequency if the reaction time exceeds a preset threshold and configured to compute a second predictive reaction time by stepwise changing a processing weight of the application if the first predictive reaction time exceeds the preset threshold; and
a control part configured to control the reaction time prediction part to re-compute the second predictive reaction time if the second predictive reaction time exceeds the preset threshold.
8. The CPU control apparatus of claim 7, wherein the control part sets the changed CPU frequency as a current CPU frequency if the first predictive reaction time is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, and sets the changed processing weight as a current processing weight if the second predictive reaction time is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold.
9. The CPU control apparatus of claim 8, wherein the reaction time prediction part sets a current CPU frequency to a maximum frequency and initializes the processing weight if the reaction exceeds a preset threshold for reaction time; and
computes the first predictive reaction time based on a frequency that is lowered one step from the maximum frequency and the initialized processing weight, if the current CPU frequency is not a minimum frequency, for a plurality of CPU frequency steps.
10. The CPU control apparatus of claim 8, wherein the reaction time prediction part computes the second predictive reaction time based on a processing weight that is lowered one step from the initialized processing weight and the one-step lowered frequency, if a current processing weight is not a minimum processing weight, for a plurality of CPU frequency steps.
11. The CPU control apparatus of claim 8, wherein the reaction time measurement part measures the reaction time of the user terminal based on the current CPU frequency of the user terminal and the current processing weight of the application.
12. The CPU control apparatus of claim 7, wherein the reaction time measurement part measures the reaction time of the user terminal based on a time value during which the application received processing by the CPU in a user mode and a kernel mode since a first operation of the application up to a time t in a Linux kernel.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An antimicrobial peptide, having an amino acid sequence of formula presented as follows:
(P1)M(nA1X1X2)N(P2)X
wherein P1 is a basic amino acid;
wherein A1 is selected from the group consisting of: aromatic amino acids and alanine;
wherein X1 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein X2 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein P2 is a basic amino acid;
wherein n is a coefficient of A1; and
wherein subscript M has a value ranging from 0-2, subscript X has a value ranging from 0-2, and N has a value ranging from 2-4.
2. The antimicrobial peptide as claimed in claim 1, wherein A1 is alanine and coefficient n<N\u22122, if N>2.
3. The antimicrobial peptide as claimed in claim 1 being selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 to 14.
4. The antimicrobial peptide of claim 1 wherein the peptide is a linear chain peptide.
5. The antimicrobial peptide of claim 1 wherein the peptide is a cyclic peptide.
6. An antimicrobial peptide, having an amino acid sequence of formula presented as follows:
(P1)M(nA1X1X2)N(P2)X
wherein P1 is a basic amino acid;
wherein A1 is selected from the group consisting of aromatic amino acids and alanine;
wherein X1 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein X2 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein P2 is a basic amino acid;
wherein n is a coefficient of A1; and
wherein subscript M has a value ranging from 0-2, subscript X has a value ranging from 0-2, and N has a value ranging from 2-4; and
the antimicrobial peptide is formed in part by the group of modifications consisting of: acetylation, amidation, formylation, hydroxylation, lipid modification, methylation and phosphorylation
7. A method comprising the steps of administering an antimicrobial peptide to a individuals; said peptide comprising an antimicrobial peptide, having an amino acid sequence of formula presented as follows:
(P1)M(nA1X1X2)N(P2)X
wherein P1 is a basic amino acid;
wherein A1 is selected from the group consisting of: aromatic amino acids and alanine;
wherein X1 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein X2 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein P2 is a basic amino acid;
wherein n is a coefficient of A1; and
wherein subscript M has a value ranging from 0-2, subscript X has a value ranging from 0-2, and N has a value ranging from 2-4.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the antimicrobial peptide has low hemolytic activity for the erythrocytes in the individuals.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of administering an antimicrobial peptide comprises treating an infection caused by at least one of the group consisting of: gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of administering an antimicrobial peptide comprises treating an animal
11. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of administering an antimicrobial peptide further comprises administrating the antimicrobial peptide orally, subcuteaneously, via injection, or via inhalation.
12. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and an antimicrobial peptide, having an amino acid sequence of formula presented as follows:
(P1)M(nA1X1X2)N(P2)X
wherein P1 is a basic amino acid;
wherein A1 is selected from the group consisting of: aromatic amino acids and alanine;
wherein X1 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein X2 is selected from the group consisting of: basic amino acids and nonpolar amino acids;
wherein P2 is a basic amino acid;
wherein n is a coefficient of A1; and
wherein subscript M has a value ranging from 0-2, subscript X has a value ranging from 0-2, and N has a value ranging from 2-4.
13. The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of: excipient, diluent, thickening agent, bulking agent, binder, disintegrating agent, lubricant, oil-basednon-oil-based agent, surfactant, suspending agent, gelling agent, adjuvant, preservative agent, anti-oxidant, stabilizing agent, coloring agent, and flavoring agent.
14. The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 12, wherein the pharmaceutical composition has a dosage form selected from the group consisting of: embedding, dip, infusion, patch, powder, tablet, injection, suspension, external aqueous solution, drop, liniment, inhalant, embrocation, paste, lotion, cream, ointment, and gel.