1. A method of displaying heterogeneous information, comprising:
executing an application program to process one or more activities, each activity comprising information nuggets comprised of information components written in Java language and use Java classes to implement business logic, and next step links, each information nugget extracted from one or more heterogeneous information sources, each next step link associated with one or more information nuggets;
selecting one of the activities;
displaying at least one information nugget of the selected activity in a first region of a graphical user interface; and
displaying at least one next step link associated with the displayed information nugget in a second region of the graphical user interface,
wherein the information,
wherein the information components consist of three Java classes, wherein the three Java classes are i) an input parameter class, which encapsulates information available to the information components when executing, ii) a Java class, comprised of the information components containing code to connect and to get information from a data source and iii) an output parameter class, which encapsulates information that is available for display and to pass to other nuggets or an activity after the information component has executed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the information component retrieves real time information via the Internet.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the information nugget and the associated next step link are displayed simultaneously wherein the displayed information nugget comprises: one or more semantic types.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
identifying one or more of the activities having at least one of the semantic types of the displayed information nugget.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
displaying a link to one or more of the identified activities in the first region of the graphical user interface.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the displayed information nugget is a composite of two or more information sub-nuggets, and displaying the composite information nugget comprises:
displaying the two or more information sub-nuggets.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous information sources comprise:
one or more databases having different database management systems.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
allowing a user to navigate through the selected activity with the graphical user interface by selecting an initial step and, upon completion of the initial step, selecting one of the displayed next step links to perform a next step of the selected activity.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a graphical editor that allows an user to add, delete or modify activities.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
displaying a link to a quick view associated with the selected activity.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
selecting the link to the quick view; and
displaying the quick view;
wherein the displayed quick view comprises a plurality of information nuggets extracted from one or more of the heterogeneous information sources, the plurality of information nuggets associated with a common subject.
12. An apparatus for displaying heterogeneous information, comprising:
means for executing an application program to process one or more activities, each activity comprising information nuggets comprised of information components written in Java language and use Java classes to implement business logic, and next step links, each information nugget extracted from one or more heterogeneous information sources, each next step link associated with one or more information nuggets;
means for selecting one of the activities;
means for displaying at least one information nugget of the selected activity in a first region of a graphical user interface; and
means for displaying at least one next step link associated with the displayed information nugget in a second region of the graphical user interface,
wherein the information components consist of three Java classes, wherein the three Java classes are i) an input parameter class, which encapsulates information available to the information components when executing, ii) a Java class, comprised of the information components containing code to connect and to get information from a data source and iii) an output parameter class, which encapsulates information that is available for display and to pass to other nuggets or an activity after the information component has executed.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the information component retrieves real time information via the Internet.
14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the information nugget and the associated next step link are displayed simultaneously wherein the displayed information nugget comprises:
one or more semantic types.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
means for identifying one or more of the activities having at least one of the semantic types of the displayed information nugget.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
means for displaying a link to one or more of the identified activities in the first region of the graphical user interface.
17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the displayed information nugget is a composite of two or more information sub-nuggets, and said means for displaying the composite information nugget comprises:
means for displaying the two or more information sub-nuggets.
18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the heterogeneous information sources comprise:
one or more databases having different database management systems.
19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the graphical user interface comprises means for allowing a user to navigate through the selected activity comprising:
means for selecting an initial step; and
means for selecting one of the displayed next step links to perform a next step of the selected activity.
20. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:
means for providing a graphical editor that allows an user to add, delete or modify activities.
21. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:
means for displaying a link to a quick view associated with the selected activity.
22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising:
means for selecting the link to the quick view; and
means for displaying the quick view;
wherein the displayed quick view comprises a plurality of information nuggets extracted from one or more of the heterogeneous information sources, the plurality of information nuggets associated with a common subject.
23. An article of manufacture comprising:
a computer readable medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processing system, causes the system to perform a method of displaying heterogeneous information, the computer program comprising:
instructions for executing an application program to process one or more activities, each activity comprising information nuggets comprised of information components written in Java language and use Java classes to implement business logic, and next step links, each information nugget extracted from one or more heterogeneous information sources, each next step link associated with one or more information nuggets;
instructions for selecting one of the activities;
instructions for displaying at least one information nugget of the selected activity in a first region of a graphical user interface; and
instructions for displaying at least one next step link associated with the displayed information nugget in a second region of the graphical user interface,
wherein the information components consist of three Java classes, wherein the three Java classes are i) an input parameter class, which encapsulates information available to the information components when executing, ii) a Java class, comprised of the information components containing code to connect and to get information from a data source and iii) an output parameter class, which encapsulates information that is available for display and to pass to other nuggets or an activity after the information component has executed.
24. The article of claim 23, wherein the information component retrieves real time information via the Internet.
25. The article of claim 23, wherein the information nugget and the associated next step link are displayed simultaneously wherein the displayed information nugget comprises:
one or more semantic types.
26. The article of claim 25, further comprising:
instructions for identifying one or more of the activities having at least one of the semantic types of the displayed information nugget.
27. The article of claim 26, further comprising:
instructions for displaying a link to one or more of the identified activities in the first region of the graphical user interface.
28. The article of claim 23, wherein the displayed information nugget is a composite of two or more information sub-nuggets, and said instructions for displaying the composite information nugget comprise:
instructions for displaying the two or more information sub-nuggets.
29. The article of claim 23, wherein the heterogeneous information sources comprise:
one or more databases having different database management systems.
30. The article of claim 23, further comprising:
instructions for allowing a user to navigate through the selected activity by selecting an initial step; and
instructions for selecting one of the displayed next step links to perform a next step of the selected activity upon completion of the initial step.
31. The article of claim 23, further comprising:
instructions for providing a graphical editor that allows an user to add, delete or modify activities.
32. The article of claim 23, further comprising:
instructions for displaying a link to a quick view associated with the selected activity.
33. The article of claim 32, further comprising:
instructions for selecting the link to the quick view; and
instructions for displaying the quick view;
wherein the displayed quick view comprises a plurality of information nuggets extracted from one or more of the heterogeneous information sources, the plurality of information nuggets associated with a common subject.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for programming a memory array, the method comprising:
(a) programming first and second word lines in a memory array, wherein the first word line comprises a defect that is detectable only after the second word line is programmed;
(b) after each word line is programmed:
(b1) attempting to detect a defect on that word line; and
(b2) if a defect is detected, repairing that word line with a redundant word line; and
(c) repeating (a) and (b), whereby the defect on the first word line is detected and the first word line is repaired the second time (a) and (b) are performed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the defect on the second word line is detected and the second word line is repaired the first time (a) and (b) are performed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first word line is adjacent to the second word line in the memory array.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the memory array comprise a plurality of write-once memory cells.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the write-once memory cells comprises anti-fuse memory cells.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the memory array comprises a three-dimensional memory array comprising a plurality of memory cell layers stacked vertically above one another above a single silicon substrate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein (a) comprises programming first and second word lines and at least one additional word line in the memory array.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein (b1) comprises reading information stored in that word line and comparing the read information with information stored in a buffer.
9. A method for programming a memory array, the method comprising:
(a) programming a plurality of word lines in a memory array; and
(b) after each word line is programmed,
(b1) attempting to detect a defect on that word line; and
(b2) if a defect is detected, repairing that word line and a previously-programmed adjacent word line with redundant word lines, whereby the previously-programmed adjacent word line is repaired even though a defect on the previously-programmed adjacent word line was not detected after the previously-programmed adjacent word line was programmed.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein (b2) comprises if a defect is detected, repairing that word line, a previously-programmed adjacent word line, and a yet-to-be-programmed adjacent word line with redundant word lines.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the memory array comprise a plurality of write-once memory cells.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the write-once memory cells comprises anti-fuse memory cells.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the memory array comprises a three-dimensional memory array comprising a plurality of memory cell layers stacked vertically above one another above a single silicon substrate.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein (b1) comprises reading information stored in that word line and comparing the read information with information stored in a buffer.
15. A method for programming a memory array, the method comprising:
(a) programming a plurality of word lines in a memory array; and
(b) after each word line is programmed,
(b1) attempting to detect a defect on that word line and a previously-programmed adjacent word line; and
(b2) if a defect is detected on that word line, repairing that word line and the previously-programmed adjacent word line with redundant word lines, whereby the previously-programmed adjacent word line is repaired even though a defect on the previously-programmed adjacent word line was not detected after the previously-programmed adjacent word line was programmed.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the memory array comprise a plurality of write-once memory cells.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the write-once memory cells comprises anti-fuse memory cells.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the memory array comprises a three-dimensional memory array comprising a plurality of memory cell layers stacked vertically above one another above a single silicon substrate.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein (b1) comprises reading information stored in that word line and a previously-programmed adjacent word line and comparing the read information with information stored in a buffer.