1. A light sensor comprising:
a flange having at least two pins;
a cathode plate situated on the flange and in contact with a first at least one pin; and
an anode situated on the flange and in contact with a second at least one pin; and
wherein:
the first at least one pin has a first height above the flange;
the second at least one pin has a second height above the flange; and
the second height is greater than the first height.
2. The sensor of claim 1, wherein:
the cathode and anode are situated apart from each other at a first distance; and
the first distance is approximately the same as a difference between the first height and the second height.
3. The sensor of claim 2, wherein the cathode and anode are approximately parallel with each other.
4. The sensor of claim 3, further comprising:
an enclosure situated on the flange; and
wherein the enclosure hermetically seals the cathode and anode from the ambient environment external to the enclosure.
5. The sensor of claim 4, wherein:
the first at least one pin has a first terminal external to the enclosure; and
the second at least one pin has a second terminal external to the enclosure.
6. The sensor of claim 5, wherein the enclosure comprises a light transmissive window.
7. The sensor of claim 6, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window so that the sensor operates in a non-saturated mode.
8. The sensor of claim 6, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window wherein the coating reduces light transmissive characteristics so that the sensor operates in a proportional mode.
9. The sensor of claim 6, wherein the sensor is a radiometer.
10. The sensor of claim 6, wherein:
the anode is a conductive layer that permits light transmission from the window through it to the cathode;
the enclosure is filled with gas at a pressure of between 80 and 120 Torr; and
the first distance is between 0.005 inch and 0.100 inch.
11. The sensor of claim 10, wherein the first distance is between 0.020 and 0.030 inch.
12. The sensor of claim 10, wherein the anode comprises a grid form.
13. A UV sensor comprising:
a layer;
a first set of pins situated on the layer and having at least one pin through the layer;
a second set of pins situated on the layer and having at least one pin through the layer;
a cathode situated on the first set of pins and connected to the at least one pin of the first set of pins;
an anode situated on the second set of pins and connected to the at least one pin of the second set of pins;
the first set of pins has a first length from the layer;
the second set of pins has a second length from the layer; and
the difference between the first length and the second length is approximately equal to a spacing between the anode and the cathode.
14. The sensor of claim 13, further comprising:
an enclosure having a UV transmissive window attached to the layer so as to hermetically seal the anode and the cathode within the enclosure and the layer; and
wherein the cathode and the anode are electrically insulated from each other.
15. The sensor of claim 14, further comprising:
an H2Ne gas mixture at a pressure between 80 and 120 Torr; and
wherein the spacing is between 0.005 and 0.100 inch.
16. The sensor of claim 15, wherein the spacing is less than 0.020 inch.
17. A sensor assembly comprising:
a cathode;
a MEMS space having an opening situated on the cathode;
a MEMS anode situated on the MEMS spacer;
a plate;
an enclosure attached to the plate and hermetically sealing the cathode, the MEMS spacer and the MEMS anode within the enclosure; and
a light transmissive window situated in the enclosure proximate to the anode; and
wherein the cathode is formed on the plate.
18. The assembly of claim 17, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window so that the sensor operates in a non-saturated mode to be a radiometer.
19. The assembly of claim 17, comprising an optical coating formed on the window wherein the coating reduces light transmissive characteristics so that the assembly operates in a proportional mode.
20. The assembly of claim 17, wherein the assembly is a radiometer.
21. The assembly of claim 17, wherein the grid is a light transmissive conductive plate.
22. The assembly of claim 17, wherein the anode comprises a plurality of openings.
23. The assembly of claim 17, wherein the assembly is for detecting UV light.
24. A sensor assembly comprising:
a base;
a MEMS cathode situated on the base;
a MEMS spacer situated on the MEMS cathode;
a MEMS light transmissive anode situated on the MEMS spacer;
a container having an open first end and a second end with a window; and
wherein the first end is attached to the base resulting in sealing the cathode, the spacer and the anode within the container and base.
25. The assembly of claim 24, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window so that the sensor assembly operates in a non-saturated mode.
26. The assembly of claim 24, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window so that the sensor assembly operates in a proportional mode.
27. The assembly of claim 26, wherein the sensor assembly operates as a radiometer.
28. The sensor of claim 24, wherein the anode is UV light transmissive.
29. A sensor assembly comprising:
a header;
a substrate situated on the header;
a cathode situated on the substrate;
a spacer situated on the perimeter of the substrate;
an anode situated on the spacer; and
a window situated on the anode; and
wherein:
the window is light transmissive;
the anode is light transmissive;
the space has a light transmissive opening between the anode and the cathode;
the window, the spacer and the substrate form a first sealed volume; and
the window, the anode, the spacer, the cathode andor the substrate are of a MEMS structure.
30. The assembly of claim 29, further comprising:
an enclosure having an open end situated on the header; and
a window situated in the enclosure; and
wherein the enclosure encompasses the window, the anode, the spacer, the cathode andor the substrate of the MEMS structure.
31. The assembly of claim 30 wherein the enclosure forms a second sealed volume.
32. The assembly of claim 31, wherein:
the first sealed volume comprises H2 and an inert gas; and
the second sealed volume comprises H2 and an inert gas.
33. The assembly of claim 32, wherein:
the first sealed volume has a pressure between 80 and 120 Torr; and
the second sealed volume has a pressure between 600 and 900 Torr.
34. The assembly of claim 33, wherein a distance between the anode and the cathode is between 0.005 and 0.100 inch.
35. A sensor assembly comprising:
a header;
a cathode situated on the header;
a spacer situated on the cathode;
a light transmissive anode situated on the spacer; and
an enclosure having an open first end and a closed second end having a light transmissive window attached to the header; and
wherein:
the cathode, spacer and anode are hermetically sealed within the enclosure; and
an adsorbing film is formed on the window.
36. The assembly of claim 35, wherein the adsorbing film reduces light transmissive characteristics so that the assembly operates in a proportional mode.
37. The assembly of claim 35, wherein the assembly is a radiometer.
38. The assembly of claim 35, wherein the anode and the spacer are a MEMS structure.
39. A light sensor comprising:
a layer;
a set of pins situated on the layer and having at least one pin through the layer;
a cathode situated on the layer; and
an anode situated on and connected to the at least one pin through the layer; and
wherein:
the set of pins has a distance beyond the cathode; and
the first distance is approximately equal to a spacing between the cathode and the anode.
40. The sensor of claim 39, further comprising:
an enclosure having a transmissive window attached to the layer so as to hermetically seal the anode and the cathode within the enclosure and the layer; and
wherein the cathode and the anode are electrically insulated from each other.
41. The sensor of claim 40, further comprising:
an H2Ne gas mixture at a pressure between 80 and 120 Torr; and
wherein the spacing is between 0.005 and 0.100 inch.
42. The sensor of claim 41, wherein the spacing is less than 0.020 inch.
43. The sensor of claim 40, further comprising an optical coating formed on the window so that the sensor operates in a non-saturated mode.
44. The assembly of claim 40, comprising an optical coating formed on the window wherein the optical coating reduces light transmissive characteristics so that the assembly operates in a proportional mode.
45. The assembly of claim 40, wherein the assembly is a radiometer.
46. A light sensor comprising:
a UV detector;
a light transmissive window situated on the detector; and
a film formed on the window for reducing light transmissive characteristics of the window.
47. The sensor of claim 46, wherein the sensor operates in a non-saturated mode.
48. The sensor of claim 46, wherein the sensor operates in a proportional mode.
49. The sensor of claim 46, wherein the sensor is a radiometer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of initiating a connection between transparent network devices, the method comprising:
intercepting a first message from a client device and addressed to a server device, wherein the first message includes a first sequence number and is adapted to initiate a first connection between the client device and the server device;
creating a first modified version of the first message adapted to initiate a second connection with a transparent network device in addition to the first connection with the server;
sending the first modified version of the first message towards the server device;
intercepting a second message from the server device and addressed to the client device, wherein the second message is adapted to continue the initiation of the first connection between the client device and the server device;
determining if the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device; and
in response to the determination that the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device, sending a second modified version of the first message towards the server, wherein the second modified version of the first message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device;
wherein the second modified version of the first message includes a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number equal to a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number included in the first modified version of the first message.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising:
receiving a first modified version of the second message in response to sending the second modified version of the first message, wherein the first modified version of the second message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device; and
sending an acknowledgement message towards the server, wherein the acknowledgement message is adapted to indicate the establishment of a portion of the first connection with the client and the establishment of the second connection with the transparent network device.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first modified version of the second message includes a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number equal to a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number included in the second message.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining if the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device comprises determining if the second message includes a transparent device parameter previously added to the second message by the transparent device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second modified version of the first message includes a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number equal to a source address, a destination address, and a sequence number included in the first message.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second modified versions of the first message each include a client parameter equal to a client parameter included in the first message.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first message includes a first source network port different than a second source network port included in the second modified version of the first message.
8. A method of initiating a connection between transparent network devices, the method comprising:
intercepting a first message from a client device and addressed to a server device, wherein the first message is adapted to initiate a first connection between the client device and the server device;
creating a first modified version of the first message adapted to initiate a second connection with a second transparent network device in addition to the first connection with the server;
sending the first modified version of the first message towards the server device;
intercepting a second message from the server device and addressed to the client device, wherein the second message is adapted to continue the initiation of the first connection between the client device and the server device;
determining if the second message was previously intercepted by the second transparent network device;
in response to the determination that the second message was previously intercepted by the second transparent network device, sending a third message adapted to reset at least a first portion of the first connection; and
sending a second modified version of the first message towards the server, wherein the second modified version of the first message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device.
9. The method of claim 8, comprising:
receiving a first modified version of the second message in response to sending the second modified version of the first message, wherein the first modified version of the second message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device; and
sending an acknowledgement message towards the server, wherein the acknowledgement message is adapted to indicate the establishment of a portion of the first connection between the first transparent network device and the client and the establishment of the second connection with second transparent network device.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the second modified version of the first message includes a first sequence number different than a second sequence number included in the first modified version of the first message.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the second modified version of the first message includes a source address and a destination address equal to a source address and a destination address included in the first modified version of the first message.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the first portion of the first connection reset by the third message does not include a second portion of the first connection between the transparent network device and the server.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the first portion of the first connection reset by the second message does not include a second portion of the first connection between the transparent network device and the server.
14. A method of initiating a connection between transparent network devices, the method comprising:
intercepting a first message from a client device and addressed to a server device, wherein the first message is adapted to initiate a first connection between the client device and the server device;
creating a first modified version of the first message adapted to initiate a second connection with a second transparent network device in addition to the first connection with the server;
sending the first modified version of the first message towards the server device;
intercepting a second message from the server device and addressed to the client device, wherein the second message is adapted to reset at least a first portion of the first connection between the client device and the server device;
determining if the second message was created by the second transparent network device; and
in response to the determination that the second message was created by the second transparent network device, sending a second modified version of the first message towards the server, wherein the second modified version of the first message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device.
15. The method of claim 14, comprising:
receiving a third message in response to sending the second modified version of the first message, wherein the third message is adapted to continue the initiation of the second connection with the transparent network device; and
sending an acknowledgement message towards the server, wherein the acknowledgement message is adapted to indicate the establishment of a portion of the first connection between the first transparent network device and the client and the establishment of the second connection with second transparent network device.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the second modified version of the first message includes a source address and a destination address equal to a source address and a destination address included in the first modified version of the first message.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein a first sequence number included in the first modified version of the first message is different than a second sequence number included in the second modified version of the first message.
18. A method of initiating a connection between transparent network devices, the method comprising:
intercepting a first message from a client device and addressed to a server device, wherein the first message includes a first connection parameter adapted to initiate a first network connection between the client device and the server device;
creating a first modified version of the first message including the first connection parameter and a second connection parameter adapted to initiate a second network connection with a transparent network device, wherein the second connection parameter is included in a transparency-unrelated portion of the first modified version of the first message;
sending the first modified version of the first message towards the server device;
intercepting a second message from the server device and addressed to the client device, wherein the second message is adapted to continue the initiation of the first network connection between the client device and the server device;
determining if the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device; and
in response to the determination that the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device, continuing the initiation of the second network connection.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein determining if the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device comprises:
searching a transparency-unrelated portion of the second message for an indicator added to the second message by the transparent network device.
20. The method of claim 18, comprising:
sending the second message towards the client device.
21. The method of claim 18, comprising:
in response to the determination that the second message was previously intercepted by the transparent network device, sending a modified second message towards the client device.
22. The method of claim 18, wherein the transparency-unrelated portion of the first modified message includes a protocol extension field.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the protocol extension field includes a TCP options field.
24. The method of claim 18, wherein the transparency-unrelated portion of the first modified message includes a sequence number.
25. The method of claim 18, wherein continuing the initiation of the second network connection comprises:
creating a third message adapted to continue the initiation of the second network connection with the transparent network device, wherein the third message includes a third connection parameter, wherein the third connection parameter is included in a transparency-unrelated portion of the third message; and
sending the third message towards the server device.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the third message is a second modified version of the first message including the first connection parameter.
27. The method of claim 26, comprising:
sending a fourth message adapted to reset at least a first portion of the first network connection.
28. The method of claim 25, wherein the third message is an acknowledgement message.