1. A gas sensor for determining a physical quantity of a gas component, comprising:
a sensor element including at least one electrochemical cell including:
a first electrode;
a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode set apart on at least one solid electrolyte, the second electrode arranged in a reference gas space; and
a third electrode in contact with a gas located in a gas space, and the gas component exchangeable between the gas space and the reference gas space by a voltage applied between the second electrode and the third electrode, the gas space being arranged in a same layer plane as the reference gas space, and the gas space and the reference gas space being connected to a reference-air atmosphere outside the sensor element via a common gas channel.
2. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the reference gas space is at least partly filled with a porous material.
3. The gas sensor according to claim 2, wherein the sensor element includes a heater arranged in a measuring area, the heater supplied by a first and a second heater lead in a supply area of the sensor element, the heater electrically insulated from the surrounding solid electrolytes by heater insulation.
4. The gas sensor according to claim 3, wherein the second heater lead is electrically insulated from surrounding solid electrolytes by the heater insulation.
5. The gas sensor according to claim 3, wherein the first and the second heater leads are electrically insulated from surrounding solid electrolytes by the heater insulation.
6. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the gas space is arranged inside the sensor element.
7. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the third electrode has a smaller surface in a layer plane of the sensor element than at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.
8. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical cell is configured to be potentiometrically driven.
9. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the sensor element includes an amperometrically driven electrochemical cell including a first pump electrode in a measuring gas space and a second pump electrode on an exterior surface of the sensor element, an exhaust gas configured to penetrate the measuring gas space through a diffusion barrier.
10. The gas sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth electrode arranged in the reference gas space, the fourth electrode electrically connected to the second electrode, a gas component exchangeable between the reference gas space and the gas space via the fourth and the third electrode.
11. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the second and third electrodes are configured to receive an alternating voltage between them, a temperature of the measuring area of the sensor element calculable in accordance with an impedance.
12. The gas sensor according to claim 11, wherein a gas component is configured to be pumped into the reference gas space from the gas space by an application of a voltage, a pumping current having a value of 5 to 50 \u03bcA.
13. The gas sensor according to claim 12, wherein the pumping current is approximately 20 \u03bcA.
14. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein, via an aperture, the reference gas space is in contact with gas located outside the sensor element on a side of the sensor element facing away from a measuring area.
15. The gas sensor according to claim 14, wherein the reference gas space is in contact with at least one of a measuring gas and the reference gas.
16. The gas sensor according to claim 1, wherein the gas sensor is configured to determine the physical quantity of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
17. A gas sensor for determining a physical quantity of a gas component, comprising:
a sensor element including at least one electrochemical cell including:
a first electrode;
a second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode set apart on at least one solid electrolyte, the second electrode arranged in a reference gas space, the reference gas space being at least partly filled with a porous material;
a third electrode in contact with a gas located in a gas space, and the gas component exchangeable between the gas space and the reference gas space by a voltage applied between the second electrode and the third electrode; and
a heater arranged in a measuring area, the heater supplied by a first and a second heater lead in a supply area of the sensor element, the heater electrically insulated from the surrounding solid electrolytes by heater insulation, the heater insulation including a porous configuration and forming the gas space, the porous heater insulation connected to gas located outside the sensor element;
wherein at least portions of the first heater lead are arranged between a solid electrolyte and the porous heater insulation, and the first heater lead is configured as the third electrode.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A package for an elongate surgical device, comprising:
an elongate tube having walls defining a lumen between a first end and a second end of the tube;
the tube being formed into a coiled configuration with a first coiled portion disposed adjacent to a second coiled portion, the first coiled portion being composed of a plastic material, the second coiled portion being composed of the plastic material; and
a curved thermal weld bonding the first coiled portion to the second coiled portion in a fixed, non-peelable relationship without additional adhesive materials.
2. The package recited in claim 1 wherein the thermal weld is continuous.
3. The package recited in claim 2 wherein:
the tube is formed into a stack of coils; and
the weld comprising a single continuous weld retaining the coils in a fixed relationship.
4. The package recited in claim 2 further comprising:
a backing card carrying the tube in the coiled configuration.
5. The package recited in claim 4 further comprising:
a pouch forming with the backing card a sterilizable, hermetically sealed, enclosure for the coiled tube.
6. The package recited in claim 4 wherein the backing card is composed of the plastic material.
7. The package recited in claim 1 further comprising:
a retaining accessory coupled to the first end of the elongate tube.
8. The package recited in claim 7, wherein the retaining accessory is composed of the plastic material.
9. A package for an elongate surgical device, comprising:
an elongate tube having walls defining a lumen between a first end and a second end of the tube;
the tube being formed into a coiled configuration with a first coiled portion disposed adjacent to a second coiled portion, the first coiled portion and the second coiled portion being composed of a common material; and
a curved thermal weld bonding the first coiled portion to the second coiled portion in a fixed, non-peelable relationship.
10. The package recited in claim 9, wherein the thermal weld comprises a separate bridge bond thermally bonded to the first coiled portion and the second coiled portion.
11. The package recited in claim 9, wherein the tube and the separate bridge bond are composed of the common material.
12. The package recited in claim 9, wherein the first coiled portion and the second coiled portion are disposed along a common plane.
13. The package recited in claim 9, wherein the thermal weld is continuous.
14. The package recited in claim 9, wherein the thermal weld is intermittent.
15. A package for elongate surgical devices, comprising:
a first elongate tube having walls defining a first lumen between a first end and a second end of the first tube;
the first tube being formed into a first coiled configuration with a first coiled portion disposed adjacent to a second coiled portion, the first coiled portion and the second coiled portion being composed of a common material;
a first curved thermal weld bonding the first coiled portion to the second coiled portion in a first fixed, non-peelable relationship;
a second elongate tube having walls defining a second lumen between a third end and a fourth end of the second tube;
the second tube being formed into a second coiled configuration with a third coiled portion disposed adjacent to a fourth coiled portion, the third coiled portion and the fourth coiled portion being composed of the common material; and
a second curved thermal weld bonding the third coiled portion to the fourth coiled portion in a second fixed, non-peelable relationship.
16. The package recited in claim 15, wherein:
first coiled portion and the second coiled portion are disposed along a first plane; and
third coiled portion and the fourth coiled portion are disposed along a second plane above the first plane.