1. A device for sensing the linear position of a transmission member comprising:
a cable attached to a lever of a motor vehicle gearbox for detecting the position of lever, member being connected on at least one of its ends to a cable end piece that is fitted sliding into a fixed sheath end piece, wherein it comprises a magnet fitted inside a pipe that constitutes the cable end piece and a Hall Effect Sensor positioned on one part of the sheath end piece in order to detect the movement between the cable end piece and the sheath end piece, which corresponds to a movement of the said lever.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the member is a cable fitted between the lever and the parts of the gearbox, for selecting the said gears.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is a permanent magnet, the magnetization direction of which varies linearly or sinusoidally depending on the direction of movement of the end piece.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is fitted inside the cable end piece located next to the lever.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is fitted inside the cable end piece located next to the gearbox.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is inserted into the pipe.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is molded from a casting inside the pipe.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A mixture, comprising:
at least two different diesters of formula I:
wherein each of R1 to R8 is independently H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and
C8H17COO groups of at least two of the diesters of formula I are nonidentical isomers.
2. The mixture of claim 1, wherein
a proportion of C8H17COO groups of any one structure is not more than 95 mol % of all C8H17COO groups in the diesters.
3. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein less than 10 mol % of C8H17 groups in the diesters are 3,5,5-trimethylpentyl groups.
4. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein C8H17COO groups of the diesters have a degree of branching of from 0.7 to 2.0.
5. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein C8H17COO groups of the diesters have a degree of branching of from 1.2 to 1.9.
6. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein each of R1 to R8 is H.
7. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein the diesters comprise at least two different bicyclic substructures of formula I, which differ in configuration.
8. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein the diesters comprise at least two diesters with different molar masses.
9. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein the diesters comprise at least two diesters of different molar masses, and
the diesters comprise at least two different bicyclic substructures of different configurations.
10. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein the diesters in the mixture all comprise identical bicyclic substructures of formula I, and
individual diester isomers differ only via differently structured C8H17COO groups.
11. The mixture of claim 1,
wherein the two different diesters of formula I are diesters of formula Ia:
wherein chiral C atoms of the bicyclic skeleton can, independently of each other, have R or S configuration.
12. The mixture of claim 10,
wherein the two different diesters are diesters of isosorbide.
13. The mixture of claim 1, further comprising: a polymer, another plasticizer that is not a diester of the formula I, or both.
14. The mixture of claim 13, comprising a polymer,
wherein a ratio by weight of polymer to diesters of formula I is from 30:1 to 1:2.5.
15. The mixture of claim 13, comprising another plasticizer that is not a diester of the formula I,
wherein a molar ratio of the other plasticizer to the diesters of formula I is from 1:10 to 10:1.
16. The mixture of claim 13, comprising a polymer,
wherein the polymer is PVC.
17. A process for preparing a dianhydrohexitol diester mixture, the process comprising:
reacting a hexahydric alcohol of formula II:
an anhydro or dianhydro derivative of an alcohol of formula II, or a mixture thereof with a carboxylic acid mixture comprising at least two different carboxylic acids of formula C8H17COOH, to obtain the dianhydrohexitol diester mixture,
wherein the dianhydrohexitol diester mixture comprises at least two different diesters of formula I:
each of R1 to R8 is independently H or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and
C8H17COO groups of at least two of the diesters of formula I are nonidentical isomers.
18. The process of claim 17,
wherein the carboxylic acid mixture has an average degree of branching from 0.7 to 2.0.
19. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises:
dehydrating the alcohol of formula II or a monoanhydro derivative of an alcohol of formula II, to obtain an alcohol dehydration product, then
separately esterifying the alcohol dehydration product with the carboxylic acid mixture, to obtain the dianhydrohexitol diester mixture.
20. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises:
dehydrating and esterifying an alcohol of formula II or a monoanhydro derivative of an alcohol of formula II in one operation.
21. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises dehydrating at a temperature of from 100 to 180\xb0 C.
22. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises:
dehydrating to obtain a dehydration product in the presence of a catalyst, and
esterifying in the presence of the catalyst.
23. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises esterifying on an acidic ion-exchanger resin.
24. The process of claim 17, further comprising:
passing an inert gas through a reaction mixture of the reacting, thereby removing water.
25. The process of claim 17, further comprising:
distilling a reaction mixture of the reacting, thereby removing water.
26. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises esterifying, and
wherein a temperature of esterifying is from 120 to 260\xb0 C.
27. The process of claim 17,
wherein the reacting comprises dehydrating and subsequently, separately esterifying, and
wherein a temperature of esterifying is from 130 to 180\xb0 C.
28. A paint, an ink, a coating, a plastisol, an adhesive, a component of an adhesive, a sealing composition, a plasticizer in a plastic, a plasticizer in a component of a plastic, a solvent, a component of a lubricating oil, or an auxiliary during metalworking, comprising the mixture of claim 1.
29. A PVC plastic or component thereof, comprising the mixture of claim 1.
30. A PVC plastisol, comprising the mixture of claim 1.
31. A PVC composition, comprising:
PVC and
the mixture of claim 1,
wherein the composition has a content of from 5 to 250 parts by weight of the mixture of claim 1 per 100 parts by weight of PVC.
32. A plastisol, comprising:
PVC and
the mixture of claim 1,
wherein the composition has a content of from 5 to 250 parts by weight of the mixture of claim 1 per 100 parts by weight of PVC.