1. A low drop-out (LDO) regulator, comprising:
a differential amplifier circuit having a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, an output terminal, a bias terminal and a ground terminal, comprising:
a differential pair circuit electrically coupled to the negative input terminal and the output terminal, receiving an input voltage from the positive input terminal, and electrically coupled to a positive bias through the bias terminal;
a current source for providing a constant current;
a current mirror circuit for receiving the constant current and mirroring the constant current to the differential pair circuit, and the current mirror circuit being grounded through the ground terminal; and
a first PMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the current mirror circuit for receiving the constant current, a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the positive bias through the bias terminal, and a gate electrically coupled to the output terminal;
a first passive element having a first terminal being grounded, and a second terminal electrically coupled to the negative input terminal; and
a second PMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the negative input terminal and the second terminal of the first passive element, a gate electrically coupled to the output terminal, and a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the positive bias.
2. The low drop-out regulator of claim 1, wherein the differential pair circuit comprises:
a first NMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the current mirror circuit for receiving the constant current mirrored by the current mirror circuit, a gate electrically coupled to the positive input terminal, and a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the output terminal;
a second NMOS transistor having a gate electrically coupled to the negative input terminal, and a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the first sourcedrain terminal of the first NMOS transistor;
a third PMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the second sourcedrain terminal of the first NMOS transistor, and a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the positive bias through the bias terminal; and
a fourth PMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to a gate thereof, a second sourcedrain terminal of the second NMOS transistor, and a gate of the third PMOS transistor respectively, and a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the positive bias through the bias terminal.
3. The low drop-out regulator of claim 1, wherein the current mirror circuit comprises:
a third NMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal being grounded through the ground terminal, and a second sourcedrain terminal electrically coupled to the differential pair circuit; and
a fourth NMOS transistor having a first sourcedrain terminal being grounded, a second sourcedrain terminal receiving the constant current, and a gate electrically coupled to the gate of the third NMOS transistor.
4. The low drop-out regulator of claim 1, wherein a parasitic capacitor is connected between the output terminal of the differential amplifier circuit and the second PMOS transistor.
5. The low drop-out regulator of claim 1, wherein the first passive element is a resistor.
6. The low drop-out regulator of claim 1, further comprising a second passive element having a first terminal electrically coupled to the negative input terminal and the second terminal of the first passive element, and a second terminal electrically coupled to the first sourcedrain terminal of the second PMOS transistor.
7. The low drop-out regulator of claim 6, wherein the second passive element is a resistor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A modular master hologram stack comprising:
a holder configured for interchangeable support of at least two multichannel image generation devices,
a reservoir to contain refractive index matching fluid between said multichannel image generation devices,
a support for at least one three-dimensional (3D) object or hologram of a 3D object beneath said multichannel image generation devices;
wherein the modular master hologram stack is configured to record a holographic image onto holographic recording film, said holographic image comprising a hologram of a 3D object in conjunction with a multi-channel holographic image, the method comprising:
forming a holographic recording stack by:
positioning said holographic recording film over said multichannel image generation device;
positioning said at least one 3D object or hologram of a 3D object under said multichannel image generation device; and
providing a transparent window in said multichannel image generation device in a region above said at least one object; and then
recording said holographic image in said holographic recording film by illuminating said stack through said holographic recording film with a laser light of at least one wavelength.
2. A modular master hologram stack comprising:
a holder configured for interchangeable support of at least two multichannel image generation devices;
a reservoir to contain refractive index matching fluid between said multichannel image generation devices; and
a support for at least one 3D object or hologram of a 3D object beneath said multichannel image generation devices.
3. A modular master hologram stack as claimed in claim 2 wherein at least one of said multichannel image generation devices comprises a multichannel volume reflection hologram.
4. A modular master hologram stack as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a film holder above said multichannel image generation devices to hold holographic recording film substantially planar and motionless to less than 100 nm for a period of at least one millisecond.
5. A modular master hologram stack as claimed in claim 2 wherein a total height of said stack is less than 1 cm.
6. A modular master hologram stack as claimed in claim 2 wherein said multichannel image generation devices have substantially transparent regions above said at least one 3D object or hologram of a 3D object.