1. An inkjet head comprising:
a plurality of nozzles arrayed spaced apart from one another; and
a plurality of actuators provided for the respective nozzles and configured to pressurize ink and eject the ink from the nozzles, the actuators including piezoelectric elements provided on an insulating layer, first electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements, and second electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements and configured to hold the piezoelectric elements in cooperation with the first electrodes, the first electrodes of all the actuators being electrically connected to a common first energization pattern provided on the insulating layer, the second electrodes of all the actuators being individually electrically connected to a plurality of second energization patterns provided on the insulating layer, and the first energization pattern and the second energization patterns being separated from each other without overlapping each other on the insulating layer.
2. The inkjet head of claim 1, wherein
the nozzles are formed on a nozzle plate including the insulating layer, and
the actuators are incorporated in the nozzle plate to surround the nozzles.
3. The inkjet head of claim 2, wherein
the first electrodes of the actuators adjacent to each other in an arraying direction of the nozzles are electrically connected via a wiring portion extending between outer circumferential portions of the piezoelectric elements, and
the wiring portion is electrically connected to the first energization pattern on the insulating layer.
4. The inkjet head of claim 3, wherein
the second electrodes include wiring portions led from the outer circumferential portions of the piezoelectric elements onto the insulating layer to face a direction different from the wiring portions of the first electrodes, and
the wiring portions of the second electrodes are electrically connected to the second energization patterns on the insulating layer.
5. An inkjet head comprising:
a head main body including a plurality of ink pressure chambers to which ink is supplied;
a nozzle plate laminated on the head main body, the nozzle plate including a displaceable insulating layer exposed to the ink pressure chambers and a plurality of nozzles piercing through the insulating layer, and the nozzles being individually provided to communicate with the ink pressure chambers; and
a plurality of actuators provided on the insulating layer to correspond to the respective nozzles and configured to pressurize ink supplied to the ink pressure chambers and eject the ink from the nozzles, the actuators including piezoelectric elements, first electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements, and second electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements and configured to hold the piezoelectric elements in cooperation with the first electrodes, the first electrodes and the second electrodes respectively including wiring portions for energization led from outer circumferential portions of the piezoelectric elements onto the insulating layer, the wiring portions of the first electrodes and the wiring portions of the second electrodes being led from the outer circumferential portions of the piezoelectric elements in directions different from each other and separated from each other without overlapping each other on the insulating layer.
6. The inkjet head of claim 5, wherein
the insulating layer includes a common first energization pattern to which the wiring portions of the first electrodes of the actuators are electrically connected and a plurality of second energization patterns to which the wiring portions of the second electrodes of the actuators are individually electrically connected, and
the first energization pattern and the second energization patterns are separated from each other on the insulating layer.
7. The inkjet head of claim 6, wherein
the nozzle plate includes a plurality of nozzle rows, each of which includes the plurality of nozzles, and
the nozzle rows extend in a conveying direction of a recording medium on which an image is formed with the ink ejected from the nozzles and are arrayed spaced apart from one another in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction of the recording medium.
8. The inkjet head of claim 7, wherein
the first energization pattern is wired passing through two nozzles adjacent to each other in a center along a longitudinal direction of the nozzle rows, and
the wiring portions of the first electrodes extend along the nozzle rows to cross the first energization pattern.
9. The inkjet head of claim 8, wherein the second energization patterns are arranged spaced apart from one another in a direction in which the nozzle rows extend in positions apart from the first energization pattern.
10. An inkjet recording apparatus comprising:
a conveying path for conveying a recording medium; and
an inkjet head configured to eject ink to the recording medium to form an image on the recording medium, the inkjet head including:
a plurality of nozzles arrayed spaced apart from one another; and
a plurality of actuators provided for the respective nozzles, the actuators including piezoelectric elements provided on an insulating layer, first electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements, and second electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements and configured to hold the piezoelectric elements in cooperation with the first electrodes, the first electrodes of all the actuators being electrically connected to a common first energization pattern provided on the insulating layer, the second electrodes of all the actuators being individually electrically connected to a plurality of second energization patterns provided on the insulating layer, and the first energization pattern and the second energization patterns being separated from each other without overlapping each other on the insulating layer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Content data encrypted with a stream encryption method and transmitted by broadcastmulticast, comprising:
at least an initialization packet containing an initialization vector used when following stream data are encrypted, wherein the initialization vector is changed at every initialization intervals defined by a stream encryption module; and
an encryption packet containing stream-encrypted data generated by encrypting the following stream data with the initialization vector,
wherein the initialization packet further contains another initialization vector used when another stream data different from the following stream data are encrypted.
2. The content data according to claim 1, wherein when a number of the encryption packets encrypted at each initialization interval varies, the initialization packet further contains a total byte number of the another stream data encrypted with the another initialization vector contained in the initialization packet.
3. The content data according to claim 1, wherein the another initialization vector is a plurality of initialization vectors.
4. A transmitting apparatus comprising:
an initialization vector generating unit for generating an initialization vector for encrypting stream data with a stream encryption method, wherein the initialization vector is changed at every initialization intervals defined by a stream encryption module;
an initialization packet generating unit for generating an initialization packet containing an initialization vector used when stream data following the initialization packet are encrypted, and another initialization vector used when another stream data different from the stream data following the initialization packet are encrypted;
an encryption unit for initializing the stream encryption module by using the initialization vector generated by the initialization vector generating unit, and perforating stream encryption on stream data following the initialization vector by using the initialized stream encryption module;
an encryption packet generating unit for generating an encryption packet containing stream-encrypted data encrypted by the encryption unit; and
a transmission unit for transmitting the initialization packet and the encryption packet by broadcastmulticast.
5. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein when a number of the encryption packets encrypted at each initialization interval varies, the initialization packet further contains a total byte number of the another stream data encrypted with the another encryption vector contained in the initialization packet.
6. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the another initialization vector is a plurality of initialization vectors.
7. A receiving apparatus comprising:
a reception unit for receiving an initialization packet containing an initialization vector for encrypting stream data following the initialization packet and another initialization vector for encrypting another stream data different from the stream data following the initialization packet, and an encryption packet containing stream-encrypted data encrypted with the initialization vector;
a decryption unit for initializing a stream encryption module using the initialization vector contained in the initialization packet and decrypting stream-encrypted data contained in the encryption packet;
a detection unit for detecting a reception error of a packet received by the reception unit; and
a control unit for controlling the decryption unit, when a reception error of a packet is detected by the detection unit, so as to decrypt stream-encrypted data contained in an encryption packet following the packet in the reception error by using the another initialization vector contained in another initialization packet that is different from an initialization packet supposed to be used for decryption of the packet in the reception error.
8. The receiving apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when a number of the encryption packets encrypted at each initialization interval varies, the initialization packet further contains a total byte number of the another stream data encrypted with the another initialization vector contained in the initialization packet, and
the control unit controls the decryption unit, when a reception error of a packet is detected by the detection unit, so as to decrypt stream-encrypted data contained in an encryption packet following the packet in the reception error by using the another initialization vector and the total byte number which are contained in the another initialization packet.
9. A decoding method comprising:
receiving step for receiving an initialization packet containing an initialization vector for encrypting stream data following the initialization packet and another initialization vector for encrypting another stream data different from the stream data following the initialization packet, and an encryption packet containing stream-encrypted data encrypted with the initialization vector, with a reception unit;
decrypting step for initializing stream encryption module using the initialization vector contained in the initialization packet, and decrypting stream-encrypted data contained in the encryption packet with the stream encryption module;
detecting step for detecting a reception error of a packet received at the receiving step; and
controlling step for controlling the decrypting step, when a reception error of a packet is detected at the detecting step, so as to decrypt stream-encrypted data contained in an encryption packet following the packet in the reception error by using the another initialization vector contained in another initialization packet that is different from an initialization packet supposed to be used for decryption of the packet in the reception error.