1. A compound of the formula (I) or (IV):
C1-B1-A-B2-C2\u2003\u2003(I)
C1-B1-A\u2003\u2003(IV)
wherein for (I) and (IV)
A is a disorazole moiety according to formula (III):
wherein
Rio, Rjo, Rkp, Rmp, R28, R30, R31, R32 R33, R34, R35, R36, R38, R40, R41, R42, R43 and R44 are hydrogen;
R1p and Rnp together form a double bond or are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkoxyl;
R27 and R29 together form a double bond or an epoxide (oxiran);
R37 and R39 together form a double bond or an epoxide (oxiran);
R25 and R26 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of: alkyl which is optionally substituted in the alkyl group by 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently from each other selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-alkyl, heteroaryl-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-alkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aryl-alkylsulfonyl, halogen, \u2014F, \u2014Cl, \u2014Br, \u2014I, \u2014N3, \u2014NO2, \u2550O, \u2550S, \u2550S(O)2, hydroxyl, carbonyl, acetyl, carboxyl, carboxylester, amide, carbonate, carbamate, alpha-amino acid residues, beta-amino acid residues, alkoxyl, amino, imino, hydroxylamino, mono-alkylamino, di-alkylamino, hydrazinyl, cyano, alkyl-cyano, sulfhydryl, disulfidylalkyl and alkyl-sulfidyl; and
B1 and B2 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of dicarbonic acid residue linker, succinyl and glutaryl;
C1 and C2 are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), D-Lys6-LHRH, somatostatin, somatostatin analogues and human serum albumin (HSA);
o is 1 or 2; and
p is 1 or 2.
2. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An audio signal processing method comprising:
receiving an audio signal including data of a current frame;
performing, when an error has occurred in the data of the current frame, frame error concealment on the data of the current frame using a random codebook to generate a first temporary output signal of the current frame;
performing at least one of short term prediction, long term prediction, and fixed codebook search based on the first temporary output signal to generate a parameter; and
updating a memory with the parameter for a next frame,
wherein the parameter includes at least one of a pitch gain, a pitch delay, a fixed codebook gain, and a fixed codebook.
2. The audio signal processing method according to claim 1, further comprising:
performing, when an error has occurred in the data of the current frame, extrapolation on a past input signal to generate a second temporary output signal; and
selecting the first temporary output signal or the second temporary output signal according to speech characteristics of a previous frame,
wherein the parameter is generated by performing at least one of short term prediction, long term prediction, and fixed codebook search on the selected temporary output signal.
3. The audio signal processing method according to claim 2, wherein the speech characteristics of the previous frame are associated with whether voiced sound characteristics or unvoiced sound characteristics of the previous frame are greater and the voice sound characteristics are greater when the pitch gain is high and the pitch delay changes little.
4. The audio signal processing method according to claim 1, wherein the memory includes a memory for long term prediction and a memory for short term prediction and includes a memory used for parameter quantization of a prediction scheme.
5. The audio signal processing method according to claim 1, further comprising generating a final output signal of the current frame by performing at least one of fixed codebook acquisition, adaptive codebook synthesis, and short term synthesis using the parameter.
6. The audio signal processing method according to claim 5, further comprising updating the memory with the final output signal and an excitation signal acquired through the long term synthesis and fixed codebook synthesis.
7. The audio signal processing method according to claim 1, further comprising performing at least one of long term synthesis and short term synthesis on a next frame based on the memory when no error has occurred in data of the next frame.
8. An audio signal processing device comprising:
a demultiplexer for receiving an audio signal including data of a current frame and checking whether or not an error has occurred in the data of the current frame;
an error concealment unit for performing, when an error has occurred in the data of the current frame, frame error concealment on the data of the current frame using a random codebook to generate a first temporary output signal of the current frame;
a re-encoder for performing at least one of short term prediction, long term prediction, and fixed codebook search based on the first temporary output signal to generate a parameter; and
a decoder for updating a memory with the parameter for a next frame,
wherein the parameter includes at least one of a pitch gain, a pitch delay, a fixed codebook gain, and a fixed codebook.
9. The audio signal processing device according to claim 8, wherein the error concealment unit includes:
an extrapolation unit for performing, when an error has occurred in the data of the current frame, extrapolation on a past input signal to generate a second temporary output signal; and
a selector for selecting the first temporary output signal or the second temporary output signal according to speech characteristics of a previous frame,
wherein the parameter is generated by performing at least one of short term prediction, long term prediction, and fixed codebook search on the selected temporary output signal.
10. The audio signal processing device according to claim 9, wherein the speech characteristics of the previous frame are associated with whether voiced sound characteristics or unvoiced sound characteristics of the previous frame are greater and the voice sound characteristics are greater when the pitch gain is high and the pitch delay changes little.
11. The audio signal processing device according to claim 8, wherein the memory includes a memory for long term prediction and a memory for short term prediction and includes a memory used for parameter quantization of a prediction scheme.
12. The audio signal processing device according to claim 8, wherein the decoder generates a final output signal of the current frame by performing at least one of fixed codebook acquisition, adaptive codebook synthesis, and short term synthesis using the parameter.
13. The audio signal processing device according to claim 12, wherein the decoder updates the memory with the final output signal and an excitation signal acquired through the long term synthesis and fixed codebook synthesis.
14. The audio signal processing device according to claim 8, wherein the decoder performs at least one of long term synthesis and short term synthesis on a next frame based on the memory when no error has occurred in data of the next frame.