What is claimed is:
1. A method for automatically outputting an image by a user, while working in an operating system running on a computer, comprising the steps of:
selecting at least one image provided in a display device that is being driven by said operating system in said computer;
selecting an output of said at least one image from a menu that is brought up by said first software program; and
automatically outputting said at least one image to said selected output in accordance with the requirements for said selected output without any further user involvement or opening up of any other program by said user.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of selecting an output further comprises selecting a desired hard copy print size.
3. The method according to claim 2 wherein said step of automatically outputting said selected output further comprises minimizing hard copy print media waste by automatically optimizing a layout of said at least one selected images.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of selecting an output further comprises selecting at least one album page wherein a layout of said at least one image on said album page is created automatically.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of selecting an output further comprises selecting at least one email address for output of said at least one image as an email attachment.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of selecting an output further comprises selecting at least one web address for output of said at least one image to a web page corresponding to said at least one web address.
7. A computer software program such that when placed on a computer as part of an operating system for said computer, said program would cause a computer to perform the steps of:
allows the selection of at least one image provided on a display device that is being driven by said computer;
allows the activation of an input device so as to provide a selection menu on said display device whereby a user can select an output type by one of said menu selections, without said user having to take any further action or open any other software program.
8. A computer software program according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of:
reading said at least one selected image into memory;
determining an aspect ratio for said at least one selected image and cropping the center of said at least one image to a target aspect ratio;
resizing said at least one image to a target size;
finding a default printer connected to said computer and default settings for said printer; and
sending said at least one image to said printer for printing.
9. A computer software program according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of:
allows selection of an album page option from said selection menu;
reading said at least one selected image into memory;
resizing said at least one image to a target size;
automatically laying out said at least one images on at least one said album page;
finding a default printer connected to said computer and default settings for said printer; and
sending said at least one album page to said printer for printing.
10. A computer software program according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of:
reading said at least one selected image into memory;
resizing said at least one image to a size optimized for email;
allowing selection of at least one email address; and
automatically creating email attachments for said at least one selected images.
11. A computer software program according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of:
reading said at least one selected image into memory;
resizing said at least one image to a size optimized for web publishing;
allowing selection of at least one URL; and
sending said at least one image to said URL for publishing.
12. A computer program according to claim 1 further comprising the step of:
automatically laying out said at least one image on at least one web page for said web publishing.
13. A computer software program according to claim 7 wherein a second selection menu is provided for providing further detailed options for selecting an output type by said user.
14. A computer software program according to claim 7 wherein said input selection device comprises a mouse click or a keystroke.
15. A computer software program according to claim 7 wherein said input selection device comprises a voice activation program.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A receiver, comprising:
a detector configured to receive polarization multiplexed coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) input sequences and generate estimates of unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences for x- and y-polarization channels with respect to laser phase noise and PMD;
a demapper coupled to said detector, configured to partially cancel polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in the input sequences by computing symbol probabilities for the estimates with respect to the laser phase noise, and averaging the symbol probabilities with respect to the laser phase noise; and
one or more low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoders coupled to said demapper, configured to receive bit probabilities derived from the averaged symbol probabilities and output code words based at least on the bit probabilities, the one or more LDPC decoders iteratively providing extrinsic soft information feedback to said demapper to compensate for the PMD.
2. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said detector module generates the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols based on Jones matrix coefficients determined with respect to a training based channel estimation.
3. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said detector performs equal-gain combining on the input sequences to generate the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences.
4. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the input sequences comprise different OFDM symbols on different ones of the x- and y-polarizations.
5. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said detector utilizes a symmetry of channel coefficients to generate the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences.
6. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the laser phase noise is determined at least using pilot-aided channel estimation.
7. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said demapper averages the symbol probabilities with respect to the laser phase noise over all values of a plurality of laser phase noise samples, so as to remove a dependence of the symbol estimates on the laser phase noise.
8. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said demapper is an a posteriori probability (APP) demapper.
9. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the laser phase noise is represented by a zero-mean Gaussian process with variance, the variance based on laser line widths of a transmitting laser and a receiver laser.
10. A method, comprising:
receiving and demultiplexing polarization multiplexed coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) input sequences using a demultiplexer;
generating estimates of unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences for x- and y-polarization channels with respect to laser phase noise and PMD;
partially cancelling polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in the input sequences using a demapper, by computing symbol probabilities for the estimates with respect to the laser phase noise, and averaging the symbol probabilities with respect to the laser phase noise;
decoding bit probabilities derived from the averaged symbol probabilities using one or more low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoders coupled to said demapper to output code words based at least on the bit probabilities; and
iteratively feeding back extrinsic soft information to the demapper to compensate for the PMD.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said generating step generates the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols based on Jones matrix coefficients determined with respect to a training based channel estimation.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein said generating step comprises performing equal-gain combining on the input sequences to generate the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the input sequences comprise different OFDM symbols on different ones of the x- and y-polarizations.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein said generating step comprises utilizing a symmetry of channel coefficients to generate the estimates of the unknown transmitted symbols in the input sequences.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the laser phase noise is determined at least using pilot-aided channel estimation.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein said averaging step averages the symbol probabilities with respect to the laser phase noise over all values of a plurality of laser phase noise samples, so as to remove a dependence of the symbol estimates on the laser phase noise.
17. The method of claim 10, the demapper is an a posteriori probability (APP) demapper.
18. The method of claim 10, wherein the laser phase noise is represented by a zero-mean Gaussian process with variance, the variance based on laser line widths of a transmitting laser and a receiver laser.