1. Disc brake for a heavy vehicle having an axle pressure between 6 and 14 tons, comprising a disc-shaped rotor (8) consisting of a cast iron alloy and having an active radius R and a caliper (30) supporting a brake lining (32) which is intended to be pressed against said rotor (8) during braking, in which said rotor (8) and brake lining (32) are arranged to absorb a brake power corresponding to a braking torque between 12 and 25 kNm and in which said brake lining (32) has a radial extent B, characterized in that a ratio BR between the radial extent B of the lining (32) and the active radius R of the rotor (8) is less than 0.38 and thereby substantially limiting a number of band shaped wear modes.
2. Disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that said brake lining (32) is designed to absorb a brake power corresponding to a braking torque amounting to 16 kNm, wherein said brake lining (32) has a radial extent of less than 70 mm.
3. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that said rotor (8) is of substantially symmetrical configuration with respect to a plane running at right angles through the rotational axis and has a central bushing (12) intended for fastening to a wheel axle (6), the wear surfaces of the brake disc remaining flat when heated.
4. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the active radius of the rotor (8) is greater than 185 mm.
5. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the brake lining (32) is configured having a tangential modulus of elasticity B greater than 400 Mpa at a contact pressure of 2 MPa at room temperature.
6. Disc brake according to claim 2, characterized in that said caliper (30) supports two brake cylinders which are meant to press the brake lining against the rotor.
7. Disc brake according to claim 1, characterized in that said brake lining (32) is designed to absorb a brake power corresponding to a braking torque amounting to 25 kNm, wherein said brake lining (32) has a radial extent of less than 80 mm.
8. Vehicle having an axle pressure between 6 and 14 tons, comprising a disc brake having a disc-shaped rotor (8), consisting of a cast iron alloy and having an active radius R, and a caliper (30) supporting a brake lining (32) which is intended to be pressed against said rotor (8) during braking, in which said brake lining (32) has a radial extent B, characterized in that a ratio BR between the radial extent B of the lining (32) and the active radius R of the rotor (8) is less than 0.38 and thereby substantially limiting a number of band shaped wear modes.
9. Vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that said axle pressure amounts to between 11 and 14 tons and in that said brake lining (32) has a radial extent of less than 80 mm.
10. Vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that said axle pressure amounts to between 8.5 and 11 tons and in that said brake lining (32) has a radial extent of less than 75 mm.
11. Vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that said axle pressure amounts to between 6 and 8.5 tons and in that said brake lining (32) has a radial extent of less than 70 mm.
12. A disc brake means for retarding motion of a heavy vehicle and for limiting a number of band shaped wear modes, said brake means having an axle pressure between six and fourteen tons and comprising a disc-shaped rotor (8) consisting of a cast iron alloy and having an active radius R and a caliper (30) supporting a brake lining means (32) for pressing against said rotor (8) during braking, said rotor (8) and brake lining means (32) absorbing a brake power corresponding to a braking torque between 12 and 25 kNm and said brake lining means (32) having a radial extent B and characterized in that a ratio BR between the radial extent B of the brake lining means (32) and the active radius R of the rotor (8) is less than 0.38.
13. The disc brake means as recited in claim 12, wherein said brake lining means (32) is configured for absorbing a brake power corresponding to a braking torque amounting to 16 kNm, wherein said brake lining means (32) has a radial extent of less than 70 mm.
14. The disc brake means as recited in claim 13, wherein rotor (8) is of substantially symmetrical configuration with respect to a plane running at right angles through the rotational axis and has a central bushing means (12) for fastening to a wheel axle (6) and a wear surfaces of the brake disc remaining flat when heated.
15. The disc brake means as recited in claim 13, wherein the active radius of said rotor (8) is greater than 185 mm.
16. The disc brake means as recited in claim 13, wherein said brake lining means (32) has a tangential modulus of elasticity E greater than 400 Mpa at a contact pressure of 2 MPa at room temperature.
17. The disc brake means as recited in claim 13, wherein said caliper (30) supports two brake cylinders that press the brake lining means against the rotor.
18. The disc brake means as recited in claim 12, wherein said brake lining means (32) is configured for absorbing a brake power corresponding to a braking torque amounting to 25 kNm, wherein said brake lining means (32) has a radial extent of less than 80 mm.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An information system comprising:
a plurality of physical nodes each of which processes a packet received from one of one or more external nodes according to a packet handling operation that associates a matching rule for identifying a flow and processing content to be applied to a packet that matches the matching rule; and
a control apparatus which sets the packet handling operation in each of the plurality of physical nodes, thereby causing the plurality of physical nodes to operate as virtual nodes on a virtual network that may be used by the one or more external nodes; wherein
the control apparatus comprises:
a first storage unit which defines a correspondence relationship between each of the plurality of physical nodes and one of one or more virtual networks; and
a second storage unit which defines a correspondence relationship between each of the one or more external nodes and a virtual node on one of the one or more virtual networks;
the control apparatus determining the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the one or more external nodes is (are) to be connected, based on information on the physical node(s) to which the external node(s) is connected and information on the external node(s)
2. The information system according to claim 1, wherein
upon receipt of a request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus determines the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the external node(s) is to be connected, based on information on the physical node(s) that has transmitted the request for setting the packet handling operation and information on the external node(s) included in the request for setting the packet handling operation.
3. The information system according to claim 1, wherein the control apparatus further comprises:
a third storage unit which stores a correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network and the determined virtual node(s); and
when receiving the request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus refers to the third storage unit, and then when a corresponding entry may not be able to be discovered, the control apparatus refers to the first and second storage units to determine the virtual network and the virtual node(s) to which the external node is to be connected, and then stores in the third storage unit the correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network, and the determined virtual node(s).
4. The information system according to claim 1, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
5. The information system according to claim 1, wherein
in the second storage unit, information on the virtual node on the virtual network and a virtual interface of the virtual node is associated, for each of the one or more external nodes; and
the control apparatus treats the external node as being connected to the virtual node on the virtual network through the virtual interface.
6. A control apparatus, wherein the control apparatus is connected to a plurality of physical nodes each of which processes a packet received from one of one or more external nodes according to a processing rule that associates a matching rule for identifying a flow and processing content to be applied to a packet that matches the matching rule;
the control apparatus comprises:
a first storage unit that defines a correspondence relationship between each of the plurality of physical nodes and one of one or more virtual networks; and
a second storage unit that defines a correspondence relationship between each of the one or more external nodes and a virtual node on one of the one or more virtual networks;
the control apparatus determining the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the one of the one or more external nodes is to be connected, based on information on the physical node(s) to which the external node(s) is connected and information on the external node;
the control apparatus setting the processing rule in each of the plurality of physical nodes including the physical node(s) corresponding to the virtual node(s), thereby causing the plurality of physical nodes to operate as virtual nodes on the virtual network that may be used by the one or more external nodes.
7. A method of providing a virtual network, wherein the method comprises:
using a control apparatus connected to a plurality of physical nodes each of which processes a packet received from one of one or more external nodes according to a packet handling operation that associates a matching rule for identifying a flow and processing content to be applied to a packet that matches the matching rule; the method comprising the steps of:
determining the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the one of the one or more external nodes is to be connected, based on information on the physical node(s) to which the external node(s) is connected and information on the external node(s) by referring to a first storage unit which defines a correspondence relationship between each of the plurality of physical nodes and one of one or more virtual networks and a second storage unit which defines a correspondence relationship between each of the one or more external nodes and a virtual node(s) on one of the one or more virtual networks; and
causing the plurality of the physical nodes to operate as virtual nodes on the virtual network that may be used by the one or more external nodes by setting the packet handling operation in each of the plurality of physical nodes including the physical node corresponding to the virtual node(s).
8. (canceled)
9. The information system according to claim 2, wherein the control apparatus further comprises:
a third storage unit which stores a correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network and the determined virtual node(s); and
when receiving the request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus refers to the third storage unit, and then when a corresponding entry may not be able to be discovered, the control apparatus refers to the first and second storage units to determine the virtual network and the virtual node(s) to which the external node is to be connected, and then stores in the third storage unit the correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network, and the determined virtual node(s).
10. The information system according to claim 2, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
11. The information system according to claim 3, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
12. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
upon receipt of a request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus determines the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the external node(s) is to be connected, based on information on the physical node(s) that has transmitted the request for setting the packet handling operation and information on the external node(s) included in the request for setting the packet handling operation.
13. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the control apparatus further comprises:
a third storage unit which stores a correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network and the determined virtual node(s); and
when receiving the request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus refers to the third storage unit, and then when a corresponding entry may not be able to be discovered, the control apparatus refers to the first and second storage units to determine the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the external node(s) is to be connected, and then stores in the third storage unit the correspondence relationship among the physical node, the determined virtual network(s), and the determined virtual node(s).
14. The control apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the control apparatus further comprises:
a third storage unit which stores a correspondence relationship among the physical node(s), the determined virtual network and the determined virtual node(s); and
when receiving the request for setting the packet handling operation from the physical node(s), the control apparatus refers to the third storage unit, and then when a corresponding entry may not be able to be discovered, the control apparatus refers to the first and second storage units to determine the virtual network(s) and the virtual node(s) to which the external node(s) is to be connected, and then stores in the third storage unit the correspondence relationship among the physical node, the determined virtual network(s), and the determined virtual node(s).
15. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
16. The control apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
17. The control apparatus according to claim 13, wherein
virtual network association is made for each interface of each of the plurality of physical nodes in the first storage unit; and
the control apparatus makes virtual network determination according to the interface(s) of the physical node(s) that has received a packet related to a request for setting the packet handling operation.
18. The control apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
in the second storage unit, information on the virtual node(s) on the virtual network(s) and a virtual interface(s) of the virtual node(s) is associated, for each of the one or more external nodes; and
the control apparatus treats the external node as being connected to the virtual node on the virtual network through the virtual interface.
19. The control apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
in the second storage unit, information on the virtual node(s) on the virtual network(s) and a virtual interface(s) of the virtual node(s) is associated, for each of the one or more external nodes; and
the control apparatus treats the external node as being connected to the virtual node on the virtual network through the virtual interface.
20. The control apparatus according to claim 13, wherein
in the second storage unit, information on the virtual node(s) on the virtual network(s) and a virtual interface(s) of the virtual node(s) is associated, for each of the one or more external nodes; and
the control apparatus treats the external node as being connected to the virtual node on the virtual network through the virtual interface.
21. The control apparatus according to claim 15, wherein
in the second storage unit, information on the virtual node(s) on the virtual network(s) and a virtual interface(s) of the virtual node(s) is associated, for each of the one or more external nodes; and
the control apparatus treats the external node as being connected to the virtual node on the virtual network through the virtual interface.