What is claimed is:
1. A method of covering a food product, by arranging directly around the food product by means of extrusion, collagen that is treated with a sufficient amount of a liquid smoke fraction, having a pH of at least about 5.0, to harden the collagen.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extrusion is separate (a) extrusion of the collagen, including treating with the fraction having a pH of at least about 5.0, to form the hardened collagen and (b) extrusion of the food product into the hardened collagen.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the extrusion is simultaneous coextrusion of the food product and the collagen, including treating with the fraction having a pH of at least about 5.0 during the simultaneous coextrusion.
4. The method of claim 1, further including that the fraction is also carbon treated to deplete phenolic flavor components therefrom.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the liquid smoke fraction is carbon treated to have a phenol content less than about 1.0 mgml.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH ranges from at least about 5.0 up to about 7.0.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the food product is selected from the group consisting of raw meat, partially cooked meat, and cooked meat.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the raw meat is raw sausage, the partially cooked meat is partially cooked sausage, and the cooked meat is cooked sausage.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid smoke fraction is obtained from a liquid smoke derivative having the following properties:
acidity content of about 6.8 to about 7.8% weightvolume,
staining index of none,
specific gravity of about 1.005 to about 1.015,
carbonyl content of about 2.0 to about 7.0 grams100 milliliters,
phenol content of about 1.0 to about 4.0 milligramsmilliliter, and
color of amber, and wherein the liquid smoke derivative is pH adjusted to have a pH of at least about 5.0.
10. A method of covering a food product with thickened collagen comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a liquid smoke fraction having a pH of at least about 5.0;
(b) coextruding a coating of collagen directly around an extruded food product;
(c) contacting the coating of collagen with the liquid smoke fraction; and
(d) obtaining the food product having a coating of collagen that is sufficiently thickened to form a collagen casing that is sufficiently strong to allow for mechanical twisting of the casing.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the liquid smoke fraction is carbon treated to have a phenol content less than about 1.0 mgml.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computer-implemented method for migrating virtual machines, at least a portion of the method being performed by a computing device comprising at least one processor, the method comprising:
identifying a request to migrate a virtual machine from a primary site to a secondary site, wherein:
the primary site comprises a primary storage device used for storage by the virtual machine;
the primary storage device has been configured for asynchronous replication to a secondary storage device at the secondary site prior to identifying the request to migrate the virtual machine from the primary site to the secondary site;
identifying a difference map that:
reflects differences between data on the primary storage device and asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device;
provides information for use in determining whether the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device can be leveraged to fulfill inputoutput attempts from the virtual machine at the secondary site that are intercepted after the virtual machine has been initiated at the secondary site;
initiating, before the primary storage device has been completely replicated to the secondary storage device, the virtual machine at the secondary site;
intercepting at least one inputoutput attempt from the virtual machine at the secondary site to the secondary storage device;
determining, based on the difference map, that a region indicated in the inputoutput attempt has not yet been synchronized from the primary storage device;
retrieving the region from the primary storage device before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein identifying the difference map comprises:
determining that output from the virtual machine at the primary site to the primary storage device is quiesced;
creating the difference map before initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein identifying the difference map comprises:
initializing the difference map to reflect a total difference between the data on the primary storage device and the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device;
updating the difference map indicating similarities between the data on the primary storage device and the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device after initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein:
at least a portion of the primary storage device has been asynchronously replicated to the secondary storage device at the secondary site prior to identifying the request to migrate the virtual machine from the primary site to the secondary site;
the difference map provides information for use in determining whether the portion of the primary storage device that has been asynchronously replicated to the secondary storage device is suitable for fulfilling inputoutput attempts from the virtual machine at the secondary site.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein:
the inputoutput attempt comprises a write attempt;
the computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprises modifying the region with the write attempt before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying at least one additional inputoutput attempt from the virtual machine to the secondary storage device;
determining, based on the difference map, that a region indicated in the additional inputoutput attempt has been synchronized from the primary storage device;
allowing the additional inputoutput attempt to proceed without interruption.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising creating a point-in-time copy of the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device before initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the request to migrate the virtual machine comprises a request to perform a live migration by migrating the virtual machine without interrupting any service provided by the virtual machine.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein identifying the difference map comprises creating the difference map based at least in part on a log generated from the asynchronous replication.
10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein:
the inputoutput attempt comprises a read attempt;
retrieving the region from the primary storage device before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed comprises retrieving the region from the primary storage device to fulfill the read attempt.
11. A system for migrating virtual machines, the system comprising:
an identification module programmed to:
identify a request to migrate a virtual machine from a primary site to a secondary site, wherein:
the primary site comprises a primary storage device used for storage by the virtual machine;
the primary storage device has been configured for asynchronous replication to a secondary storage device at the secondary site prior to identifying the request to migrate the virtual machine from the primary site to the secondary site;
identify a difference map that:
reflects differences between data on the primary storage device and asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device;
provides information for use in determining whether the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device can be leveraged to fulfill inputoutput attempts from the virtual machine at the secondary site that are intercepted after the virtual machine has been initiated at the secondary site;
an initiation module programmed to initiate, before the primary storage device has been completely replicated to the secondary storage device, the virtual machine at the secondary site;
an interception module programmed to intercept at least one inputoutput attempt from the virtual machine at the secondary site to the secondary storage device;
a determination module programmed to determine, based on the difference map, that a region indicated in the inputoutput attempt has not yet been synchronized from the primary storage device;
a retrieval module programmed to retrieve the region from the primary storage device before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed;
at least one processor configured to execute the identification module, the initiation module, the interception module, the determination module, and the retrieval module.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the identification module is programmed to identify the difference map by:
determining that output from the virtual machine at the primary site to the primary storage device is quiesced;
creating the difference map before initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
13. The system of claim 11, wherein the identification module is programmed to identify the difference map by:
initializing the difference map to reflect a total difference between the data on the primary storage device and the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device;
updating the difference map indicating similarities between the data on the primary storage device and the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device after initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
14. The system of claim 11, wherein:
at least a portion of the primary storage device has been asynchronously replicated to the secondary storage device at the secondary site prior to identifying the request to migrate the virtual machine from the primary site to the secondary site;
the difference map provides information for use in determining whether the portion of the primary storage device that has been asynchronously replicated to the secondary storage device is suitable for fulfilling inputoutput attempts from the virtual machine at the secondary site.
15. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the inputoutput attempt comprises a write attempt;
the retrieval module is further programmed to modify the region with the write attempt before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed.
16. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the interception module is further programmed to identify at least one additional inputoutput attempt from the virtual machine to the secondary storage device;
the determination module is further programmed to:
determine, based on the difference map, that a region indicated in the additional inputoutput attempt has been synchronized from the primary storage device;
allow the additional inputoutput attempt to proceed without interruption.
17. The system of claim 11, further comprising a recovery module programmed to create a point-in-time copy of the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device before initiating the virtual machine at the secondary site.
18. The system of claim 11, wherein the request to migrate the virtual machine comprises a request to perform a live migration by migrating the virtual machine without interrupting any service provided by the virtual machine.
19. The system of claim 11, wherein the identification module is programmed to identify the difference map by creating the difference map based at least in part on a log generated from the asynchronous replication.
20. A non-transitory computer-readable-storage medium comprising one or more computer-executable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor of a computing device, cause the computing device to:
identify a request to migrate a virtual machine from a primary site to a secondary site, wherein:
the primary site comprises a primary storage device used for storage by the virtual machine;
the primary storage device has been configured for asynchronous replication to a secondary storage device at the secondary site prior to identifying the request to migrate the virtual machine from the primary site to the secondary site;
identify a difference map that:
reflects differences between data on the primary storage device and asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device;
provides information for use in determining whether the asynchronously replicated data on the secondary storage device can be leveraged to fulfill inputoutput attempts from the virtual machine at the secondary site that are intercepted after the virtual machine has been initiated at the secondary site;
initiate, before the primary storage device has been completely replicated to the secondary storage device, the virtual machine at the secondary site;
intercept at least one inputoutput attempt from the virtual machine at the secondary site to the secondary storage device;
determine, based on the difference map, that a region indicated in the inputoutput attempt has not yet been synchronized from the primary storage device;
retrieve the region from the primary storage device before allowing the inputoutput attempt to proceed.