1. A solid electrolytic capacitor comprising:
an anode body composed of a sintered body,
a dielectric layer formed in a surface of the anode body,
a semiconductor layer formed on the dielectric layer, wherein the semiconductor layer comprises a layer of a conductive polymer containing a sulfur element and
a conductor layer formed on the semiconductor layer, wherein the conductor layer comprises a layer containing silver, wherein the layer containing silver is less than 1.3 ppm by mass in the content of a sulfur element after heat history at 260\xb0 C. for 5 seconds.
2. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive polymer comprises a polymer having a conjugated double bond.
3. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 2, wherein the polymer having a conjugated double bond is a polymer having a polythiophene skeleton.
4. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive polymer is a polymer which has a conjugated double bond and is doped with a dopant.
5. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 4, wherein the dopant is a sulfonic acid compound.
6. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the layer containing silver is formed using a silver paste.
7. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductor layer further comprises a layer containing a conductive carbon.
8. The solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the anode body is a sintered body of a tantalum powder or a niobium powder.
9. A method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor, in which the method comprises the steps of:
forming a dielectric layer in a surface of an anode body composed of a sintered body,
forming a semiconductor layer composed of a conductive polymer containing a sulfur element on the dielectric layer,
forming a conductor layer comprising a layer containing silver on the semiconductor layer,
electrically connecting the anode body to an anode terminal and the conductor layer to a cathode terminal, respectively,
sealing the thus obtained product except a portion of the anode terminal and the cathode terminal, and
adjusting the content of a sulfur element in the layer containing silver of the thus produced solid electrolytic capacitor after heat history at 260\xb0 C. for 5 seconds to less than 1.3 ppm by mass, after the step of forming a layer containing silver and before the step of sealing.
10. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 9, wherein the step of adjusting the content of a sulfur element comprises standing in an environment under reduced pressure at a temperature of 180\xb0 C. or higher.
11. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 9, wherein the step of adjusting the content of a sulfur element comprises standing in an environment under reduced pressure of 6 Pa to 3,000 Pa (absolute pressure) at a temperature of 190\xb0 C. to 220\xb0 C.
12. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 9, wherein the step of adjusting the content of a sulfur element comprises standing in an environment under reduced pressure of 100 Pa to 1,500 Pa (absolute pressure) at a temperature of 190\xb0 C. to 220\xb0 C.
13. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 10, wherein the step of adjusting the content of a sulfur element includes the standing in the environment within 24 hours.
14. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 10, wherein the step of adjusting the content of a sulfur element includes the standing in the environment for 30 minutes to 10 hours.
15. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 9, wherein the step of forming a semiconductor layer comprises polymerizing of a thiophene derivative in the presence of a dopant.
16. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 9, which further comprises, after the step of forming a layer containing silver and before the step of sealing, the step of standing under an inert gas atmosphere at \u2212100\xb0 C. to \u221240\xb0 C.
17. The method for producing a solid electrolytic capacitor according to claim 16, wherein the time of the standing under an inert gas atmosphere at \u2212100\xb0 C. to \u221240\xb0 C. is from 1 hour to 100 hours.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for determining a control parameter for a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of:
during an injection cycle of the fuel injector:
recording at least two fuel pressure values at different times prior to an injection by the fuel injector, each recorded fuel pressure value indicating a fuel pressure currently present at the fuel injector,
calculating an estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection based at least in part on:
the at least two recorded fuel pressure values, and
at least one of (a) the respective time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings and (b) the respective crankshaft angle position of the internal combustion engine at the time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings, and
controlling a control parameter regarding the injection based at least in part on the calculated estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the control parameter concerns at least one of the injection time, the opening lift of the fuel injector, the opening cross-section of the fuel injector, and an electrical variable serving to control the fuel injector.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the respective time of each fuel pressure value recording and the respective crankshaft angle position of the internal combustion engine at the time of each fuel pressure value recording is recorded and stored.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the fuel pressure expected to be present at the time of the injection is calculated by means of an interpolation andor extrapolation of the recorded fuel pressure values.
5. A device for determining a control parameter for a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, comprising:
a measuring unit operable, during an injection cycle of the fuel injector, to record at least two fuel pressure values at different times prior to an injection by the fuel injector, each recorded fuel pressure value indicating a fuel pressure currently present at the fuel injector, and
an evaluation unit configured to:
determine an estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection based at least in part on:
the at least two recorded fuel pressure values, and
at least one of (a) the respective time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings and (b) the respective crankshaft angle position of the internal combustion engine at the time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings, and
control a control parameter regarding the injection based at least in part on the calculated estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection.
6. A device according to claim 5, comprising a recording and storage unit operable to record and store at least one of the time of the fuel pressure value recording and the crankshaft angle position of the internal combustion engine at the time of the fuel pressure value recording.
7. A device according to claim 5, wherein the fuel pressure expected to be present at the time of the injection can be derived with the evaluation unit by means of an interpolation andor extrapolation of the at least two recorded fuel pressure values.
8. A method for controlling a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of:
during an injection cycle of the fuel injector:
sensing at least two fuel pressure values at the fuel injector at different times prior to an injection by the fuel injector,
using at least one of (a) the time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings and (b) the crankshaft angle position of the internal combustion engine at the time of each of the fuel pressure value recordings to determine an estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection, and
determining a value of a control parameter regarding the injection based at least in part on the determined estimated fuel pressure expected to be present at the fuel injector at the time of the injection.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the control parameter concerns at least one of the injection time, the opening lift of the fuel injector, the opening cross-section of the fuel injector, and an electrical variable serving to control the fuel injector.