1. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image bearing member;
an image forming unit configured to form an image on the image bearing member;
a transfer unit configured to transfer the image formed on the image bearing member to a recording material;
a conveyance unit configured to convey the recording material to the transfer unit;
a conveyance control unit configured to control the conveyance unit such that a conveyance speed in which the recording material is conveyed by the conveyance unit in a period in which the transfer unit transfers the image to the recording material becomes higher than a conveyance speed in which the image on the image bearing member is conveyed in the period;
a measurement unit configured to measure a test image; and
a determination unit configured to control the image forming unit to form a test image on the image bearing member, to control the transfer unit to transfer the test image on the image bearing member to the recording material, and to determine a conveyance speed of the recording material conveyed by the conveyance unit based on a result of measurement of the test image on the recording material by the measurement unit.
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the conveyance speed for each sheet type of recording material.
3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the conveyance speed so that a density difference between a density of the test image on the recording material and a predetermined density becomes less than a threshold value.
4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit is configured to control the conveyance unit to convey the recording material at a plurality of conveyance speeds,
wherein the measurement unit is configured to measure test images on a plurality of recording materials corresponding to the plurality of conveyance speeds, and
wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the conveyance speed based on results of measurement of the test images on the plurality of recording materials by the measurement unit.
5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the determination unit is configured to determine conveyance speeds at which each of density differences between each of densities of the test images on the plurality of the recording materials and a predetermined density is smaller than a threshold value.
6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the determination unit is configured to determines a greatest conveyance speed among a plurality of conveyance speeds at which the density difference is less than the threshold value.
7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the determination unit is configured to determines a conveyance speed at which the density difference is least among a plurality of conveyance speeds at which the density difference is less than the threshold value.
8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the determination unit is configured to determine a lowest conveyance speed among the plurality of conveyance speeds if the density difference is not less than the threshold value.
9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the test image is transferred to an area on a leading edge side located a predetermined length or more away from a tailing edge of the recording material in a direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit.
10. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the test image includes a first test image transferred to a first area on a leading edge side located a predetermined length or more away from a tailing edge of the recording material in a direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit, and a second test image transferred to a second area located the predetermined length or less away from the trailing edge of the recording material toward the leading edge side in the direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit.
11. The image forming apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the conveyance speed based on a result of measurement of the first test image by the measurement unit and a result of measurement of the second test image by the measurement unit.
12. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveyance unit is located on the upstream side of the transfer unit in a conveyance path in which the recording material is conveyed by the conveyance unit.
13. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image bearing member;
an image forming unit configured to form an image on the image bearing member;
a transfer unit configured to transfer the image formed on the image bearing member to a recording material;
a conveyance unit configured to convey the recording material to the transfer unit;
a conveyance control unit configured to control the conveyance unit such that a conveyance speed in which the recording material is conveyed by the conveyance unit in a period in which the transfer unit transfers the image to the recording material becomes higher than a conveyance speed in which the image on the image bearing member is conveyed in the period;
a controller configured to form a plurality of test sheets by controlling the image forming unit to form a test image on the image bearing member, and controlling the transfer unit to transfer the test image on the image bearing member to a plurality of recording materials, wherein, in a case where the controller forms the plurality of the test sheets, the conveyance control unit controls the conveyance unit such that a plurality of conveyance speeds in which the plurality of recording materials are conveyed by the conveyance unit are different from each other;
an obtaining unit configured to obtain information indicating a test sheet selected by a user among from the plurality of test sheets; and
a determination unit configured to determine the conveyance speed that corresponds to the information obtained by the obtaining unit.
14. The image forming apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the test image is transferred to an area on a leading edge side located a predetermined length or more away from a tailing edge of the recording material in a direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit.
15. The image forming apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the test image includes a first test image transferred to a first area on a leading edge side located a predetermined length or more away from a tailing edge of the recording material in a direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit, and a second test image transferred to a second area located the predetermined length or less away from the trailing edge of the recording material toward the leading edge side in the direction of conveying the recording material by the conveyance unit.
16. The image forming apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the conveyance unit is located on the upstream side of the transfer unit in a conveyance path in which the recording material is conveyed by the conveyance unit.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor,
wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by exposure-developing a micro pattern on a resist coated over the surface of a substrate, by use of a mask, further depositing a metal film onto the micro pattern by sputtering, and thereafter removing the residual resist.
2. A bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by forming a metal thin film on an organic film.
3. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by depositing a metal thin film onto the organic film by sputtering or vacuum vapor deposition.
4. A bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by forming a metal thin film on a substrate composed of a high polymer material.
5. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the high polymer material is polyetheretherketone.
6. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by exposure-developing a micro pattern on a resist coated over the surface of a substrate, by use of a mask, further depositing a metal film onto the micro pattern by sputtering, and thereafter removing the residual resist.
7. A bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by forming, based on an ink jet method, a conductive thin film on an insulating thin film formed on the surface of a component of said bearing apparatus.
8. A bearing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said outer race.
9. A bearing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said inner race.
10. A bearing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a retainer which holds said rolling members,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said retainer.
11. A bearing apparatus according claim 1, further comprising a seal which seals a space between said inner and outer races,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said seal.
12. A bearing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metal is platinum or silver.
13. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor,
said method comprising steps of:
constructing said thermal sensor by exposure-developing a micro pattern on a resist coated over the surface of a substrate, by use of a mask, further depositing a metal film onto the micro pattern by sputtering, and thereafter removing the residual resist; and
providing said thermal sensor on a component of said rolling bearing.
14. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
said method comprising a step of:
constructing said thermal sensor by forming an organic film on a components of said rolling bearing and forming a metal thin film on the organic film.
15. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said thermal sensor is constructed by depositing a metal thin film on the organic film by sputtering or vacuum vapor deposition.
16. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
said method comprising steps of:
constructing said thermal sensor by forming a metal thin film on a substrate composed of a high polymer material; and
providing said thermal sensor on a component of said rolling bearing.
17. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the high polymer material is polyetheretherketone.
18. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising a step of constructing said thermal sensor by exposure-developing a micro pattern on a resist coated over the surface of a substrate by use of a mask, further depositing a metal film onto the micro pattern by sputtering, and thereafter removing the residual resist.
19. A manufacturing method of a bearing apparatus comprising:
a rolling bearing including an outer race, an inner race, and rolling members disposed between said outer and inner races; and
a thermal sensor which measures an internal temperature of said rolling bearing,
said method comprising steps of:
constructing said thermal sensor by forming an insulating thin film on the surface of a component of said bearing apparatus, and forming, based on an ink jet method, a conductive thin film on the insulating thin film.
20. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said outer race.
21. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said inner race.
22. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a retainer which holds said rolling members,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said retainer.
23. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a seal which seals a space between said inner and outer races,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said seal.
24. A bearing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the metal is platinum or silver.
25. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said outer race.
26. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said inner race.
27. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a retainer which holds said rolling members,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said retainer.
28. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a seal which seals a space between said inner and outer races,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said seal.
29. A bearing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the metal is platinum or silver.
30. A bearing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said outer race.
31. A bearing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said inner race.
32. A bearing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a retainer which holds said rolling members,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said retainer.
33. A bearing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a seal which seals a space between said inner and outer races,
wherein said thermal sensor is disposed on said seal.
34. A bearing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the conductive film is platinum or silver.