What is claimed is:
1. A removable interface adapter for testing electrical devices in a test system having a test head, using a test board having a plurality of first electrical contacts in a first configuration, the test head having a plurality of second electrical contacts in a second configuration, the interface adapter comprising:
a frame that can be secured to and removed from the test head,
a first set of adapter contacts configured for connection to the first electrical contacts, and
a second set of adapter contacts configured for connection to the second electrical connectors,
the first and second adapter connectors being interconnected so that the devices in the test board can be tested by the test system.
2. The interface adapter of claim 1 wherein the first adapter contacts are spring loaded pins.
3. The interface adapter of claim 1 wherein the second adapter connectors are spring loaded pins.
4. The interface adapter of claim 1 wherein the test head has a base, the frame of the interface adapter having cam followers and the base having movable cam surfaces for securing the frame to the base.
5. The interface adapter of claim 1 wherein the interface adapter includes a second base, the test board having cams and the second base having movable cam followers for securing the test board to the second base.
6. The interface adapter of claim 1 in which the first configuration and the second configuration are different.
7. The interface adapter of claim 1 in which the first configuration and the second configuration are the same.
8. Apparatus for testing electronic devices comprising:
a test board that holds the electronic devices, the test board having a plurality of first electrical contacts arranged in a first array,
a test head having a plurality of second electrical contacts arranged in a second array,
testing circuits connected to the test head for testing the electrical devices, and
a removable adapter having a first set of adapter contacts configured for connection to the first array, and a second set of adapter contacts configured for connection to the second array,
the first and second adapter contacts being interconnected so that the devices in the test board can be tested by the testing circuits.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 in which the first array and the second array have different configurations.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 in which the first array and the second array have the same configurations.
11. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the first set of adapter contacts are spring loaded pins.
12. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the second adapter contacts are spring loaded pins.
13. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the test head has a base, and the interface adapter has a frame, the frame having cam followers and the base having movable cam surfaces for securing the frame to the base.
14. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the interface adapter includes a second base, the test board having cam followers and the second base having movable cam surfaces for securing the test board to the second base.
15. A method for testing a plurality of types of electronic devices comprising the steps of:
obtaining one or more first test heads from a first source;
obtaining a device under test (DUT) board for each of the types of devices to be tested on the first test heads;
obtaining a second test head from a second source, the DUT boards obtained for the first test heads being incompatible with the second test head;
obtaining a removable interface adapter that can be secured to the second test head, the DUT boards for the first test heads being compatible with the removable interface adapter; and
testing devices using the second test head, the removable interface adapter, and the DUT boards obtained for use with the first test heads.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A mono-component developing apparatus comprising:
a developing roller which transports toner supported on an outer circumferential face of a center portion toward a developing area by rotating in a rotation direction while frictionally sliding on a sealing member on each of two end portions, the developing roller comprising:
surface processing areas having a spiral shape, placed on each of outer circumferential faces of the two end portions, each of the surface processing areas including a first end and a second end, the first end closest to the center portion of the developing roller and the second end closest to an axial end face of the developing roller, and the second end is farther forward in the rotation direction than the first end,
wherein an acute angle is made by a spiral direction of each surface processing area and the rotation direction.
2. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein on the outer circumferential face of each of the two end portions, the surface processing areas having a spiral shape are provided with a surface roughness greater than that of areas on the outer circumferential face other than the surface processing areas or are provided with a surface height that is higher than that of the areas other than the surface processing areas.
3. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the surface roughness of the surface processing areas is 3 to 15 \u03bcm higher than that of areas other than the surface processing areas.
4. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the surface height of the surface processing areas is 5 to 30 \u03bcm higher than that of areas other than the surface processing areas.
5. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, with respect to the axis direction of the developing roller, supposing that the distance from the end portion of the toner supporting area in the center portion to the end face of the developing roller is q, that the length of each surface processing area having a spiral shape is r, and that the frictional sliding area of the end portion of the developing roller on the sealing member is s, the following relational expression is satisfied:
q>s>r.
6. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the angle is set in the range from 5\xb0 or more to 80\xb0 or less.
7. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the angle is set in the range from 7\xb0 or more to 70\xb0 or less.
8. A mono-component developing apparatus comprising:
a developing roller which transports toner supported on an outer circumferential face of a center portion toward a developing area by rotating while frictionally sliding on a sealing member on each of two end portions, the developing roller comprising:
surface processing areas having a spiral shape, placed on each of outer circumferential faces of the two end portions,
wherein an acute angle is made by a spiral direction of each surface processing area and the rotation direction, and
wherein the surface processing areas are blast-treated areas or resin-coated areas.
9. The mono-component developing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the resin is a fluorine-containing polyurethane resin.
10. A mono-component developing apparatus comprising:
a developing roller which transports toner supported on an outer circumferential face of a center portion toward a developing area by rotating while frictionally sliding on a sealing member on each of two end portions, the developing roller comprising:
surface processing areas having a spiral shape, placed on each of outer circumferential faces of the two end portions,
wherein an acute angle is made by a spiral direction of each surface processing area and the rotation direction, and
wherein the surface processing area has a surface roughness of 6 to 15 \u03bcm.