1. An antibody or fragment thereof that specifically binds to a protein with an amino acid sequence that is 90% homologous to (SEQ ID NOS: 3, 5, 7, 11, or 12) or a variant thereof.
2. An antibody or fragment thereof of claim 1, which is monoclonal.
3. A non-human transgenic animal that produces an antibody of claim 1.
4. A hybridoma that produces an antibody of claim 2.
5. A method of inhibiting growth of cancer cells that express a protein with an amino acid sequence that is 90% homologous to SEQ ID NOS: 3, 5, 7, 11, or 12 or a variant thereof, the method comprising:
administering to the cells an antibody or fragment thereof which specifically bind to the protein.
6. The method of claim 5, comprising:
administering a vector that delivers a nucleotide that encodes a single chain monoclonal antibody, whereby the encoded single chain antibody is expressed intracellularly within cancer cells that express the protein.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the antibody is a polyclonal antibody.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the fragment is an Fab, F(ab\u2032)2, Fv or Sfv fragment.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the antibody is a fully human antibody.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the antigen binding site is a murine antigen binding domain.
11. The method of claim 5, which is recombinantly produced.
12. The method of claim 5, wherein the method is labeled with an agent.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of radioactive isotopes, chemotherapeutic agents and toxins.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the radioactive isotope is selected from the group consisting of 211At, 131I, 125I, 90Y, 186Re, 188Re, 153Sm, 212Bi, 32P and radioactive isotopes of Lu.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the chemotherapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of taxol, actinomycin, mitomycin, etoposide, tenoposide, vincristine, vinblastine, colchicine, gelonin, and calicheamicin.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the toxin is selected from the group consisting of diphtheria toxin, enomycin, phenomycin, Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) A, PE40, abrin, abrin A chain, mitogellin, modeccin A chain, and alpha-sarcin.
17. A method of generating a mammalian immune response directed to a protein comprising:
exposing cells of the mammal’s immune system to a portion of the protein, wherein the protein comprises an amino acid sequence that is 95% homologous to SEQ ID NOS: 3, 5, 7, 11, or 12,
whereby the immune response is generated to said protein.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the protein comprises at least one
T cell or at least one B cell epitope.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the immune response comprises an individual B cell that generates antibodies that specifically bind to the protein.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the immune response comprises activation of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL), whereby the activated CTL kills an autologous cell that expresses the protein.
21. The method of claim 18, wherein the immune response comprises activation of a helper T cell (HTL), whereby the activated HTL secretes cytokines that facilitate the cytotoxic activity of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) or the antibody-producing activity of a B cell.
22. A method for detecting the presence of a protein comprises an amino acid sequence that is 90% homologous to SEQ ID NOS: 3, 5, 7, 11, or 12 or a variant thereof in a sample comprising:
contacting the sample with an antibody or fragment that specifically binds to the protein; and,
determining that there is a complex of the antibody or fragment thereof and the protein.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the sample is from a patient who has or who is suspected of having cancer.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of cancer of lung, ovary, prostate, pancreas, and breast.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for reducing overhead when transmitting an Internet Protocol (IP) packet, comprising the steps of:
selecting a watermarking signature based on the IP address of the packet;
applying the watermarking signature to the packet and removing the IP address from the packet;
sending the packet to a receiver; and
looking up the IP address of the packet at the receiver by using the watermarking signature.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the watermarking signature is a radio frequency watermarking signature.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the watermarking signature is a digital watermarking signature.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting step includes using a IP address to watermarking signature translator.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the looking up step includes using a watermarking signature to IP address translator.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the IP address to watermarking signature translator and the watermarking signature to IP address translator use a pre-agreed upon mapping of watermarking signatures and IP addresses.
7. A system for reducing overhead when transmitting an Internet Protocol (IP) packet, comprising:
a transmitter;
a receiver;
said transmitter including:
an IP address to watermarking signature mapping book; and
an IP address to watermarking signature translator, said IP to watermarking signature translator examining the IP address of a packet, looking up the IP address in said IP to watermarking signature mapping book, removing the IP address from the packet, and applying the watermarking signature corresponding to the IP address to the packet prior to transmitting the packet to said receiver;
said receiver including:
a watermarking signature to IP address mapping book; and
a watermarking signature to IP address translator, said watermarking signature to IP translator examining the watermarking signature of a received packet, looking up the watermarking signature in said watermarking signature to IP mapping book to retrieve the IP address of the received packet, and adding the IP address to the received packet prior to forwarding the received packet.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the watermarking signature is a radio frequency watermarking signature.
9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the watermarking signature is a digital watermarking signature.
10. A method for using radio frequency (RF) watermarking to reduce medium access control (MAC) layer signaling in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of:
assigning a unique RF watermarking signature to each user;
sending the RF watermarking signature to a receiver during connection signaling;
applying the RF watermarking signature to subsequent transmissions to the receiver; and
examining the RF watermarking signature at the receiver, whereby the watermarking signature is used to identify the user.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the assigning step includes assigning a watermarking signature having two parts, the first part being a user identifier and the second part being a mapping index for a communication characteristic.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the communication characteristic is selected from the group consisting of: logical channel identifier, priority class, and queue identifier.
13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the examining step includes using the watermarking signature to identify the communication characteristic.
14. A system for using radio frequency (RF) watermarking to reduce medium access control (MAC) layer signaling in a wireless communication system, comprising:
a transmitter;
a receiver;
a network;
said network including a RF watermarking signature assignment device, said assignment device assigning a unique RF watermarking signature to said transmitter, said RF watermarking signature including a user identifier;
said transmitter including:
a storage, said storage storing said assigned RF watermarking signature;
a connection signaling device, said signaling device sending said assigned RF watermarking signature to said receiver; and
a RF watermarking signature application device, said application device applying said assigned RF watermarking signature to data to be transmitted; and
said receiver including:
a RF watermarking signature extractor, said extractor removing said assigned RF watermarking signature from a received packet and decoding said assigned RF watermarking signature to determine the user identifier, whereby the user identifier in the MAC header can be replaced by said assigned watermarking signature.
15. The system according to claim 14, wherein said network further includes:
a user identifier assignment device for assigning a user identifier; and
a logical channel assignment device for assigning a logical channel to the user;
wherein said watermarking signature assignment device receives the user identifier and the logical channel assignment and uses the user identifier and the logical channel assignment to create said assigned RF watermarking signature.
16. The system according to claim 15, wherein said RF watermarking signature extractor further decodes said assigned RF watermarking signature to determine the assigned logical channel.