1. A foamable alcohol composition comprising:
(a) 30-95% by active weight C1-C4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof;
(b) 0.001-10% by active weight polymeric fluorosurfactant, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the molecules of any one of structures I-V:
m>about 1 to about 100;
n is about 1 to about 50;
k is about 1 to about 50; including n=k;
t is about 1 to about 100;
Rf and Rg are independently selected from the group consisting of \u2014CF3, \u2014CF2CF3, \u2014(CF2)pCF3, \u2014R\u2032CF3, \u2014R\u2032(CF3)p, \u2014R\u2033(CF3)q, perfluorinated alkyl radical, perfluorinated aryl radical, partially fluorinated alkyl radical, partially fluorinated aryl radical, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof,
R\u2032 is a C1 to C20 linear or branched, alkyl or alkylene moiety, optionally substituted with andor terminated with at least one \u2014CF3 group;
R\u2033 is a radical comprising a phenyl, aryl group and combinations thereof with q degrees of \u2014CF3 substitution;
p is about 1 to about 6;
q is about 1 to about 5;
R is hydrogen, or an alkyl comprising from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms;
R1 is an alkyl having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms;
R2 is an alkyl having from about 1 to about 40 carbon atoms;
wherein R, R1 and R2 may be alkyl, alkylene moieties derivatized with radicals comprising carboxylic, ester, amine, amide, aminoamide, siloxane, silyl, alkylsiloxane, perfluoroalkyl and combinations thereof,
X+ is a cationic counterion; and
Y\u2212 is an anionic moiety selected from the group consisting of carbonate, borate, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, nitrate and combinations thereof;
(c) 1-70% water; and
wherein the composition is capable of being foamed.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of any one of structures I-V and p is about 1 to about 4.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of any one of structures I-V and p is about 1 to about 2.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric fluorosurfactant is selected from molecules corresponding to any one of structures I-IV further comprising,
derivatives of the structures I-IV, wherein derivation at R1 or R2 is independently performed by covalent attachment of:
(a) polar anionic groups, selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, alkyl esters, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, nitrate;
(b) cationic groups selected from the group consisting of ammonium, quaternary ammonium, quaternary alkyl ammonium;
(c) polar nonionic groups, selected from the group consisting of poly(alkylene oxide), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), polyether copolymers, carbonyl, nitrile, thiol, cyano groups, and combinations thereof.
5. The composition according to claim 4, wherein derivation at R1 or R2 is independently performed by covalent attachment of anionic groups, selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, alkyl esters, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, nitrate, and combinations thereof.
6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the anionic group is sulfate.
7. The composition according to claim 4, wherein derivation at R1 or R2 is independently performed by covalent attachment of cationic groups selected from the group consisting of ammonium, quaternary ammonium, quaternary alkyl ammonium, and combinations thereof.
8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein the cationic group is quaternary alkyl ammonium.
9. The composition according to claim 4, wherein derivation at R1 or R2 is independently performed by covalent attachment of polar nonionic groups, selected from the group consisting of poly(alkylene oxide), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), polyether copolymers, carbonyl, nitrile, thiol, cyano groups and combinations thereof.
10. The composition according to claim 9, wherein the nonionic group is poly(ethylene oxide).
11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric fluorosurfactant is selected from molecules corresponding to structure V, wherein
t is from about 1 to about 100;
n is about 1 to about 50;
Rf is selected from the group consisting of \u2014CF3, \u2014CF2CF3, \u2014(CF2)pCF3, \u2014R\u2032CF3, \u2014R\u2032(CF3)p, \u2014R\u2033(CF3)q;
R\u2032 is a C1 to C20 linear or branched, alkyl or alkylene moiety, optionally substituted and terminated with at least one \u2014CF3 group;
R\u2033 is a radical comprising a benzyl, phenyl and aryl group with q degrees of \u2014CF3 substitution;
p is about 1 to about 6;
q is about 1 to about 5;
R2 is an alkyl having from about 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, further including alkyl, alkylene moieties derivatized with radicals selected from carboxylic, ester, amine, amide, aminoamide, siloxane, silyl, alkylsiloxane, perfluoroalkyl and combinations thereof,
X+ is any suitable cationic counterion as described herein; and
Y\u2212 is an anionic moiety selected from the group consisting of carbonate, borate, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, nitrate and combinations thereof.
12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric fluorosurfactant is selected from molecules corresponding to structure V, wherein
n is 1;
Rf is \u2014CF2CF3;
R2 is \u2014CH3;
Y\u2212 is SO3\u2212; and
X+ is Na+ or NH4+.
13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, 2-propanol, and mixtures thereof.
14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is ethanol.
15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the fluorosurfactant is about 0.01% to about 2% by active weight.
16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is about 40% to about 85% by active weight.
17. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is about 60% to about 70% by active weight.
18. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is mixed with air to form the foam and the foam is dispensed in a fixed dose amount.
19. (canceled)
20. (canceled)
21. A skin sanitizing composition comprising:
(a) 30-95% by weight C1-C4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof,
(b) 0.001-10% by weight polymeric fluorosurfactant, wherein the fluorosurfactant has a pendant side chain of C1-C7;
(c) water to balance the composition; and
wherein the composition is capable of being foamed and sanitizing the skin, optionally including an antimicrobial agent other than alcohol.
22. The skin sanitizing composition according to claim 21, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from molecules corresponding to any one of structures I-V:
m>about 1 to about 100;
n is about 1 to about 50;
k is about 1 to about 50; including n=k;
t is about 1 to about 100;
Rf and Rg are independently selected from the group consisting of \u2014CF3, \u2014CF2CF3, \u2014(CF2)pCF3, \u2014R\u2032CF3, \u2014R\u2032(CF3)p, \u2014R\u2033(CF3)q, perfluorinated alkyl radical, perfluorinated aryl radical, partially fluorinated alkyl radical, partially fluorinated aryl radical, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof,
R1 is a C1 to C20 linear or branched, alkyl or alkylene moiety, optionally substituted with and optionally terminated with at least one \u2014CF3 group;
R\u2033 is a radical comprising a phenyl, aryl group and combinations thereof with q degrees of \u2014CF3 substitution;
p is about 1 to about 6;
q is about 1 to about 5;
R is hydrogen, or an alkyl comprising from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms;
R1 is an alkyl having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms;
R2 is an alkyl having from about 1 to about 40 carbon atoms;
wherein R, R1 and R2 may be alkyl, alkylene moieties derivatized with radicals comprising carboxylic, ester, amine, amide, aminoamide, siloxane, silyl, alkylsiloxane, perfluoroalkyl and combinations thereof,
X+ is a cationic counterion; and
Y\u2212 is an anionic moiety selected from the group consisting of carbonate, borate, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, nitrate and combinations thereof.
23. The composition according to claim 21, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of any one of structures I-V and p is about 1 to about 4.
24. The composition according to claim 21, wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of any one of structures I-V and p is about 1 to about 2.
25. The skin sanitizing composition according to claim 21, wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of chitosan, silver citrate, quaternary ammonium halides, triclosan, phenols and derivatives, hydrogen peroxide, lactic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid and mixtures thereof.
26. The skin sanitizing composition according to claim 21, wherein the fluorosurfactant is not known to bioaccumulate.
27. A delivery system for treating a surface, wherein the system comprises:
(a) a composition of claim 1; and
(b) a dispensing device capable of delivering the composition to the surface in the form of a foamed composition, said dispensing device selected from the group consisting of an aerosol or non-aerosol, trigger sprayer or pump sprayer, and combinations thereof.
28. (canceled)
29. (canceled)
30. (canceled)
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A component comprising:
a cast portion; and
an insert configured to provide damping to the component;
wherein the position of the insert relative to the cast portion is defined by a sacrificial suspension device at least partially dissolved into the cast portion;
wherein the insert includes a body presenting an exterior surface and a coating disposed on the exterior surface such that the coating is disposed between the cast portion and the body of the insert; and
wherein the insert is fully encapsulated by the cast portion.
2. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the suspension device is a first suspension device and a second suspension device, spaced from the first suspension device.
3. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the insert is hermetically sealed within the cast portion, including the dissolved suspension device.
4. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the coating completely covers the body.
5. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the coating is about 5 \u03bcm to about 500 \u03bcm thick.
6. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the coating comprises at least one of a plurality of particles, flakes, and fibers.
7. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the coating comprises at least one of silica, alumina, graphite with clay, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cordierite (magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate), mullite (aluminum silicate), zirconia (zirconium oxide), phyllosilicates, other high-temperature-resistant particles, clay, Al2O3, SiO2, a lignosulfonate binder, a calcium lignosulfonate binder, cristobalite (SiO2), a fiber, a ceramic fiber, a mineral fiber, quartz, an epoxy resin, a phosphoric acid binding agent, calcium aluminates, sodium silicates, wood flour, non-refractory polymeric materials, ceramics, composites, wood, and a liquid dispersed mixture of alumina-silicate-based, organically bonded refractory mix.
8. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the coating has a melting temperature which is greater that a melting temperature of the material.
9. A component, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the body comprises at least one of titanium, steel, stainless steel, cast iron, aluminum, magnesium, and zinc.
10. A damper assembly configured for insertion into a mold for casting molten material about the damper assembly to form a cast component, the damper assembly comprising:
an insert configured to provide damping to the component; and
a sacrificial suspension device operatively attached to the insert;
wherein the sacrificial suspension device is configured to allow the insert to be positioned in spaced relationship to the mold such that molten material can flow about the entire insert to fully encapsulate the insert; and
wherein the sacrificial suspension device exhibits a melting temperature which is less than a melting temperature of the insert, such that the sacrificial suspension device is configured to be dissolved during casting of the component.
11. A damper assembly, as set forth in claim 10, wherein the sacrificial suspension device is a spring clip including a metal.
12. A damper assembly, as set forth in claim 11, wherein the insert includes a body presenting an exterior surface and a coating disposed on the exterior surface such that the coating is disposed between the material and the body of the insert;
wherein the body includes a first face and a second face, opposite the first face;
wherein the suspension device extends between a first finger and a second finger, extending toward the first finger;
wherein the spring clip is in clamping engagement with the insert such that the first finger engages the first face and the second finger engages the second face to retain the insert therebetween.