1. A computer-implemented method for managing data security, comprising:
identifying a computerized process;
generating a physical page key (PPK) for the computerized process;
storing the PPK in at least one table, the at least one table comprising a physical protection table, the PPK being associated in the physical protection table with a WPPK and a virtual page key chain (VPK Ch) reference;
assigning to the PPK a set of allocated memory pages, each protected memory page in the set of memory pages having an associated data protection (DP) mask that masks the protected memory page in computer memory;
generating a virtual page key (VPK) based on the PPK, the VPK identifying the process and a set of data authorized to be used by the process;
receiving a request to access the set of data via the process;
determining, in response to the request, a validity of the VPK based on the PPK; and
making a data access determination based on the validity.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the at least one table comprising a physical page table.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, the PPK being associated in the physical page table with physical page number (PPN) a data protection (DP) bit array, a write protection page key (WPPK), and a write protection (WP) bit array.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, a set of entries of the physical protection table being associated with a set of entries of a physical page table.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, the VPK Ch reference being associated with an entry of a VPK Ch table.
6. A system for managing data security, comprising:
a bus;
a processor coupled to the bus; and
a memory medium coupled to the bus, the memory medium comprising instructions to:
identify a computerized process;
generate a physical page key (PPK) for the computerized process;
store the PPK in at least one table, the at least one table comprising a physical protection table, the PPK being associated in the physical protection table with a WPPK and a virtual page key chain (VPK Ch) reference;
assign to the PPK a set of allocated memory pages, each protected memory page in the set of memory pages having an associated data protection (DP) mask that masks the protected memory page in computer memory;
generate a virtual page key (VPK) based on the PPK, the virtual key identifying the process and a set of data authorized to be used by the process;
receive a request to access the set of data via the process;
determine a validity of the VPK based on the PPK; and
make a data access determination based on the validity.
7. The system of claim 6, the at least one table comprising a physical page table.
8. The system of claim 6, the PPK being associated in the physical page table with physical page number (PPN) a data protection (DP) bit array, a write protection page key (WPPK), and a write protection (WP) bit array.
9. The system of claim 6, a set of entries of the physical protection table being associated with a set of entries of a physical page table.
10. The system of claim 6, the VPK Ch reference being associated with an entry of a VPK Ch table.
11. A computer program product for managing data security, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage media that is not a signal, and program instructions stored on the computer readable storage media, to:
identify a computerized process;
generate a physical page key (PPK) for the computerized process;
store the PPK in at least one table, the at least one table comprising a physical protection table, the PPK being associated in the physical protection table with a WPPK and a virtual page key chain (VPK Ch) reference;
assign to the PPK a set of allocated memory pages, each protected memory page in the set of memory pages having an associated data protection (DP) mask that masks the protected memory page in computer memory;
generate a virtual page key (VPK) based on the PPK, the VPK identifying the process and a set of data authorized to be used by the process;
receive a request to access the set of data via the process;
determine a validity of the VPK based on the PPK; and
make a data access determination based on the validity.
12. The computer program product of claim 11, the at least one table comprising a physical page table.
13. The computer program product of claim 11, the PPK being associated in the physical page table with physical page number (PPN) a data protection (DP) bit array, a write protection page key (WPPK), and a write protection (WP) bit array.
14. The computer program product of claim 11, a set of entries of the physical protection table being associated with a set of entries of a physical page table.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A hydrogen-absorbing storage material comprising:
hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles;
a group VIII transition metal, wherein the group VIII transition metal is mechanically alloyed with the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles at a ratio of 0.25%-10 wt % transition metal to alloy particles to produce mechanically alloyed storage material particles, the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles having a diameter between approximately 1 \u03bcm and 10 \u03bcm and transition metal particles disposed at least on the surface of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles and having a diameter of between approximately 0.1 \u03bcm and 1.0 \u03bcm; and
a binding agent which at least partially covers the mechanically alloyed storage material particles so as to effect firm binding between said mechanically alloyed storage material particles while allowing free passage of hydrogen in and out of the mechanically alloyed storage material particles, said binding agent being present in an amount less than 1 weight percent of said mechanically alloyed storage material particles.
2. The storage material of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles comprise ABx alloys, A being at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Ca, Y, Zr, and Mischmetal, B being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, B, Sn, Si, Ti, and x having a value between 4.5 and 5.5.
3. The storage material of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles comprise ABA2B alloys, A being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti and Mg, and B being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, V, Cr, Zr, Mn, Co, Cu, and Fe.
4. The storage material of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles comprise AB2 alloys, A being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Th, Ce and rare earth metals, and B being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, Mn, V, Fe, Mn and Co.
5. The storage material of claim 1, wherein the transition metal particles comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, and Re.
6. The material of claim 1, wherein said binding agent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylidenefluoride, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, organic conductive polymer, PTFE, PVA, acrylic copolymers and sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene copolymers.
7. The material of claim 1, and further comprising a solvent added to the binding agent, said solvent selected from the group consisting of water, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethanol, methanol, heptane, toluene, carbitol acetate, and terpineol.
8. The material of claim 7, wherein said solvent is removed by drying.
9. The material of claim 7, wherein said mechanically alloyed storage material particles with the solvent has a low viscosity suitable for screen printing and ink-jet printing applications.
10. The material of claim 1, wherein the material retains its hydrogen sorptiondesorption effectiveness after exposure to ambient air and water.
11. The material of claim 1, wherein the material retains its hydrogen sorptiondesorption effectiveness after exposure to aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide.
12. A process for producing a hydrogen-absorbing storage material, comprising:
preparing a hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles with a diameter of approximately between 1 \u03bcm and 10 \u03bcm;
adding group VIII transition metal particles having a diameter of approximately between 0.1 \u03bcm and 1.0 \u03bcm;
mechanically alloying the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles and the group VIII transition metal particles to form mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles; and
adding to the mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles a binding agent which at least partially covers the mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles so as to effect firm binding between said mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles while allowing free passage of hydrogen in and out of the mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles, said binding agent being present in an amount less than 1 weight percent of said mechanically alloyed storage material particles.
13. The process of claim 12, wherein the binding agent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylidenefluoride, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, organic conductive polymer, PTFE, PVA, acrylic copolymers and sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene copolymers.
14. The process of claim 12, and further comprising adding to the mechanically alloyed hydrogen-absorbing storage material particles a solvent, making a solution with a sufficiently low viscosity to be suitable for deposition by at least one of thick film printing and ink jet printing.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethanol, methanol, heptane, toluene, carbitol acetate, and terpineol.
16. The process of claim 12, wherein the transition metal particles comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Ni, Ru, and Re.
17. A microfabricated fuel cell comprising:
a substrate;
a hydrogen-absorbing storage material disposed in or on said substrate, said hydrogen-absorbing storage material containing hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles and a group VIII transition metal, wherein the group VIII transition metal is mechanically alloyed with the hydrogen-absorbing alloy particles at a ratio of 0.25%-10 wt % transition metal to alloy particles;
an anode current collector disposed on the hydrogen-absorbing storage material;
an anode catalyst disposed on the anode current collector;
a polymer electrolyte disposed on the anode catalyst;
a cathode catalyst disposed on the polymer electrolyte; and
a cathode current collector disposed on the cathode catalyst.
18. The fuel cell of claim 17, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing storage material, the anode current collector, the anode catalyst, the polymer electrolyte, the cathode catalyst, and the cathode current collector are applied by one of screen printing or ink jet printing.
19. A microfabricated electronic device comprising an electric power source implemented as the fuel cell of claim 17 and an electronic circuit powered by the fuel cell.