1. An exercise device, comprising:
a box-like frame, comprising:
a first and second rectangular frame arranged vertically, the first and second vertical rectangular frames, each comprising:
a lower horizontal bar and an upper horizontal bar, each upper and lower horizontal bars having a first end and a second; and
two vertical bars, a first vertical bar connecting the first ends of the upper and lower horizontal bars, and a second vertical bar connecting the second ends of the upper and lower horizontal bars;
and at least four cross bars, wherein a first cross bar connects the first end of the upper horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding first end of the upper horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, a second cross bar, opposite the first cross bar, connects the second end of the upper horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding second end of the upper horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, a third cross bar connects the first end of the lower horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding first end of the lower horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, and a fourth cross bar, opposite the third cross bar, connects the second end of the lower horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding second end of the lower horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame;
a track being mechanically coupled to the box-like frame;
a plurality of platforms for accommodating an exerciser’s feet, each platform of the plurality of platforms comprising at least one moving member for facilitating both a divergent movement and a convergent movement, the at least one moving member moving on the track;
a pulley system, wherein the pulley system is mechanically coupled to the cross-bars of the frame, the pulley system comprising a plurality of cables, wherein each cable directly connects one of the plurality of platforms to a handle;
a first intermediate cross bar in between the first and third cross bars connecting the first rectangular frame to the second rectangular frame; and
a second intermediate cross bar in between the second and fourth cross bars, wherein
the pulley system is mechanically coupled to at least two cross bars selected from the group consisting of the first cross bar, the second cross bar, the third cross bar, the fourth cross bar, the first intermediate cross bar, and the second intermediate cross bar.
2. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the divergent and the convergent movements together comprise at least one movement selected from a group consisting essentially of a horizontal split and a lunge split.
3. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the track comprises means for stopping at least one platform of the plurality of platforms.
4. A device, as recited in claim 3, wherein the stopping means comprises at least one hole for accommodating a pin for limiting a range of motion in a selected direction.
5. A device, as recited in claim 4, wherein the at least one hole comprises a plurality of intermittent holes for facilitating selection of a direction by the exerciser, whereby an exercise is facilitated.
6. A device, as recited in claim 5, wherein the at least one exercise comprises at least one technique selected from a group consisting essentially of a cardiovascular technique and an isometric technique.
7. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one moving member comprises at least one wheel disposed at a location selected from a group consisting essentially of on a lower surface of each platform of the plurality of platforms and on a side of each platform of the plurality of platforms.
8. A device, as recited in claim 7,
wherein the at least one wheel disposed on a lower surface of each platform includes at least one inboard wheel and at least one outboard wheel,
wherein the at least one inboard wheel is oriented parallel to a length of the platform, and
wherein the at least one outboard wheel is oriented perpendicular to a length of the platform.
9. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one moving member comprises at least one monocoque structure disposed at a location selected from a group consisting essentially of on a lower surface of each platform of the plurality of platforms and on a side of each platform of the plurality of platforms.
10. A device, as recited in claim 9,
wherein the at least one monocoque structure is rotatably mounted to each platform, and
wherein the at least one monocoque structure comprises a configuration selected from a group consisting essentially of a full monocoque structure and a semi-monocoque structure.
11. A device, as recited in claim 9, wherein the at least one monocoque structure comprises a sleeve configuration.
12. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the pulley system comprises a cable linkage being fastened to the plurality of platforms.
13. A device, as recited in claim 1,
wherein the plurality of platforms comprises a plurality of universal pedals,
wherein the plurality of platforms are rotatable for facilitating switching from a horizontal split exercise to a lunge split exercise, and
wherein the plurality of platforms is articulable for accommodating the relative orientations of an exerciser’s feet.
14. A device, as recited in claim 1, wherein the track comprises a tubular structure.
15. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein the pulley system comprises:
a first inner, upper fixed pulley connected to the first cross bar;
a second inner, upper fixed pulley connected to the second cross bar;
a first lower fixed pulley connected to the third cross bar; and
a second lower fixed pulley connected to the fourth cross bar.
16. A device as recited in claim 15, wherein the pulley system further comprises:
a first adjustable, double pulley connected to the first intermediate cross bar; and
a second adjustable, double pulley connected to the second intermediate cross bar, wherein the first intermediate cross bar and the second intermediate cross bar are attached to a first and second adjustable pulley bar cover.
17. A device as recited in claim 15, wherein the pulley system further comprises:
a first pair of outer, upper fixed pulleys attached to the first cross bar below and bilaterally positioned relative to the first inner, upper fixed pulley; and
a second pair of outer, upper fixed pulleys attached to the second cross bar below and bilaterally positioned relative to the second inner, upper fixed pulley.
18. A method of fabricating an exercise device, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a box-like frame, wherein the frame comprises a first and second rectangular frame arranged vertically, the first and second vertical rectangular frames, each comprising:
a lower horizontal bar and an upper horizontal bar, each upper and lower horizontal bars having a first end and a second;
two vertical bars, a first vertical bar connecting the first ends of the upper and lower horizontal bars, and a second vertical bar connecting the second ends of the upper and lower horizontal bars; and
at least four cross bars, wherein a first cross bar connects the first end of the upper horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding first end of the upper horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, a second cross bar, opposite the first cross bar, connects the second end of the upper horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding second end of the upper horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, a third cross bar connects the first end of the lower horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding first end of the lower horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame, and a fourth cross bar, opposite the third cross bar, connects the second end of the lower horizontal bar of the first rectangular frame to the corresponding second end of the lower horizontal bar of the second rectangular frame;
providing a track and mechanically coupling the track to the box-like frame;
providing a plurality of platforms for accommodating an exerciser’s feet, the plurality of platforms providing step comprising providing each platform of the plurality of platforms with at least one moving member for facilitating both a divergent movement and a convergent movement;
operatively coupling the at least one moving member to the track;
providing a pulley system, wherein the pulley system is mechanically coupled to the cross bars of the box-like frame, the pulley system comprising a plurality of cables, wherein each cable directly connects one of the plurality of platforms to a handle;
providing a first intermediate cross bar in between the first and third cross bars connecting the first rectangular frame to the second rectangular frame; and
providing a second intermediate cross bar in between the second and fourth cross bars, wherein the pulley system is mechanically coupled to at least two cross bars selected from the group consisting of the first cross bar, the second cross bar, the third cross bar, the fourth cross bar, the first intermediate cross bar, and the second intermediate cross bar.
19. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises facilitating the divergent and the convergent movements together comprising at least one movement selected from a group consisting essentially of a horizontal split and a lunge split.
20. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the track providing step comprises providing means for stopping at least one platform of the plurality of platforms.
21. A method, as recited in claim 20, wherein the stopping means providing step comprises providing at least one hole for accommodating a pin for limiting a range of motion in a selected direction.
22. A method, as recited in claim 21, wherein the at least one hole providing step comprises providing a plurality of intermittent holes for facilitating selection of a direction by the exerciser, thereby facilitating an exercise.
23. A method, as recited in claim 22, wherein the plurality of intermittent holes providing step comprises facilitating the at least one exercise comprising at least one technique selected from a group consisting essentially of a cardiovascular technique and an isometric technique.
24. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the at least one moving member with at least one wheel disposed at a location selected from a group consisting essentially of on a lower surface of each platform of the plurality of platforms and on a side of each platform of the plurality of platforms.
25. A method, as recited in claim 24,
wherein the at least one wheel providing step comprises disposing the at least one wheel on a lower surface of each platform, the at least one wheel providing step including providing at least one inboard wheel and providing at least one outboard wheel,
wherein the at least one inboard wheel providing step comprises orienting the at least one inboard wheel parallel to a length of the platform, and
wherein the at least one outboard wheel is providing step comprises orienting the at least one outboard wheel perpendicular to a length of the platform.
26. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the at least one moving member with at least one monocoque structure disposed at a location selected from a group consisting essentially of on a lower surface of each platform of the plurality of platforms and on a side of each platform of the plurality of platforms.
27. A method, as recited in claim 18,
wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the at least one monocoque structure being rotatably mounted to each platform, and
wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the at least one monocoque structure with a configuration selected from a group consisting essentially of a full monocoque structure and a semi-monocoque structure.
28. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the at least one monocoque structure with a sleeve configuration.
29. A method, as recited in claim 18,
wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing a plurality of universal pedals,
wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the plurality of platforms being rotatable for facilitating switching from a horizontal split exercise to a lunge split exercise, and
wherein the plurality of platforms providing step comprises providing the plurality of platforms being articulable for accommodating the relative orientations of an exerciser’s feet.
30. A method, as recited in claim 18, wherein the track providing step comprises providing a tubular structure.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system, comprising:
an internal combustion engine having an air intake, fuel inlet and exhaust outlet;
a NOx sensor operably coupled to the exhaust outlet and structured to provide an exhaust O2 value; and
a controller comprising:
an operation conditions module structured to interpret an intake O2 value, the exhaust O2 value, and a biofuel O2 correlation;
an O2 fuel determination module structured to determine an O2 biofuel value in response to the intake O2 value, the exhaust O2 value, and the biofuel O2 correlation;
a fuel composition module structured to determine a tank biofuel value in response to the O2 biofuel value; and
a biofuel reporting module structured to provide the tank biofuel value.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising an engine operations module structured to adjust a fueling parameter in response to the tank biofuel value.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the operation conditions module is further structured to interpret a current operating condition, an exhaust NOx value, and a biofuel NOx correlation, the controller further comprising a NOx fuel determination module structured to determine a NOx biofuel value in response to the current operating condition, the exhaust NOx value, and the biofuel NOx correlation, and wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value in response to the NOx biofuel value.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value as an average of the O2 biofuel value and the NOx biofuel value.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the average of the O2 biofuel value and the NOx biofuel value comprises a weighted average of the values.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value as one of the O2 biofuel value and the NOx biofuel value in response to a confidence value of each of the O2 biofuel value and the NOx biofuel value.
7. The system of claim 3, wherein the operation conditions module is further structured to interpret a brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) input value and a biofuel BSFC correlation, the controller further comprising a BSFC fuel determination module structured to determine a BSFC biofuel value in response to the BSFC input value and the biofuel BSFC correlation, and wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value in response to the BSFC biofuel value.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value as an average of the O2 biofuel value, the NOx biofuel value, and the BSFC biofuel value.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the average of the O2 biofuel value, the NOx biofuel value, and the BSFC biofuel value comprises a weighted average of the values.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value as one of the O2 biofuel value, the NOx biofuel value, and the BSFC biofuel value, in response to a confidence value of each of the O2 biofuel value, the NOx biofuel value, and the BSFC biofuel value.
11. An apparatus, comprising:
an operation conditions module structured to interpret an intake O2 value, an exhaust O2 value, and a biofuel O2 correlation;
an O2 fuel determination module structured to determine an O2 biofuel value in response to the intake O2 value, the exhaust O2 value, and the biofuel O2 correlation;
a fuel composition module structured to determine a tank biofuel value in response to the O2 biofuel value;
a biofuel reporting module structured to provide the tank biofuel value; and
an engine operations module structured to adjust a fueling parameter in response to the tank biofuel value.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the operation conditions module is further structured to interpret a current operating condition, an exhaust NOx value, and a biofuel NOx correlation, the apparatus further comprising a NOx fuel determination module structured to determine a NOx biofuel value in response to the current operating condition, the exhaust NOx value, and the biofuel NOx correlation, and wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value in response to the NOx biofuel value.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the operation conditions module is further structured to interpret a brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) input value and a biofuel BSFC correlation, the controller further comprising a BSFC fuel determination module structured to determine a BSFC biofuel value in response to the BSFC input value and the biofuel BSFC correlation, and wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value in response to the BSFC biofuel value.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein:
the operation conditions module is further structured to interpret a current operating condition, an exhaust NOx value, and a biofuel NOx correlation;
the apparatus further comprising a NOx fuel determination module structured to determine a NOx biofuel value in response to the current operating condition, the exhaust NOx value, and the biofuel NOx correlation; and
wherein the fuel composition module is further structured to determine the tank biofuel value in response to any two of the O2 biofuel value, the NOx biofuel value, and the BSFC biofuel value being within a threshold agreement value.
15. A method, comprising:
interpreting a current operating condition, an exhaust NOx value, and a biofuel NOx correlation;
determining a tank biofuel value in response to the current operating condition, the exhaust NOx value, and the biofuel NOx correlation; and
reporting the tank biofuel value.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising adjusting a fueling parameter in response to the tank biofuel value.
17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
interpreting an intake O2 value, an exhaust O2 value, and a biofuel O2 correlation; and
determining the tank biofuel value further in response to the intake O2 value, the exhaust O2 value, and the biofuel O2 correlation.
18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
interpreting a brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) input value and a biofuel BSFC correlation; and
determining the tank biofuel value in response to the BSFC value and the biofuel BSFC correlation.
19. A system, comprising:
a direct injected internal combustion engine having an exhaust outlet and running excess oxygen;
a NOx sensor in flow communication with an exhaust stream within the exhaust outlet, the NOx sensor providing at least one of an exhaust O2 value and an exhaust NOx value; and
means for determining a biofuel value in response to the at least one of an exhaust O2 value and an exhaust NOx value.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the means for determining the biofuel value further comprises determining the biofuel value further in response to a brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the internal combustion engine.
21. The system of claim 19, wherein the means for determining the biofuel value further comprises a means for determining an O2 balance across the internal combustion engine.